Research Progress of Preoperative Staging Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

ZHANG Haiyan ,  SUN Libo

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China;

Corresponding author：

SUN Libo, Email: sunlibo0431@sina.com

Keywords：

Gastric cancer; Preoperative staging; Diagnosis

Video：

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Objective To summarize the research progress of preoperative staging diagnosis for gastric cancer.
Methods Both the domestic and international literatures involving the preoperative staging diagnosis of gastric cancer in recent years were collected and reviewed.
Results Transabdominal ultrosonography, EUS, CT, MRI, PET and diagnostic laparoscopy could provide objective evidences, and enhanced the accuracy of preoperative staging diagnosis for gastric cancer. Conclusion With the development of examination methods, the assessment of preoperative staging diagnosis of gastric cancer has been improved, and operation strategy can be made according to the correct preoperative staging.

Citation： ZHANG Haiyan,SUN Libo. Research Progress of Preoperative Staging Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2010, 17(1): 34-36. doi: Copy

1.	Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, et al. Global cancer statistics, 2002 [J]. CA Cancer J Clin, 2005; 55(2): 74108.
2.	De Vita F, Giuliani F, Galizia G, et al. Neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy of gastric cancer [J]. Ann Oncol, 2007; 18(Suppl 6): 2023.
3.	Liao SR, Dai Y, Huo L, et al. Transabdominal ultrasonography in preoperative staging of gastric cancer [J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2004; 10(23): 33993404.
4.	Ozmen MM, Zulfikaroglu B, Kucuk NO, et al. Lymphoscintigraphy in detection of the regional lymph node involvement in gastric cancer [J]. Ann R Coll Surg Engl, 2006; 88(7): 632638.
5.	Lee DH, Ko YT, Park SJ, et al. Comparison of hydroUS and spiral CT in the staging of gastric cancer [J]. Clin Imaging, 2001; 25(3): 181186.
6.	Ingram M, Arregui ME. Endoscopic ultrasonography [J]. Surg Clin North Am, 2004; 84(4): 10351059.
7.	孙明军, 王轶淳, 刘晓东. 超声内镜对胃癌术前分期的意义 [J]. 中华消化杂志, 2006; 26(2): 133134.
8.	彭贵勇, 房殿春, 李向红. 内镜超声在上消化道黏膜下肿瘤诊断和治疗中的价值 [J]. 中华消化内镜杂志, 2004; 21(2): 138.
9.	Bentrem D, Gerdes H, Tang L, et al. Clinical correlation of endoscopic ultrasonography with pathologic stage and outcome in patients undergoing curative resection for gastric cancer [J]. Ann Surg Oncol, 2007; 14(6): 18531859.
10.	Potrc S, Skalicky M, Ivanecz A. Does endoscopic ultrasound staging already allow individual treatment regimens in gastric cancer? [J]. Wien Klin Wochenschr, 2006;118(Suppl 2): 4851.
11.	Polkowski M, Palucki J, Wronska E, et al. Endosonography versus helical computed tomography for locoregional staging of gastric cancer [J]. Endoscopy, 2004; 36(7): 617623.
12.	Habermann CR, Weiss F, Riecken R, et al. Preoperative staging of gastric adenocarcinoma: comparison of helical CT and endoscopic US [J]. Radiology, 2004; 230(2): 465471.
13.	Puli SR, Batapati J, Reddy K, et al. How good is endoscopic ultrasound for TNM staging of gastric cancers? A metaanalysis and systematic review [J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2008; 14(25): 40114019.
14.	Tsendsuren T， Jun SM， Mian XH. Usefulness of endoscopic ultrasonography in preoperative TNM staging of gastric cancer [J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2006; 12(1): 4347.
15.	Lee YT, Ng EK, Hung LCT, et al. Accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography in diagnosing ascites and predicting peritoneal metastases in gastric cancer patients [J]. Gut, 2005; 54(11)： 15411545.
16.	黄子星, 陈心足, 宋彬, 等. 64 排螺旋CT 对Ⅳ期胃癌术前分期的价值 [J]. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2008; 15(8): 623627.
17.	Lim JS, Yun MJ, Kim MJ, et al. CT and PET in stomach cancer: preoperative staging and monitoring of response to therapy [J]. Radiographics, 2006; 26(1): 143156.
18.	Bhandari S, Shim CS, Kim JH, et al. Usefulness of threedimensional, multidetector row CT in the evaluation of gastric cancer: a comparison with conventional endoscopy, EUS and histopathology [J]. Gastrointest Endosc, 2004; 59(6): 619626.
19.	Habermann CR, Weiss F, Riecken R, et al. Preoperative staging of gastric adenocarcinoma: comparison of helical CT and endoscopic US [J]. Radiology, 2004; 230(2): 465471.
20.	Kim YN, Choi D, Kim SH, et al. Gastric cancer staging at isotropic MDCT including coronal and sagittal MPR images: endoscopically diagnosed early vs. advanced gastric cancer [J]. Abdom Imaging, 2009; 34(1): 2634.
21.	Chen BB, Liang PC, Liu KL, et al. Preoperative diagnosis of gastric tumors by three dimensional multidetector row CT and double contrast barium meal study: correlation with surgical and histologic results [J]. J Formos Med Assoc, 2007; 106(11): 943952.
22.	Chen CY, Hsu JS, Wu DC, et al. Gastric cancer: preoperative local staging with 3D multidetector row CT-correlation with surgical and histopathologic results [J]. Radiology, 2007; 242(2): 472482.
23.	Yang DM, Kim HC, Jin W, et al. 64 multidetectorrow computed tomography for preoperative evaluation of gastric cancer: histological correlation [J]. J Comput Assist Tomogr, 2007; 31(1): 98103.
24.	BaSsalamah A, Prokop M, Uffmann M, et al. Dedicated multidetector CT of the stomach: spectrum of diseases [J]. Radiographics, 2003; 23(3): 625644.
25.	Davies J, Chalmers AG, SueLing HM, et al. Spiral computed tomography and operative staging of gastric carcinoma: a comparison with histopathological staging [J]. Gut, 1997; 41(3): 314319.
26.	Lim JS, Kim MJ, Yun MJ, et al. Comparison of CT and 18FFDG pet for detecting peritoneal metastasis on the preoperative evaluation for gastric carcinoma [J]. Korean J Radiol, 2006; 7(4): 249256.
27.	Kang BC, Kim JH, Kim KW, et al. Value of the dynamic and delayed MR sequence with GdDTPA in the Tstaging of stomach cancer: correlation with the histopathology [J]. Abdom Imaging, 2000; 25(1): 1424.
28.	Tatsumi Y, Tanigawa N, Nishimura H, et al. Preoperative diagnosis of lymph node metastases in gastric cancer by magnetic resonance imaging with ferumoxtran10 [J]. Gastric Cancer, 2006; 9(2): 120128.
29.	Tokuhara T, Tanigawa N, Matsuki M, et al. Evaluation of lymph node metastases in gastric cancer using magnetic resonance imaging with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO): diagnostic performance in postcontrast images using new diagnostic criteria [J]. Gastric Cancer, 2008; 11(4): 194200.
30.	Rohren EM, Turkington TG, Coleman RE. Clinical applications of PET in oncology [J]. Radiology, 2004; 231(2): 305332.
31.	Yun M, Lim JS, Noh SH， et al. Lymph node staging of gastric cancer using 18FFDG PET: a comparison study with CT [J]. J Nucl Med, 2005; 46(10): 15821588.
32.	Chen J, Cheong JH, Yun MJ, et al. Improvement in preoperative staging of gastric adenocarcinoma with positron emission tomography [J]. Cancer， 2005; 103(11): 23832390.
33.	Muntean V, Mihailov A, Iancu C, et al. Staging laparoscopy in gastric cancer. Accuracy and impact on therapy [J]. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis, 2009; 18(2): 189195.
34.	Song KY, Kim JJ, Kim SN, et al. Staging laparoscopy for advanced gastric cancer: is it also useful for the group which has an aggressive surgical strategy? [J]. World J Surg, 2007; 31(6): 12281233.
35.	沈志勇, 刘骅, 曹晖. 胃癌基因诊断和治疗的研究进展 [J]. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2009; 16(6): 500502.
36.	Lehnert T, Rudek B, Kienle P, et al. Impact of diagnostic laparoscopy on the management of gastric cancer: prospective study of 120 consecutive patients with primary gastric adenocarcinoma [J]. Br J Surg, 2002; 89(4): 471475.

1. Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, et al. Global cancer statistics, 2002 [J]. CA Cancer J Clin, 2005; 55(2): 74108.
2. De Vita F, Giuliani F, Galizia G, et al. Neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy of gastric cancer [J]. Ann Oncol, 2007; 18(Suppl 6): 2023.
3. Liao SR, Dai Y, Huo L, et al. Transabdominal ultrasonography in preoperative staging of gastric cancer [J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2004; 10(23): 33993404.
4. Ozmen MM, Zulfikaroglu B, Kucuk NO, et al. Lymphoscintigraphy in detection of the regional lymph node involvement in gastric cancer [J]. Ann R Coll Surg Engl, 2006; 88(7): 632638.
5. Lee DH, Ko YT, Park SJ, et al. Comparison of hydroUS and spiral CT in the staging of gastric cancer [J]. Clin Imaging, 2001; 25(3): 181186.
6. Ingram M, Arregui ME. Endoscopic ultrasonography [J]. Surg Clin North Am, 2004; 84(4): 10351059.
7. 孙明军, 王轶淳, 刘晓东. 超声内镜对胃癌术前分期的意义 [J]. 中华消化杂志, 2006; 26(2): 133134.
8. 彭贵勇, 房殿春, 李向红. 内镜超声在上消化道黏膜下肿瘤诊断和治疗中的价值 [J]. 中华消化内镜杂志, 2004; 21(2): 138.
9. Bentrem D, Gerdes H, Tang L, et al. Clinical correlation of endoscopic ultrasonography with pathologic stage and outcome in patients undergoing curative resection for gastric cancer [J]. Ann Surg Oncol, 2007; 14(6): 18531859.
10. Potrc S, Skalicky M, Ivanecz A. Does endoscopic ultrasound staging already allow individual treatment regimens in gastric cancer? [J]. Wien Klin Wochenschr, 2006;118(Suppl 2): 4851.
11. Polkowski M, Palucki J, Wronska E, et al. Endosonography versus helical computed tomography for locoregional staging of gastric cancer [J]. Endoscopy, 2004; 36(7): 617623.
12. Habermann CR, Weiss F, Riecken R, et al. Preoperative staging of gastric adenocarcinoma: comparison of helical CT and endoscopic US [J]. Radiology, 2004; 230(2): 465471.
13. Puli SR, Batapati J, Reddy K, et al. How good is endoscopic ultrasound for TNM staging of gastric cancers? A metaanalysis and systematic review [J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2008; 14(25): 40114019.
14. Tsendsuren T， Jun SM， Mian XH. Usefulness of endoscopic ultrasonography in preoperative TNM staging of gastric cancer [J]. World J Gastroenterol, 2006; 12(1): 4347.
15. Lee YT, Ng EK, Hung LCT, et al. Accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography in diagnosing ascites and predicting peritoneal metastases in gastric cancer patients [J]. Gut, 2005; 54(11)： 15411545.
16. 黄子星, 陈心足, 宋彬, 等. 64 排螺旋CT 对Ⅳ期胃癌术前分期的价值 [J]. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2008; 15(8): 623627.
17. Lim JS, Yun MJ, Kim MJ, et al. CT and PET in stomach cancer: preoperative staging and monitoring of response to therapy [J]. Radiographics, 2006; 26(1): 143156.
18. Bhandari S, Shim CS, Kim JH, et al. Usefulness of threedimensional, multidetector row CT in the evaluation of gastric cancer: a comparison with conventional endoscopy, EUS and histopathology [J]. Gastrointest Endosc, 2004; 59(6): 619626.
19. Habermann CR, Weiss F, Riecken R, et al. Preoperative staging of gastric adenocarcinoma: comparison of helical CT and endoscopic US [J]. Radiology, 2004; 230(2): 465471.
20. Kim YN, Choi D, Kim SH, et al. Gastric cancer staging at isotropic MDCT including coronal and sagittal MPR images: endoscopically diagnosed early vs. advanced gastric cancer [J]. Abdom Imaging, 2009; 34(1): 2634.
21. Chen BB, Liang PC, Liu KL, et al. Preoperative diagnosis of gastric tumors by three dimensional multidetector row CT and double contrast barium meal study: correlation with surgical and histologic results [J]. J Formos Med Assoc, 2007; 106(11): 943952.
22. Chen CY, Hsu JS, Wu DC, et al. Gastric cancer: preoperative local staging with 3D multidetector row CT-correlation with surgical and histopathologic results [J]. Radiology, 2007; 242(2): 472482.
23. Yang DM, Kim HC, Jin W, et al. 64 multidetectorrow computed tomography for preoperative evaluation of gastric cancer: histological correlation [J]. J Comput Assist Tomogr, 2007; 31(1): 98103.
24. BaSsalamah A, Prokop M, Uffmann M, et al. Dedicated multidetector CT of the stomach: spectrum of diseases [J]. Radiographics, 2003; 23(3): 625644.
25. Davies J, Chalmers AG, SueLing HM, et al. Spiral computed tomography and operative staging of gastric carcinoma: a comparison with histopathological staging [J]. Gut, 1997; 41(3): 314319.
26. Lim JS, Kim MJ, Yun MJ, et al. Comparison of CT and 18FFDG pet for detecting peritoneal metastasis on the preoperative evaluation for gastric carcinoma [J]. Korean J Radiol, 2006; 7(4): 249256.
27. Kang BC, Kim JH, Kim KW, et al. Value of the dynamic and delayed MR sequence with GdDTPA in the Tstaging of stomach cancer: correlation with the histopathology [J]. Abdom Imaging, 2000; 25(1): 1424.
28. Tatsumi Y, Tanigawa N, Nishimura H, et al. Preoperative diagnosis of lymph node metastases in gastric cancer by magnetic resonance imaging with ferumoxtran10 [J]. Gastric Cancer, 2006; 9(2): 120128.
29. Tokuhara T, Tanigawa N, Matsuki M, et al. Evaluation of lymph node metastases in gastric cancer using magnetic resonance imaging with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO): diagnostic performance in postcontrast images using new diagnostic criteria [J]. Gastric Cancer, 2008; 11(4): 194200.
30. Rohren EM, Turkington TG, Coleman RE. Clinical applications of PET in oncology [J]. Radiology, 2004; 231(2): 305332.
31. Yun M, Lim JS, Noh SH， et al. Lymph node staging of gastric cancer using 18FFDG PET: a comparison study with CT [J]. J Nucl Med, 2005; 46(10): 15821588.
32. Chen J, Cheong JH, Yun MJ, et al. Improvement in preoperative staging of gastric adenocarcinoma with positron emission tomography [J]. Cancer， 2005; 103(11): 23832390.
33. Muntean V, Mihailov A, Iancu C, et al. Staging laparoscopy in gastric cancer. Accuracy and impact on therapy [J]. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis, 2009; 18(2): 189195.
34. Song KY, Kim JJ, Kim SN, et al. Staging laparoscopy for advanced gastric cancer: is it also useful for the group which has an aggressive surgical strategy? [J]. World J Surg, 2007; 31(6): 12281233.
35. 沈志勇, 刘骅, 曹晖. 胃癌基因诊断和治疗的研究进展 [J]. 中国普外基础与临床杂志, 2009; 16(6): 500502.
36. Lehnert T, Rudek B, Kienle P, et al. Impact of diagnostic laparoscopy on the management of gastric cancer: prospective study of 120 consecutive patients with primary gastric adenocarcinoma [J]. Br J Surg, 2002; 89(4): 471475.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Research Progress of Preoperative Staging Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer

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