结核分枝杆菌的株水平鉴定和基因分型技术研究进展_Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

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黄丽萍 , 石荔

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结核分枝杆菌; 株水平鉴定; 基因分型

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随着结核病防治研究的不断深入, 人们发现细胞水平时代结核病流行病学的两大问题———传播途径和传染源, 是了解得不够确切、不够深刻的, 从传染与发病的关系上鉴定外源性再感染, 用噬菌体分型毫无实际价值。而常规细菌培养法进行耐药性监测作为流行病学调查方式之一, 只能了解其耐药的表型状况, 难以探讨其内在机制。随着分子生物学的飞速发展, 1980 年以后, 逐步建立了一些根据核酸序列进行菌株鉴定的高度特异的基因分型方法, 主要包括: 限制性片段长度多态性、DNA 指纹图谱分析、脉冲场凝胶电泳、PCR酶切分型、随机扩增多态性DNA、DNA 序列分析以及基因芯片技术等等。结合现代分子生物信息学技术, 使结核分枝杆菌的菌株分型进入了一个全新的领域———株水平的鉴定, 也进而使结核病分子流行病学的研究取得了很大的进展。许多研究者在结核病的流行病学研究中, 把群体研究与个体研究、宏观研究与微观研究结合起来, 研究结核分枝杆菌( Mycobacteriumtuberculosis,MTB) 的分子结构上的差异, 结合病例流行病学资料, 以阐明结核病的流行病学问题, 形成了结核病分子流行病学。分子分型技术是结核病分子流行病学研究的重要手段之一。对受感染个体的菌株进行分子分型在追踪传染源方面起重要作用。

Citation： 黄丽萍,石荔. 结核分枝杆菌的株水平鉴定和基因分型技术研究进展. Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2010, 9(2): 216-219. doi: Copy

1.	van Embden JD, Cave MD, Crawford JT, et al. Strain identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by DNA fingerprinting:recommendations for a standardized methodology. J Clin Microbiol,1993, 31: 406-409.
2.	van Soolingen D, De Haas PE, Hermans PW, et al. Comparison of various repetitive DNA elements as genetic markers for strain differentiation and epidemiology of Mycoloacterium tuberculosis. J Clin Microbiol, 1993, 31: 1987-1995.
3.	Singh SP, Salamon H, Lahti CJ, et al. Use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for molecular epidemiologic and population genetic studies Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Clin Microbiol, 1999, 37 :1927-1931.
4.	van Soolingen D, Qian L, De Haas PE, et al. Predominance of a single genotype of M. tuberculosis in countries of East Asia. J Clin Microbiol, 1995 , 33: 3234-3238.
5.	Richner SM, Meiring J, Kirby R. A study of the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from patients in the eastern province of South Africa using random amplified polymorphic DNA profiling. Electrophoresis, 1997 , 18 : 1570-1576.
6.	Rodriguez JC, Royo G, Rodriguez-Valera F. Application of four molecular techniques for typing outbreak-associated Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. APMIS, 2000, 108 : 231-236.
7.	Gonzalez N, Torres MJ, Palomares JC, et al. Characterization of the rpoB gene mutations in clinical isolates of rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin, 1998 ,16: 404-407.
8.	Zaza S, Blumberg HM, Beck-Sague C, et al. Nosocomial transmission of M. tuberculosis: role of health care workers in outbreak propagation. J Infect Dis, 1995 , 172: 1542-1549.
9.	Orita M, Suzuki Y, Sekiya T, et al. Rapid and sensitive detection of point mutations and DNA polymorphisms using the polymerase chain reaction. Genomics, 1989, 5 : 874-879 .
10.	Yamazaki T, Haga S, Nakamura RM, et al. Detection of rifampicinresistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by a non-radioactive PCR-SSCP method. Kekkaku, 1996 , 71: 465-471.
11.	Spurgiesz RS, Quitugua TN, Smith KL, et al. Molecular typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by using nine novel variable-number tandem repeats across the Beijing family and low-copy-number IS6110 isolates. J Clin Microbiol, 2003, 41 : 4224 -4230 .
12.	Pease AC, Solas D, Sullivan EJ, et al. Light-generated oligonucleotide assay for rapid DNA sequence analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1994 , 91: 5022-5026.
13.	Van Soolingen D, Qian L, De Haas PE, et al. Predominance of a single genotype of M. tuberculosis in countries of East Asia. J Clin Microbiol, 1995 , 33: 3234-3238.
14.	Kato-Maeda M, Rhee JT, Gingeras TR, et al. Comparing genomes within the species Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Genome Res, 2001 ,11: 547-554 .
15.	景奉香, 胡忠义, 孙悦, 等. 用DNA 芯片快速检测结核分枝杆菌对利福平的耐药性. 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2001, 24: 551-554 .
16.	Godfrey-Faussett P, Githui W, Batchlsr B, et al. Recurrence of HIVrelated tuberculosis in an endemic area may be due to relapse or reinfection. Tuber Lung Dis, 1994, 75 : 199-202.
17.	Behr MA, Warren SA, Salamon WH, et al. Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from smear-negative for acid-fast bacilli. Lancet, 1999, 353: 441 -449.
18.	Lemaitre N, Sougakoff W, Truffot-Pernot G, et al. Use of DNA fingerprinting for primary surveillance of nosocomial tuberculosis in a large urban hospital: detection of outbreaks in homeless people and migrant workers. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 1998, 2: 390 -396.
19.	Zhang Y, Wallace RJ, Mazurek GH. Genetic differences between BCG substrains. Tuber Lung Dis, 1995, 76: 43-50 .
20.	van Soolingon D, Qian L, de Haas PEW, et al. Predominance of a single genotype of M. tuberculosis in countries of East Asia. J Clin Microbiol, 1995 , 33: 3234-3238.
21.	Palittapongarngin P, Luangsook P, Transuphaswadikul S, et al.Restriction fragment length polymorphism study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Thailand using IS6110 as probe. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 1997 , 1: 370-376 .
22.	Kiers A, Drost AP, van Soolingen D, et al. Use of DNA fingerprinting in international source case finding during a large outbreak of tuberculosis in the Netherland. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 1997, 1: 239 -245.
23.	Glynn JR, Whiteley J, Bifani PJ, et al. Worldwide occurrence of Beijing /W strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a systematic review. Emerg Infect Dis, 2002, 8 : 843-849 .
24.	Moss AR, Alland D, Telzak E, et al. A city-wide outbreak of a multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in New York. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 1997, 1: 115 -121.
25.	Wilson RW, Yang ZH, Kelley M, et al. Evidence from molecular fingerprinting of limited spread of drug resistant tuberculosis in Texas. J Clin Microbiol, 1999, 37: 3255-3259.
26.	Lemaitre N, Sougakoff W, Truffot-Pemot C, et al. Use of DNA fingerprinting for Primary surveillance of nosoeomial tubereulosis in a large urban hospital: Detection of outbreaks in homeless people and migrant workers. Int J Tub Lung Dis, 1998, 2: 390-396.
27.	Jasmer RM, Roemer M, Hamilton J, et al. A prospective, multicenter study of Laboratory cross-contamination of Mycobacterium tubereulosis cultures. Emerg Infect Dis, 2002, 8: 1260-1263.
28.	Dye C. Global epidemiology of tubereulosis. Lancet, 2006 , 367: 938 -940.

1. van Embden JD, Cave MD, Crawford JT, et al. Strain identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by DNA fingerprinting:recommendations for a standardized methodology. J Clin Microbiol,1993, 31: 406-409.
2. van Soolingen D, De Haas PE, Hermans PW, et al. Comparison of various repetitive DNA elements as genetic markers for strain differentiation and epidemiology of Mycoloacterium tuberculosis. J Clin Microbiol, 1993, 31: 1987-1995.
3. Singh SP, Salamon H, Lahti CJ, et al. Use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for molecular epidemiologic and population genetic studies Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Clin Microbiol, 1999, 37 :1927-1931.
4. van Soolingen D, Qian L, De Haas PE, et al. Predominance of a single genotype of M. tuberculosis in countries of East Asia. J Clin Microbiol, 1995 , 33: 3234-3238.
5. Richner SM, Meiring J, Kirby R. A study of the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from patients in the eastern province of South Africa using random amplified polymorphic DNA profiling. Electrophoresis, 1997 , 18 : 1570-1576.
6. Rodriguez JC, Royo G, Rodriguez-Valera F. Application of four molecular techniques for typing outbreak-associated Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. APMIS, 2000, 108 : 231-236.
7. Gonzalez N, Torres MJ, Palomares JC, et al. Characterization of the rpoB gene mutations in clinical isolates of rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin, 1998 ,16: 404-407.
8. Zaza S, Blumberg HM, Beck-Sague C, et al. Nosocomial transmission of M. tuberculosis: role of health care workers in outbreak propagation. J Infect Dis, 1995 , 172: 1542-1549.
9. Orita M, Suzuki Y, Sekiya T, et al. Rapid and sensitive detection of point mutations and DNA polymorphisms using the polymerase chain reaction. Genomics, 1989, 5 : 874-879 .
10. Yamazaki T, Haga S, Nakamura RM, et al. Detection of rifampicinresistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by a non-radioactive PCR-SSCP method. Kekkaku, 1996 , 71: 465-471.
11. Spurgiesz RS, Quitugua TN, Smith KL, et al. Molecular typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by using nine novel variable-number tandem repeats across the Beijing family and low-copy-number IS6110 isolates. J Clin Microbiol, 2003, 41 : 4224 -4230 .
12. Pease AC, Solas D, Sullivan EJ, et al. Light-generated oligonucleotide assay for rapid DNA sequence analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1994 , 91: 5022-5026.
13. Van Soolingen D, Qian L, De Haas PE, et al. Predominance of a single genotype of M. tuberculosis in countries of East Asia. J Clin Microbiol, 1995 , 33: 3234-3238.
14. Kato-Maeda M, Rhee JT, Gingeras TR, et al. Comparing genomes within the species Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Genome Res, 2001 ,11: 547-554 .
15. 景奉香, 胡忠义, 孙悦, 等. 用DNA 芯片快速检测结核分枝杆菌对利福平的耐药性. 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2001, 24: 551-554 .
16. Godfrey-Faussett P, Githui W, Batchlsr B, et al. Recurrence of HIVrelated tuberculosis in an endemic area may be due to relapse or reinfection. Tuber Lung Dis, 1994, 75 : 199-202.
17. Behr MA, Warren SA, Salamon WH, et al. Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from smear-negative for acid-fast bacilli. Lancet, 1999, 353: 441 -449.
18. Lemaitre N, Sougakoff W, Truffot-Pernot G, et al. Use of DNA fingerprinting for primary surveillance of nosocomial tuberculosis in a large urban hospital: detection of outbreaks in homeless people and migrant workers. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 1998, 2: 390 -396.
19. Zhang Y, Wallace RJ, Mazurek GH. Genetic differences between BCG substrains. Tuber Lung Dis, 1995, 76: 43-50 .
20. van Soolingon D, Qian L, de Haas PEW, et al. Predominance of a single genotype of M. tuberculosis in countries of East Asia. J Clin Microbiol, 1995 , 33: 3234-3238.
21. Palittapongarngin P, Luangsook P, Transuphaswadikul S, et al.Restriction fragment length polymorphism study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Thailand using IS6110 as probe. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 1997 , 1: 370-376 .
22. Kiers A, Drost AP, van Soolingen D, et al. Use of DNA fingerprinting in international source case finding during a large outbreak of tuberculosis in the Netherland. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 1997, 1: 239 -245.
23. Glynn JR, Whiteley J, Bifani PJ, et al. Worldwide occurrence of Beijing /W strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a systematic review. Emerg Infect Dis, 2002, 8 : 843-849 .
24. Moss AR, Alland D, Telzak E, et al. A city-wide outbreak of a multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in New York. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 1997, 1: 115 -121.
25. Wilson RW, Yang ZH, Kelley M, et al. Evidence from molecular fingerprinting of limited spread of drug resistant tuberculosis in Texas. J Clin Microbiol, 1999, 37: 3255-3259.
26. Lemaitre N, Sougakoff W, Truffot-Pemot C, et al. Use of DNA fingerprinting for Primary surveillance of nosoeomial tubereulosis in a large urban hospital: Detection of outbreaks in homeless people and migrant workers. Int J Tub Lung Dis, 1998, 2: 390-396.
27. Jasmer RM, Roemer M, Hamilton J, et al. A prospective, multicenter study of Laboratory cross-contamination of Mycobacterium tubereulosis cultures. Emerg Infect Dis, 2002, 8: 1260-1263.
28. Dye C. Global epidemiology of tubereulosis. Lancet, 2006 , 367: 938 -940.

Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

结核分枝杆菌的株水平鉴定和基因分型技术研究进展

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