【摘要】 目的 了解新护士的心理健康状况及应付方式。 方法 采用心理卫生自评量表（SCL-90）和应付方式量表对2008年1月-2009年12月新上岗的64名护士进行测查。 结果 新护士强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性因子分、总均分及阳性项目数与全国常模比较偏高，差异有统计学意义（P lt;0.05）；SCL-90阳性者与阴性者应付方式比较，阳性者自责、幻想、退避、合理化因子均分均高于阴性者，差异有统计学意义（P lt;0.01）；新护士应付方式各因子均分、退避、幻想、自责因子均高于吴超等人的研究（P lt;0.05）。 结论 新护士心理健康状况低于一般人群；较其他年龄段护士更多采用不成熟应付方式；成熟应付方式有益心理健康。护理管理者应重视新护士心理健康，引导新护士多采取成熟应付方式，提高心理健康水平。
【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the psychological states of new nurses and their coping styles. Methods Sixty-four nurses starting work between January 2008 and October 2009 in our hospital were investigated by Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and Coping Style Questionnaire. Results The scores of compulsion and mental disorder, average score, and the number of positive items were statistically higher than the national norm of China (P lt;0.001). The scores of athymia, anxiety, hostility, and phobia factors were higher than the national norm (P lt;0.01). The score of paranoid factor was also statistically higher than the national norm (P lt;0.05). Based on the results of SCL-90, we found that the scores of factors of self-accusation, fantasy, back-off (P lt;0.05) and the factor of rationalization (P lt;0.01) in the positive group were significantly higher than those of the negative group. Compared with the result of the research made by WU Chao and his colleges, the average scores of such factors as back-off (P lt;0.001), fantasy (P lt;0.01) and self-accusation (P lt;0.05) were statistically higher in the study group than those in the control group. Conclusion The psychological states of new nurses are worse than the general population. Compared with older nurses, new nurses are more inclined to use immature coping styles. Mature coping styles are favorable to their psychological states. The nursing regulators should pay more attention to the psychological states of new nurses and guide them to use mature coping styles to improve their psychological states.
Citation： WANG Haiyan,YANG Xinghua,CHEN Ke,ZHU Tao,PU Xiachun,CHEN Bojiang. Analysis of Psychological States of New Nurses and Their Coping Styles. West China Medical Journal, 2011, 26(3): 457-459. doi: Copy