A Novel Rabbit Carotid Body and Common Carotid Artery Model in Vivo for the Simulation of Various Intermittent and Continuous Hypoxia Modes_Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Authors：

FENG Jing ¹ , CUI Linyang ² ,  CHENBaoyuan ¹ , GUOMeinan ¹ , CAO Jie ¹ , SUN Bei. ³

Respiratory Department of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital.Tianjin, 300052, China;

Corresponding author：

CHENBaoyuan, Email: cbynew@yahoo.com.cn

Keywords：

Intermittent hypoxia; Obstructive sleep apnea; Carotid body; Carotid sinus nerve; Carotid common artery

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Objective To develope a novel rabbit carotid body and carotid common artery model in vivo for the simulation of various intermittent hypoxia ( IH) intensities, IH durations, IH reoxygenation ( ROX) durations and continuous hypoxia ( CH) modes. Methods Forty-five adult New Zealand rabbits ( 2. 5-3. 0 kg) were anesthetized while spontaneous breathing kept intact. The tissue surrounding the right carotid common artery and carotid sinus nerve ( CSN) were cleared and " single" chemoreceptor bundle of the CSN was revealed. Then suction electrodes were placed and CSN afferent activity was monitored and recorded carefully. The right common carotid artery was exposed, cannulated to distal part and its proximal part was ligated. Preparations were challenged by changing the PO2 of the gas mixture equilibrating the perfusate. Alternatively perfusion ( 2 mL/min) of equilibrated perfusate bubbled with normoxia or hypoxia gas mixtures formed IH/ROX cycles in carotid common artery, simulating the pattern of hypoxic episodes seen in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome ( OSAS) , or with continuously perfusing hypoxia perfusate to form CH modes. All the perfusing procedures were regulated by a customized computer-controlled set and monitored using O2 gas analyzer. After the systematic exposures, carotid body, carotid common artery part distal to cannula, and carotid bifurcation were harvested as samples. Results The frequencies and average amplitudes of CSN chemoreceptor bundles afferent activities with normoxia perfusion were ( 0. 17 ±0. 03) impulse/ s and ( 46. 2 ±4. 4) μV, and with hypoxia perfusion were ( 0. 64 ±0. 09) impulse/ s and ( 87. 4 ±6. 6) μV, respectively. PO2 was ( 139 ±1. 5) mm Hg in normoxia perfusate and ( 35. 2 ±1. 3) mm Hg in hypoxia perfusate. Conclusion This new carotid body and carotid common arterymodel is a valuable tool to study neurological and biochemical changes in various IH and CH modes.

Citation： FENG Jing,CUI Linyang,CHENBaoyuan,GUOMeinan,CAO Jie,SUN Bei.. A Novel Rabbit Carotid Body and Common Carotid Artery Model in Vivo for the Simulation of Various Intermittent and Continuous Hypoxia Modes. Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2009, 09(4): 380-383. doi: Copy

1.	Shamsuzzaman AS, Gersh BJ, Somers VK. Obstructive sleep apnea:implications for cardiac and vascular disease. JAMA, 2003, 290 :1906-1914.
2.	Fletcher EC. Sympathetic over activity in the etiology of hypertension of obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep, 2003, 26: 15-19 .
3.	Narkiewicz K, van de Borne PJ, Pesek CA, et a1. Selective potentiation of peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity in obstructive sleep apnea. Circulation, 1999, 99: 1183 -1189 .
4.	Prabhakar NR, Peng YJ, Jacono FJ, et a1. Cardiovascular alterations bv chronic intermittent hypoxia: importance of carotid body chemoreflexes. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 2005 , 32, 447 -449.
5.	Williams A, Scharf SM. Obstructive sleep apnea, cardiovascular disease, and inflammation-is NF-κB the key? Sleep Breath, 2007 ,11: 69-76.
6.	冯靖, 陈宝元, 郭美南, 等. 内皮细胞在不同低氧模式下白细胞介素6 和肿瘤坏死因子α的变化. 中华医学杂志, 2007, 87:774-777.
7.	冯靖, 陈宝元, 郭美南, 等. 内皮细胞在不同间歇缺氧方式时核因子κB 和细胞间粘附分子1 的变化. 中华结核和呼吸杂志,2007, 30: 202-206.
8.	冯靖, 陈宝元, 郭美南, 等. 不同间歇低氧频率对血管内皮细胞的炎性损伤. 中华老年医学杂志, 2007, 26: 124-126.
9.	Cummings KJ, Wilson RJ. Time-dependent modulation of carotid body afferent activity during and after intermittent hypoxia. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 2005, 288: R1571-R1580.
10.	Peng YJ, Yuan G, Ramakrishnan D, et a1. Heterozygous HIF-1 alpha deficiency impairs carotid body-mediated systemic responses and reactive oxygen species generation in mice exposed to intermittent hypoxia. J Physiol, 2006, 577: 705-716.

1. Shamsuzzaman AS, Gersh BJ, Somers VK. Obstructive sleep apnea:implications for cardiac and vascular disease. JAMA, 2003, 290 :1906-1914.
2. Fletcher EC. Sympathetic over activity in the etiology of hypertension of obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep, 2003, 26: 15-19 .
3. Narkiewicz K, van de Borne PJ, Pesek CA, et a1. Selective potentiation of peripheral chemoreflex sensitivity in obstructive sleep apnea. Circulation, 1999, 99: 1183 -1189 .
4. Prabhakar NR, Peng YJ, Jacono FJ, et a1. Cardiovascular alterations bv chronic intermittent hypoxia: importance of carotid body chemoreflexes. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 2005 , 32, 447 -449.
5. Williams A, Scharf SM. Obstructive sleep apnea, cardiovascular disease, and inflammation-is NF-κB the key? Sleep Breath, 2007 ,11: 69-76.
6. 冯靖, 陈宝元, 郭美南, 等. 内皮细胞在不同低氧模式下白细胞介素6 和肿瘤坏死因子α的变化. 中华医学杂志, 2007, 87:774-777.
7. 冯靖, 陈宝元, 郭美南, 等. 内皮细胞在不同间歇缺氧方式时核因子κB 和细胞间粘附分子1 的变化. 中华结核和呼吸杂志,2007, 30: 202-206.
8. 冯靖, 陈宝元, 郭美南, 等. 不同间歇低氧频率对血管内皮细胞的炎性损伤. 中华老年医学杂志, 2007, 26: 124-126.
9. Cummings KJ, Wilson RJ. Time-dependent modulation of carotid body afferent activity during and after intermittent hypoxia. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 2005, 288: R1571-R1580.
10. Peng YJ, Yuan G, Ramakrishnan D, et a1. Heterozygous HIF-1 alpha deficiency impairs carotid body-mediated systemic responses and reactive oxygen species generation in mice exposed to intermittent hypoxia. J Physiol, 2006, 577: 705-716.

Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

A Novel Rabbit Carotid Body and Common Carotid Artery Model in Vivo for the Simulation of Various Intermittent and Continuous Hypoxia Modes

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