Calf Muscle Pump and Chronic Venous Insufficiency in Lower Extremities_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

WANG Kun ¹ , QIAO Zhengrong ² , SHI De ²

Department of General Surgery,Nanhai People’s Hospital of Guangdong Province, Nanhai 528200;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

Calf muscle; Chronic venous insufficiency

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Objective To discuss the relationship between calf muscle pump function and chronic venous insufficiency(CVI).
Methods This summarized paper was made on literature review.
Results Calf muscle pump function was studied by air plethysmography,straingauge plethysmography，intramuscular pressure，calf muscle pump efficiency，foot mercury straingauge plethysmography，isotope plethysmography，and digitized photo plethysmography.The calf muscle pump function of patients with CVI decreased apparently and can be markedly improved after proper treatment.
Conclusion The relationship between calf muscle pump function and CVI is apparent.

Citation： WANG Kun,QIAO Zhengrong,SHI De. Calf Muscle Pump and Chronic Venous Insufficiency in Lower Extremities. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2002, 9(1): 53-55. doi: Copy

1.	Spittell JA.Venous lower extremity ulcer [Ｊ]. Angiology,1993； 44(2)∶143.
2.	Calnon JS,Pflug JJ,Mills CJ.Pneumatic intermittent compression legging stimulating calf muscle pump [Ｊ].Lancet,1970； 2(7671)∶502.
3.	Christopoulos D, Nicolaides AN, Cook A, et al. Pathogenesis of venous ulceration in relation to the calf muscle pump function [Ｊ]. Surgery, 1989； 106(5)∶829.
4.	Yang D, Vandongen YK, Stacey MC. Effect of exercise on calf muscle pump function in patients with chronic venous disease [Ｊ]. Br J Surg,1999； 86(3)∶338.
5.	Bermudez K, Knudson MM, Morabito D, et al. Fasciotomy, chronic venous insufficiency, and the calf muscle pump [Ｊ]. Arch Surg,1998； 133(12)∶1356.
6.	Janssen MC, Wollersheim H, Haenen JH, et al. Deep venous thrombosis: a prospective 3month follow up using dupplex scanning and straingauge plethysmography [Ｊ]. Clin Sci Colch, 1998； 94(6)∶651.
7.	景在平,卢佩丽,曹贵松，等.空气体积描记法诊断原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全 [Ｊ]. 中华外科杂志,1994； 32(11)∶664.
8.	Rhodes JM, Gloviczki P, Canton L, et al. Endoscopic perforator vein division with ablation of superficial reflux improves venous hemodynamics [Ｊ]. J Vasc Surg,1998； 28(5)∶839.
9.	Janssen MC,Claassen JA,Van Asten WN,et al. Validation of supine venous pump function test: a new noninvasive tool in the assessment of deep venous insufficiency [Ｊ]. Clin Sci Colch, 1996； 91(4)∶483.
10.	Murthy G, Ballard RE, Breit GA, et al. Intramuscular pressures beneath elastic and inelastic legging [Ｊ]. Ann Vasc Surg,1994； 8(6)∶543.
11.	Tucker EA, Lamb LE, Callicott C, et al. Measurements of calf muscle pump efficiency during simulated ambulation [Ｊ]. Int Angiol,1998； 17(4)∶255.
12.	Schanzer H,Lande L, Premus G, et al. Noninvasive evaluation of chronic venous insufficiency. Use of foot mercury straingauge plethysmography [Ｊ]. Arch Surg, 1984； 119(9)∶1013.
13.	Whitehead S, Lemenson G, Browse NL. The assessment of calf pump function by isotope plethysmography [Ｊ]. Br J Surg,1983； 70(11)∶675.
14.	Struckmann JR. Assessment of venous muscle pump function by ambulatory calf volume strain gauge plethysmography after surgical treatment of varicose veins: a prospective study of 21 patients [Ｊ]. Surgery,1987； 101(3)∶347.
15.	Stacey MC, Burnand KG, Layer GT, et al. Calf pump function in patients with healed venous ulcers is not improved by surgery to the communicating veins or by elastic stockings [Ｊ]. Br J Surg,1988； 75(5)∶436.
16.	Jagtman BA, Kuiper JP, Brakkee AJ. Measurements of skin elasticity in patients with lipedema of the Moncorps “rusticanus” type [Ｊ]. Phlebologie,1984； 37(3)∶315.
17.	Leyk D, Esssfeld D, Baum K, et al. Influence of calf muscle contractions on blood flow parameters measured in the arteria femoralis [Ｊ]. Int J Sports Med,1992； 13(8)∶588.
18.	Schina MJ Jr, Neumyer MM, Healy DA, et al. Influence of age on venous physiologic parameters [Ｊ]. J Vasc Surg,1993； 18(5)∶749.
19.	Araki CT,Back TL,Padberg FT,et al. The significance of calf muscle pump function in venous ulceration [Ｊ]. J Vasc Surg,1994； 20(6)∶872.
20.	Payne SP, London NJ, Newland CJ, et al. Ambulatory venous pressure: correlation with skin condition and role in identifying surgically correctible disease [Ｊ]. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 1996； 11(2)∶195.
21.	Thum J, Caspary L, Creutzig A, et al. A new method for the assessment of tissue hemoglobin in patients with chronic venous insufficiency [Ｊ]. Microvasc Res, 1996； 51(3)∶317.
22.	Ibegbuna V,Delis K,Nicolaides AN.Effect of lightweight compression stocking on venous haemodynamics [Ｊ].Int Angiol,1997； 16(3)∶185.
23.	Spence PK,Cahall E. Inelastic versus elastic leg compression in chronic venous insufficiency: a comparison of limb size and venous hemodynamics [Ｊ]. J Vasc Surg, 1996; 24(5)∶783.

1. Spittell JA.Venous lower extremity ulcer [Ｊ]. Angiology,1993； 44(2)∶143.
2. Calnon JS,Pflug JJ,Mills CJ.Pneumatic intermittent compression legging stimulating calf muscle pump [Ｊ].Lancet,1970； 2(7671)∶502.
3. Christopoulos D, Nicolaides AN, Cook A, et al. Pathogenesis of venous ulceration in relation to the calf muscle pump function [Ｊ]. Surgery, 1989； 106(5)∶829.
4. Yang D, Vandongen YK, Stacey MC. Effect of exercise on calf muscle pump function in patients with chronic venous disease [Ｊ]. Br J Surg,1999； 86(3)∶338.
5. Bermudez K, Knudson MM, Morabito D, et al. Fasciotomy, chronic venous insufficiency, and the calf muscle pump [Ｊ]. Arch Surg,1998； 133(12)∶1356.
6. Janssen MC, Wollersheim H, Haenen JH, et al. Deep venous thrombosis: a prospective 3month follow up using dupplex scanning and straingauge plethysmography [Ｊ]. Clin Sci Colch, 1998； 94(6)∶651.
7. 景在平,卢佩丽,曹贵松，等.空气体积描记法诊断原发性下肢深静脉瓣膜功能不全 [Ｊ]. 中华外科杂志,1994； 32(11)∶664.
8. Rhodes JM, Gloviczki P, Canton L, et al. Endoscopic perforator vein division with ablation of superficial reflux improves venous hemodynamics [Ｊ]. J Vasc Surg,1998； 28(5)∶839.
9. Janssen MC,Claassen JA,Van Asten WN,et al. Validation of supine venous pump function test: a new noninvasive tool in the assessment of deep venous insufficiency [Ｊ]. Clin Sci Colch, 1996； 91(4)∶483.
10. Murthy G, Ballard RE, Breit GA, et al. Intramuscular pressures beneath elastic and inelastic legging [Ｊ]. Ann Vasc Surg,1994； 8(6)∶543.
11. Tucker EA, Lamb LE, Callicott C, et al. Measurements of calf muscle pump efficiency during simulated ambulation [Ｊ]. Int Angiol,1998； 17(4)∶255.
12. Schanzer H,Lande L, Premus G, et al. Noninvasive evaluation of chronic venous insufficiency. Use of foot mercury straingauge plethysmography [Ｊ]. Arch Surg, 1984； 119(9)∶1013.
13. Whitehead S, Lemenson G, Browse NL. The assessment of calf pump function by isotope plethysmography [Ｊ]. Br J Surg,1983； 70(11)∶675.
14. Struckmann JR. Assessment of venous muscle pump function by ambulatory calf volume strain gauge plethysmography after surgical treatment of varicose veins: a prospective study of 21 patients [Ｊ]. Surgery,1987； 101(3)∶347.
15. Stacey MC, Burnand KG, Layer GT, et al. Calf pump function in patients with healed venous ulcers is not improved by surgery to the communicating veins or by elastic stockings [Ｊ]. Br J Surg,1988； 75(5)∶436.
16. Jagtman BA, Kuiper JP, Brakkee AJ. Measurements of skin elasticity in patients with lipedema of the Moncorps “rusticanus” type [Ｊ]. Phlebologie,1984； 37(3)∶315.
17. Leyk D, Esssfeld D, Baum K, et al. Influence of calf muscle contractions on blood flow parameters measured in the arteria femoralis [Ｊ]. Int J Sports Med,1992； 13(8)∶588.
18. Schina MJ Jr, Neumyer MM, Healy DA, et al. Influence of age on venous physiologic parameters [Ｊ]. J Vasc Surg,1993； 18(5)∶749.
19. Araki CT,Back TL,Padberg FT,et al. The significance of calf muscle pump function in venous ulceration [Ｊ]. J Vasc Surg,1994； 20(6)∶872.
20. Payne SP, London NJ, Newland CJ, et al. Ambulatory venous pressure: correlation with skin condition and role in identifying surgically correctible disease [Ｊ]. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg, 1996； 11(2)∶195.
21. Thum J, Caspary L, Creutzig A, et al. A new method for the assessment of tissue hemoglobin in patients with chronic venous insufficiency [Ｊ]. Microvasc Res, 1996； 51(3)∶317.
22. Ibegbuna V,Delis K,Nicolaides AN.Effect of lightweight compression stocking on venous haemodynamics [Ｊ].Int Angiol,1997； 16(3)∶185.
23. Spence PK,Cahall E. Inelastic versus elastic leg compression in chronic venous insufficiency: a comparison of limb size and venous hemodynamics [Ｊ]. J Vasc Surg, 1996; 24(5)∶783.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Calf Muscle Pump and Chronic Venous Insufficiency in Lower Extremities

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