Endoscopic Surgery in Breast Diseases_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

JI Xiaoxin , LUO Chengyu

Department of General Surgery, Fuxing Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100038, China;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

EndoscopeBreast disease

Video：

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic techniques for diagnosis and treatment of breast diseases. MethodsRelated literatures of recent years were reviewed. ResultsA minimally invasive endoscopic technique can be performed through small incisions. This can contribute greatly to reducing postoperative pain, shortening recovery time, and achieving a good cosmetic outcome. Under endoscopy, meticulous dissection and hemostasis can be achieved. Endoscopeassisted subcutaneous mastectomy, immediate mammary reconstruction, sentinel lymph node biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection, for breast cancer can be performed safely. Endoscopic surgery can also be applied for the diagnosis and treatment of benign breast tumor and transaxillary removal of glandular tissue in gynecomastia. In addition, fiberoptic ductoscopy can be used to diagnose patients with nipple discharge. Endoscopic surgery for patients with breast diseases can offer an excellent cosmetic outcome and maintain normal physiologic functions without a noticeable scar. It helps to give the patients confidence and improve the quality of life. ConclusionBreast surgery is a good candidate for endoscopic techniques.

Citation： JI Xiaoxin,LUO Chengyu. Endoscopic Surgery in Breast Diseases. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2004, 11(3): 211-212. doi: Copy

1.	Tamaki Y, Sakita I, Miyoshi Y, et al. Transareolar endoscopyassisted partial mastectomy: a preliminary report of six cases [J]. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech, 2001; 11(6)∶356.
2.	Tagaya N, Kubota K. Experience with endoscopic axillary lymphadenectomy using needlescopic instruments in patients with breast cancer: a preliminary report [J]. Surg Endosc, 2002; 16(2)∶307.
3.	Brunt LM, Jones DB, Wu JS, et al. Endoscopic axillary lymph node dissection: an experimental study in human cadavers [J]. J Am Coll Surg, 1998; 187(2)∶158.
4.	Ho WS, Ying SY, Chan AC. Endoscopicassisted subcutaneous mastectomy and axillary dissection with immediate mammary prosthesis reconstruction for early breast cancer [J]. Surg Endosc, 2002; 16(2)∶302.
5.	Kitamura K, Ishida M, Inoue H, et al. Early results of an endoscopeassisted subcutaneous mastectomy and reconstruction for breast cancer [J]. Surgery, 2002; 131(1 Suppl)∶S324.
6.	Masuoka T, Fujikawa M, Yamamoto H, et al. Breast reconstruction after mastectomy without additional scarring: application of endoscopic latissimus dorsi muscle harvest [J]. Ann Plast Surg, 1998; 40(2)∶123.
7.	Brun JL, Rousseau E, Belleannee G, et al. Axillary lymphadenectomy prepared by fat and lymph node suction in breast cancer [J]. Eur J Surg Oncol, 1998; 24(1)∶17.
8.	Pomel C, Missana MC, Atallah D, et al. Endoscopic muscular latissimus dorsi flap harvesting for immediate breast reconstruction after skin sparing mastectomy [J]. Eur J Surg Oncol, 2003; 29(2)∶127.
9.	Tsangaris TN, Trad K, Brody FJ, et al. Endoscopic axillary exploration and sentinel lymphadenectomy [J]. Surg Endosc, 1999; 13(1)∶43.
10.	Kuhn T, Santjohanser C, Koretz K, et al. Axilloscopy and endoscopic sentinel node detection in breast cancer patients [J]. Surg Endosc, 2000; 14(6)∶573.
11.	Ogawa Y, Ishikawa T, Sawada T, et al. Thoracoscopic internal mammary sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer [J]. Surg Endosc, 2003; 17(2)∶315.
12.	Malur S, Bechler J, Schneider A. Endoscopic axillary lymphadenectomy without prior liposuction in 100 patients with invasive breast cancer [J]. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech, 2001; 11(1)∶38.
13.	Kamprath S, Bechler J, KuhneHeid R, et al. Endoscopic axillary lymphadenectomy without prior liposuction. Development of a technique and initial experience [J]. Surg Endosc, 1999; 13(12)∶1226.
14.	Cangiotti L, Poiatti R, Taglietti L, et al. A miniinvasive technique for axillary lymphadenectomy in early breast cancer: a study of 15 patients [J]. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 1999; 18(3)∶295.
15.	Salvat J, Knopf JF, Ayoubi JM, et al. Endoscopic exploration and lymph node sampling of the axilla. Preliminary findings of a randomized pilot study comparing clinical and anatomopathologic results of endoscopic axillary lymph node sampling with traditional surgical treatment [J]. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 1996; 70(2)∶165.
16.	Kuehn T, Santjohanser C, Grab D, et al. Endoscopic axillary surgery in breast cancer [J].Br J Surg, 2001; 88(5)∶698.
17.	de Wilde RL, Schmidt EH, Hesseling M, et al. Comparison of classic and endoscopic lymphadenectomy for staging breast cancer [J]. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc, 2003; 10(1)∶75.
18.	Kitamura K, Hashizume M, Sugimachi K, et al. Early experience of endoscopic extirpation of benign breast tumors via an extramammary incision [J]. Am J Surg, 1998; 176(3)∶235.
19.	Kitamura K, Hashizume M, Kataoka A, et al. Transaxillary approach for the endoscopic extirpation of benign breast tumors [J]. Surg Laparosc Endosc, 1998; 8(4)∶277.
20.	Dooley WC. Routine operative breast endoscopy for bloody nipple discharge [J]. Ann Surg Oncol, 2002; 9(9)∶920.
21.	Shen KW, Wu J, Lu JS, et al. Fiberoptic ductoscopy for breast cancer patients with nipple discharge [J]. Surg Endosc, 2001; 15(11)∶1340.
22.	Yamamoto D, Shoji T, Kawanishi H, et al. A utility of ductography and fiberoptic ductoscopy for patients with nipple discharge [J]. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2001; 70(2)∶103.
23.	Ohyama T, Takada A, Fujikawa M, et al. Endoscopeassisted transaxillary removal of glandular tissue in gynecomastia [J]. Ann Plast Surg, 1998; 40(1)∶62.

1. Tamaki Y, Sakita I, Miyoshi Y, et al. Transareolar endoscopyassisted partial mastectomy: a preliminary report of six cases [J]. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech, 2001; 11(6)∶356.
2. Tagaya N, Kubota K. Experience with endoscopic axillary lymphadenectomy using needlescopic instruments in patients with breast cancer: a preliminary report [J]. Surg Endosc, 2002; 16(2)∶307.
3. Brunt LM, Jones DB, Wu JS, et al. Endoscopic axillary lymph node dissection: an experimental study in human cadavers [J]. J Am Coll Surg, 1998; 187(2)∶158.
4. Ho WS, Ying SY, Chan AC. Endoscopicassisted subcutaneous mastectomy and axillary dissection with immediate mammary prosthesis reconstruction for early breast cancer [J]. Surg Endosc, 2002; 16(2)∶302.
5. Kitamura K, Ishida M, Inoue H, et al. Early results of an endoscopeassisted subcutaneous mastectomy and reconstruction for breast cancer [J]. Surgery, 2002; 131(1 Suppl)∶S324.
6. Masuoka T, Fujikawa M, Yamamoto H, et al. Breast reconstruction after mastectomy without additional scarring: application of endoscopic latissimus dorsi muscle harvest [J]. Ann Plast Surg, 1998; 40(2)∶123.
7. Brun JL, Rousseau E, Belleannee G, et al. Axillary lymphadenectomy prepared by fat and lymph node suction in breast cancer [J]. Eur J Surg Oncol, 1998; 24(1)∶17.
8. Pomel C, Missana MC, Atallah D, et al. Endoscopic muscular latissimus dorsi flap harvesting for immediate breast reconstruction after skin sparing mastectomy [J]. Eur J Surg Oncol, 2003; 29(2)∶127.
9. Tsangaris TN, Trad K, Brody FJ, et al. Endoscopic axillary exploration and sentinel lymphadenectomy [J]. Surg Endosc, 1999; 13(1)∶43.
10. Kuhn T, Santjohanser C, Koretz K, et al. Axilloscopy and endoscopic sentinel node detection in breast cancer patients [J]. Surg Endosc, 2000; 14(6)∶573.
11. Ogawa Y, Ishikawa T, Sawada T, et al. Thoracoscopic internal mammary sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer [J]. Surg Endosc, 2003; 17(2)∶315.
12. Malur S, Bechler J, Schneider A. Endoscopic axillary lymphadenectomy without prior liposuction in 100 patients with invasive breast cancer [J]. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech, 2001; 11(1)∶38.
13. Kamprath S, Bechler J, KuhneHeid R, et al. Endoscopic axillary lymphadenectomy without prior liposuction. Development of a technique and initial experience [J]. Surg Endosc, 1999; 13(12)∶1226.
14. Cangiotti L, Poiatti R, Taglietti L, et al. A miniinvasive technique for axillary lymphadenectomy in early breast cancer: a study of 15 patients [J]. J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 1999; 18(3)∶295.
15. Salvat J, Knopf JF, Ayoubi JM, et al. Endoscopic exploration and lymph node sampling of the axilla. Preliminary findings of a randomized pilot study comparing clinical and anatomopathologic results of endoscopic axillary lymph node sampling with traditional surgical treatment [J]. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 1996; 70(2)∶165.
16. Kuehn T, Santjohanser C, Grab D, et al. Endoscopic axillary surgery in breast cancer [J].Br J Surg, 2001; 88(5)∶698.
17. de Wilde RL, Schmidt EH, Hesseling M, et al. Comparison of classic and endoscopic lymphadenectomy for staging breast cancer [J]. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc, 2003; 10(1)∶75.
18. Kitamura K, Hashizume M, Sugimachi K, et al. Early experience of endoscopic extirpation of benign breast tumors via an extramammary incision [J]. Am J Surg, 1998; 176(3)∶235.
19. Kitamura K, Hashizume M, Kataoka A, et al. Transaxillary approach for the endoscopic extirpation of benign breast tumors [J]. Surg Laparosc Endosc, 1998; 8(4)∶277.
20. Dooley WC. Routine operative breast endoscopy for bloody nipple discharge [J]. Ann Surg Oncol, 2002; 9(9)∶920.
21. Shen KW, Wu J, Lu JS, et al. Fiberoptic ductoscopy for breast cancer patients with nipple discharge [J]. Surg Endosc, 2001; 15(11)∶1340.
22. Yamamoto D, Shoji T, Kawanishi H, et al. A utility of ductography and fiberoptic ductoscopy for patients with nipple discharge [J]. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2001; 70(2)∶103.
23. Ohyama T, Takada A, Fujikawa M, et al. Endoscopeassisted transaxillary removal of glandular tissue in gynecomastia [J]. Ann Plast Surg, 1998; 40(1)∶62.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Endoscopic Surgery in Breast Diseases

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