Evidence-Based Treatment of a Patient with Advanced Prostate Cancer_Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Authors：

WANG Hui ¹ , DONG Birong ¹²

1.Deapartment of Geriatrics; West China Hospital of Sichuan University; Chendu 610041; China2.Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine & Clinical Epidemiology Center; Chengdu 610041;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

Evidence-based treatment; Advanced prostate cancer; Hormone-refractory prostate cancer

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Through searching and evaluating the evidence on advanced prostate cancer, we found that different types of androgen deprivation had similar effect, and immediate androgen deprivation had survival benefit. For the patient with hormone-refractory prostate cancer, therapies including mitoxantrone, prednisone, docetaxel and surmine were more effective. Strontium-89 provided more effective pain relief than external beam radiation. And bisphophonate had no effect. Antiandrogen withdrawal suggested prostate specific antigen would decline, but the clinical outcome wasn’t reported.

Citation： WANG Hui,DONG Birong. Evidence-Based Treatment of a Patient with Advanced Prostate Cancer. Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2005, 05(5): 415-418. doi: Copy

1.	Hedlund PO, Henriksson P. Parenteral estrogen versus total androgen ablation in the treatment of advanced prostate carcinoma: Effects on overall survival and cardiovascular mortality[J]. Urology, 2000; 55(3):328-332.
2.	Wilt T, Nair B, MacDonald R, Rutks I. Early versus deferred androgen suppression in the treatment of advanced prostatic cancer(Cochrane review)[M/CD]. In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2004. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
3.	Schmitt B, Bennett C, Seidenfeld J, Samson D, Wilt T. Maximal androgen blockade for advanced prostate cancer(Cochrane review)[M/CD]. In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2004. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
4.	Muthuramalingam SR, Patel K, Protheroe A. Management of patients with hormone refractory prostate cancer[J]. Clin Oncol,2004;16(8):505-516.
5.	Schellhammer PF, Venner P, Haas GP, Small EJ, Nieh PT, Seabaugh DR, Patterson AL, Klein E, Wajsman Z, Furr B, Chen Y, Kolvenbag GJCM. Prostate specific antigen decreases after withdrawal of antiandrogen therapy with bicalutamide or flutamide in patients receiving combined androgen blockade[J]. Journal of Urology,1997;15(5):1731-1735.
6.	Canil CM, Tannock IF. Is there a role for chemotherapy in prostate cancer[J]? Br J Cancer, 2004; 91(6):1005-1011.
7.	Moore MJ, Osoba D, Murphy K, Tannock IF, Armitage A, Findlay B, Coppin C, Neville A, Venner P, Wilson J. Use of palliative end points to evaluate the effects of mitoxantrone and low-dose prednisone in patients with hormonally resistant prostate cancer[J]. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 1994; 12(4): 689-694.
8.	Kantoff PW, Halabi S, Conaway M, Picus J, Kirshner J, Hars V, Trump D, Winer EP, Vogelzang NJ. Hydrocortisone with or without mitoxantrone in men with hormone-refractory prostate cancer: results of the cancer and leukemia group B 9182 study[J]. Journal of Clinical Oncology,1999; 17(8): 2506-2513.
9.	Tannock IF, de Wit R, Berry WR, Horti J, Pluzanska A, Chi KN, Oudard S, Theodore C, James ND, Turesson I, Rosenthal MA, Eisenberger MA; TAX 327 Investigators. Docetaxel plus prednisone or mitoxantrone plus prednisone for advanced prostate cancer[J]. N Engl J Med, 2004; 351(15): 1502-1512.
10.	Oh WK, Halabi S, Kelly WK, Werner C, Godley PA, Vogelzang NJ, Small EJ; Cancer and Leukemia Group B 99813. A phase II study of estramustine, docetaxel, and carboplatin with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor support in patients with hormone-refractory prostate carcinoma: Cancer and Leukemia Group B 99813[J]. Cancer, 2003; 98(12): 2592-2598.
11.	Small EJ, Halabi S, Ratain MJ, Rosner G, Stadler W, Palchak D, Marshall E, Rago R, Hars V, Wilding G, Petrylak D, Vogelzang NJ. Randomized study of three different doses of suramin administered with a fixed dosing schedule in patients with advanced prostate cancer: results of intergroup 0159, cancer and leukemia group B 9480[J]. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2002; 20(16): 3369-3375.
12.	Small EJ, Meyer M, Marshall ME, Reyno LM, Meyers FJ, Natale RB, Lenehan PF, Chen L, Slichenmyer WJ, Eisenberger M. Suramin ther apy for patients with symptomatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer: results of a randomized phase III trial comparing suramin plus hydrocortisone to placebo plus hydrocortisone[J]. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2000; 18(7): 1440-1450.
13.	Roque M, Martinez MJ, Alonso-Coello P, Catala E, Garcia JL, Ferrandiz M. Radioisotopes for metastatic bone pain (Cochrane review)[M/CD]. In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2004. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
14.	Roque M, Martinez MJ, Alonso-Coello P, Catala E, Garcia JL, Ferrandiz M. Radioisotopes for metastatic bone pain (Cochrane review)[M/CD]. In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2004. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
15.	Sciuto R, Festa A, Rea S, Pasqualoni R, Bergomi S, Petrilli G, Maini CL. Effects of low-dose cisplatin on 89Sr therapy for painful bone metastases from prostate cancer: a randomized clinical trial[J]. Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 2002; 43(1): 76-89.
16.	McQuay HJ, Collins SL, Carroll D, Moore RA. Radiotherapy for the palliation of painful bone metastases (Cochrane review)[M/CD]. In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2004. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
17.	Small EJ, Smith MR, Seaman JJ, Petrone S, Kowalski MO. Combined analysis of two multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled studies of pamidronate disodium for the palliation of bone pain in men with metastatic prostate cancer[J]. Journal of Clinical Oncology,2003; 21(23): 4277-4284.
18.	Dearnaley DP, Sydes MR, Mason MD, Stott M, Powell CS, Robinson AC, Thompson PM, Moffat LE, Naylor SL, Parmar MK, Mrc Pr05 Collaborators. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of oral sodium clodronate for metastatic prostate cancer (MRC PR05 Trial)[J]. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2003; 95(17): 1300-1311.
19.	Ernst DS, Tannock IF, Winquist EW, Venner PM, Reyno L, Moore MJ, Chi K, Ding K, Elliott C, Parulekar W. Randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of mitoxantrone/prednisone and clodronate versus mitoxantrone/prednisone and placebo in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer and pain[J]. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2003; 21(17): 3335-3342.

1. Hedlund PO, Henriksson P. Parenteral estrogen versus total androgen ablation in the treatment of advanced prostate carcinoma: Effects on overall survival and cardiovascular mortality[J]. Urology, 2000; 55(3):328-332.
2. Wilt T, Nair B, MacDonald R, Rutks I. Early versus deferred androgen suppression in the treatment of advanced prostatic cancer(Cochrane review)[M/CD]. In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2004. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
3. Schmitt B, Bennett C, Seidenfeld J, Samson D, Wilt T. Maximal androgen blockade for advanced prostate cancer(Cochrane review)[M/CD]. In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2004. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
4. Muthuramalingam SR, Patel K, Protheroe A. Management of patients with hormone refractory prostate cancer[J]. Clin Oncol,2004;16(8):505-516.
5. Schellhammer PF, Venner P, Haas GP, Small EJ, Nieh PT, Seabaugh DR, Patterson AL, Klein E, Wajsman Z, Furr B, Chen Y, Kolvenbag GJCM. Prostate specific antigen decreases after withdrawal of antiandrogen therapy with bicalutamide or flutamide in patients receiving combined androgen blockade[J]. Journal of Urology,1997;15(5):1731-1735.
6. Canil CM, Tannock IF. Is there a role for chemotherapy in prostate cancer[J]? Br J Cancer, 2004; 91(6):1005-1011.
7. Moore MJ, Osoba D, Murphy K, Tannock IF, Armitage A, Findlay B, Coppin C, Neville A, Venner P, Wilson J. Use of palliative end points to evaluate the effects of mitoxantrone and low-dose prednisone in patients with hormonally resistant prostate cancer[J]. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 1994; 12(4): 689-694.
8. Kantoff PW, Halabi S, Conaway M, Picus J, Kirshner J, Hars V, Trump D, Winer EP, Vogelzang NJ. Hydrocortisone with or without mitoxantrone in men with hormone-refractory prostate cancer: results of the cancer and leukemia group B 9182 study[J]. Journal of Clinical Oncology,1999; 17(8): 2506-2513.
9. Tannock IF, de Wit R, Berry WR, Horti J, Pluzanska A, Chi KN, Oudard S, Theodore C, James ND, Turesson I, Rosenthal MA, Eisenberger MA; TAX 327 Investigators. Docetaxel plus prednisone or mitoxantrone plus prednisone for advanced prostate cancer[J]. N Engl J Med, 2004; 351(15): 1502-1512.
10. Oh WK, Halabi S, Kelly WK, Werner C, Godley PA, Vogelzang NJ, Small EJ; Cancer and Leukemia Group B 99813. A phase II study of estramustine, docetaxel, and carboplatin with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor support in patients with hormone-refractory prostate carcinoma: Cancer and Leukemia Group B 99813[J]. Cancer, 2003; 98(12): 2592-2598.
11. Small EJ, Halabi S, Ratain MJ, Rosner G, Stadler W, Palchak D, Marshall E, Rago R, Hars V, Wilding G, Petrylak D, Vogelzang NJ. Randomized study of three different doses of suramin administered with a fixed dosing schedule in patients with advanced prostate cancer: results of intergroup 0159, cancer and leukemia group B 9480[J]. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2002; 20(16): 3369-3375.
12. Small EJ, Meyer M, Marshall ME, Reyno LM, Meyers FJ, Natale RB, Lenehan PF, Chen L, Slichenmyer WJ, Eisenberger M. Suramin ther apy for patients with symptomatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer: results of a randomized phase III trial comparing suramin plus hydrocortisone to placebo plus hydrocortisone[J]. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2000; 18(7): 1440-1450.
13. Roque M, Martinez MJ, Alonso-Coello P, Catala E, Garcia JL, Ferrandiz M. Radioisotopes for metastatic bone pain (Cochrane review)[M/CD]. In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2004. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
14. Roque M, Martinez MJ, Alonso-Coello P, Catala E, Garcia JL, Ferrandiz M. Radioisotopes for metastatic bone pain (Cochrane review)[M/CD]. In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2004. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
15. Sciuto R, Festa A, Rea S, Pasqualoni R, Bergomi S, Petrilli G, Maini CL. Effects of low-dose cisplatin on 89Sr therapy for painful bone metastases from prostate cancer: a randomized clinical trial[J]. Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 2002; 43(1): 76-89.
16. McQuay HJ, Collins SL, Carroll D, Moore RA. Radiotherapy for the palliation of painful bone metastases (Cochrane review)[M/CD]. In: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2004. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
17. Small EJ, Smith MR, Seaman JJ, Petrone S, Kowalski MO. Combined analysis of two multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled studies of pamidronate disodium for the palliation of bone pain in men with metastatic prostate cancer[J]. Journal of Clinical Oncology,2003; 21(23): 4277-4284.
18. Dearnaley DP, Sydes MR, Mason MD, Stott M, Powell CS, Robinson AC, Thompson PM, Moffat LE, Naylor SL, Parmar MK, Mrc Pr05 Collaborators. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of oral sodium clodronate for metastatic prostate cancer (MRC PR05 Trial)[J]. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2003; 95(17): 1300-1311.
19. Ernst DS, Tannock IF, Winquist EW, Venner PM, Reyno L, Moore MJ, Chi K, Ding K, Elliott C, Parulekar W. Randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of mitoxantrone/prednisone and clodronate versus mitoxantrone/prednisone and placebo in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer and pain[J]. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2003; 21(17): 3335-3342.

Chinese Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine

Evidence-Based Treatment of a Patient with Advanced Prostate Cancer

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