老年高血压研究进展_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

刘凯 , 冯佳越 ,  陈晓平

Corresponding author：

陈晓平, Email: xyq168454@163.com

Keywords：

高血压; 老年人; 动脉僵硬度; 盐敏感; 高血压治疗

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

老年高血压人群是高血压患者中的一个特殊群体。与年轻患者相比，老年人高血压的机制、特点、干预措施有所不同。现就老年高血压的最新认识及其研究进展，包括其概念、特点、循证医学及其干预措施作一综述。

Citation： 刘凯,冯佳越,陈晓平. 老年高血压研究进展. West China Medical Journal, 2012, 27(11): 1725-1728. doi: Copy

1.	Aronow WS, Fleg JL, Pepine CJ, et al. ACCF/AHA 2011 expert consensus document on hypertension in the elderly[J]. JACC, 2011, 57(20): 2037-2114.
2.	Blacher J, Staessen JA, Girerd X, et al. Pulse pressure not mean pressure determines cardiovascular risk in older hypertensive patients[J]. Arch Intern Med, 2000, 160(8): 1085-1089.
3.	Franklin SS, Larson MG, Khan SA, et al. Does the relation of blood pressure to coronary heart disease risk change with aging? The Framingham Heart Study[J]. Circulation, 2001, 103(9): 1245-1249.
4.	Franklin SS, Lopez VA, Wong ND, et al. Single versus combined blood pressure components and risk for cardiovascular disease: the Framingham Heart Study[J]. Circulation, 2009, 119(2): 243-250.
5.	Bagrov AY, Lakatta EG. The dietary sodium-blood pressure plot "stiffens"[J]. Hypertension, 2004, 44(1): 22-24.
6.	Rosenthal T, Shamiss A, Holtzman E. Dietary electrolytes and hypertension in the elderly[J]. Int Urol Nephrol, 2001, 33(3): 575-582.
7.	Schiffrin EL. Vascular endothelin in hypertension[J]. Vascul Pharmacol, 2005, 43(1): 19-29.
8.	Sacks FM, Svetkey LP, Vollmer MW, et al. DASH-Sodium collaborative research group.effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary Sodium and the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet[J]. N Engl J Med, 2001, 344(1): 3-10.
9.	Whelton PK, Appel LJ, Espeland MA, et al. Sodium reduction and weight loss in the treatment of hypertension in older persons: a randomized controlled trial of nonpharmacologic interventions in the elderly (TONE). TONE Collaborative Research Group[J]. JAMA, 1998, 279(11): 839-846.
10.	Gates PE, Tanaka H, Hiatt WR, et al. Dietary Sodium restriction rapidly improves large elastic artery compliance in older adults with systolic hypertension[J]. Hypertension, 2004, 44(1): 35-41.
11.	Duprez DA. Systolic hypertension in the elderly: addressing an unmet need[J]. Am J Med, 2008, 121(3): 179-184.e3.
12.	Chobanian AV. Clinical practice. Isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly[J]. N Engl J Med, 2007, 357(8): 789-796.
13.	Franklin SS, Pio JR, Wong ND, et al. Predictors of new-onset diastolic and systolic hypertension: the Framingham Heart Study[J]. Circulation, 2005, 111(9): 1121-1127.
14.	O’rourke MF, Nichols WW. Aortic diameter, aortic stiffness, and wave reflection increase with age and isolated systolic hypertension[J]. Hypertension, 2005, 45(4): 652-658.
15.	Franklin SS. Arterial stiffness and hypertension: a two-way street?[J]. Hypertension, 2005, 45(3): 349-351.
16.	Wallace SM, Mceniery CM, Mäki-Petäjä KM, et al. Isolated systolic hypertension is characterized by increased aortic stiffness and endothelial dysfunction[J]. Hypertension, 2007, 50(1): 228-233.
17.	Manios ED, Koroboki EA, Tsivgoulis GK, et al. Factors influencing white-coat effect[J]. Am J Hypertens, 2008, 21(2): 153-158.
18.	Jumabay M, Ozawa Y, Kawamura H, et al. White coat hypertension in centenarians[J]. Am J Hypertens, 2005, 18(8): 1040-1045.
19.	Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR. The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure. The JNC 7 report[J]. JAMA, 2003, 12(4): 31-32.
20.	Staessen JA, Gasowski J, Wang JG, et al. Risks of untreated and treated isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly: meta-analysis of outcome trials[J]. Lancet, 2000, 355(9207): 865-872.
21.	Beckett NS, Peters R, Fletcher AE, et al. Treatment of hypertension in patients 80 years of age or older[J]. N Engl J Med, 2008, 358(18): 1887-1898.
22.	Perry HM Jr, Davis BR, Price TR, et al. Effect of treating isolated systolic hypertension on the risk of developing various types and subtypes of stroke: the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP)[J]. JAMA, 2000, 284(4): 465-471.
23.	Hansson L, Lindholm LH, Ekbom T, et al. Randomised trial of old and new antihypertensive drugs in elderly patients: cardiovascular mortality and morbidity the Swedish trial in old patients with hypertension-2 study[J]. Lancet, 1999; 354(9192): 1751-1756.
24.	Ogihara T, Saruta T, Rakugi H, et al. Target blood pressure for treatment of isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly: valsartan in elderly isolated systolic hypertension study[J]. Hypertension, 2010, 56(2): 196-202.
25.	Denardo SJ, Gong Y, Nichols WW, et al. Blood pressure and outcomes in very old hypertensive coronary artery disease patients: an INVEST substudy[J]. Am J Med, 2010, 123(8): 719-726.
26.	ACCORD Study Group, Cushman WC, Evans GW, et al. Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus[J]. N Engl J Med, 2010, 362(17): 1575-1585.
27.	Cooper-Dehoff RM, Gong Y, Handberg EM, et al. Tight blood pressure control and cardiovascular outcomes among hypertensive patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease[J]. JAMA, 2010, 304(1): 61-68.
28.	Jamerson K, Weber MA, Bakris GL, et al. Benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension in high-risk patients[J]. N Engl J Med, 2008, 359(23): 2417-2428.
29.	Nesbitt SD. Nitrates as adjunct hypertensive treatment: a possible answer to resistant systolic hypertension[J]. Hypertension, 2005, 45(3): 352-353.

1. 　Aronow WS, Fleg JL, Pepine CJ, et al. ACCF/AHA 2011 expert consensus document on hypertension in the elderly[J]. JACC, 2011, 57(20): 2037-2114.
2. 　Blacher J, Staessen JA, Girerd X, et al. Pulse pressure not mean pressure determines cardiovascular risk in older hypertensive patients[J]. Arch Intern Med, 2000, 160(8): 1085-1089.
3. 　Franklin SS, Larson MG, Khan SA, et al. Does the relation of blood pressure to coronary heart disease risk change with aging? The Framingham Heart Study[J]. Circulation, 2001, 103(9): 1245-1249.
4. 　Franklin SS, Lopez VA, Wong ND, et al. Single versus combined blood pressure components and risk for cardiovascular disease: the Framingham Heart Study[J]. Circulation, 2009, 119(2): 243-250.
5. 　Bagrov AY, Lakatta EG. The dietary sodium-blood pressure plot "stiffens"[J]. Hypertension, 2004, 44(1): 22-24.
6. 　Rosenthal T, Shamiss A, Holtzman E. Dietary electrolytes and hypertension in the elderly[J]. Int Urol Nephrol, 2001, 33(3): 575-582.
7. 　Schiffrin EL. Vascular endothelin in hypertension[J]. Vascul Pharmacol, 2005, 43(1): 19-29.
8. 　Sacks FM, Svetkey LP, Vollmer MW, et al. DASH-Sodium collaborative research group.effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary Sodium and the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet[J]. N Engl J Med, 2001, 344(1): 3-10.
9. 　Whelton PK, Appel LJ, Espeland MA, et al. Sodium reduction and weight loss in the treatment of hypertension in older persons: a randomized controlled trial of nonpharmacologic interventions in the elderly (TONE). TONE Collaborative Research Group[J]. JAMA, 1998, 279(11): 839-846.
10. 　Gates PE, Tanaka H, Hiatt WR, et al. Dietary Sodium restriction rapidly improves large elastic artery compliance in older adults with systolic hypertension[J]. Hypertension, 2004, 44(1): 35-41.
11. 　Duprez DA. Systolic hypertension in the elderly: addressing an unmet need[J]. Am J Med, 2008, 121(3): 179-184.e3.
12. 　Chobanian AV. Clinical practice. Isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly[J]. N Engl J Med, 2007, 357(8): 789-796.
13. 　Franklin SS, Pio JR, Wong ND, et al. Predictors of new-onset diastolic and systolic hypertension: the Framingham Heart Study[J]. Circulation, 2005, 111(9): 1121-1127.
14. 　O’rourke MF, Nichols WW. Aortic diameter, aortic stiffness, and wave reflection increase with age and isolated systolic hypertension[J]. Hypertension, 2005, 45(4): 652-658.
15. 　Franklin SS. Arterial stiffness and hypertension: a two-way street?[J]. Hypertension, 2005, 45(3): 349-351.
16. 　Wallace SM, Mceniery CM, Mäki-Petäjä KM, et al. Isolated systolic hypertension is characterized by increased aortic stiffness and endothelial dysfunction[J]. Hypertension, 2007, 50(1): 228-233.
17. 　Manios ED, Koroboki EA, Tsivgoulis GK, et al. Factors influencing white-coat effect[J]. Am J Hypertens, 2008, 21(2): 153-158.
18. 　Jumabay M, Ozawa Y, Kawamura H, et al. White coat hypertension in centenarians[J]. Am J Hypertens, 2005, 18(8): 1040-1045.
19. 　Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR. The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure. The JNC 7 report[J]. JAMA, 2003, 12(4): 31-32.
20. 　Staessen JA, Gasowski J, Wang JG, et al. Risks of untreated and treated isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly: meta-analysis of outcome trials[J]. Lancet, 2000, 355(9207): 865-872.
21. 　Beckett NS, Peters R, Fletcher AE, et al. Treatment of hypertension in patients 80 years of age or older[J]. N Engl J Med, 2008, 358(18): 1887-1898.
22. 　Perry HM Jr, Davis BR, Price TR, et al. Effect of treating isolated systolic hypertension on the risk of developing various types and subtypes of stroke: the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP)[J]. JAMA, 2000, 284(4): 465-471.
23. 　Hansson L, Lindholm LH, Ekbom T, et al. Randomised trial of old and new antihypertensive drugs in elderly patients: cardiovascular mortality and morbidity the Swedish trial in old patients with hypertension-2 study[J]. Lancet, 1999; 354(9192): 1751-1756.
24. 　Ogihara T, Saruta T, Rakugi H, et al. Target blood pressure for treatment of isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly: valsartan in elderly isolated systolic hypertension study[J]. Hypertension, 2010, 56(2): 196-202.
25. 　Denardo SJ, Gong Y, Nichols WW, et al. Blood pressure and outcomes in very old hypertensive coronary artery disease patients: an INVEST substudy[J]. Am J Med, 2010, 123(8): 719-726.
26. 　ACCORD Study Group, Cushman WC, Evans GW, et al. Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus[J]. N Engl J Med, 2010, 362(17): 1575-1585.
27. 　Cooper-Dehoff RM, Gong Y, Handberg EM, et al. Tight blood pressure control and cardiovascular outcomes among hypertensive patients with diabetes and coronary artery disease[J]. JAMA, 2010, 304(1): 61-68.
28. 　Jamerson K, Weber MA, Bakris GL, et al. Benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension in high-risk patients[J]. N Engl J Med, 2008, 359(23): 2417-2428.
29. 　Nesbitt SD. Nitrates as adjunct hypertensive treatment: a possible answer to resistant systolic hypertension[J]. Hypertension, 2005, 45(3): 352-353.

West China Medical Journal

老年高血压研究进展

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