【摘要】 目的 分析临床实习对护理本科生专业认同的影响，探讨提高专业认同的措施。 方法 2010年6—10月，对某综合性大学60名2007级普通全日制护理本科生进行抽样调查，评价其实习前1个月和实习后3个月的专业认同情况，比较实习前、后的变化并分析影响因素。 结果 实习后专业认同的专业价值观得分[（3.13±0.85）分]高于实习前[（2.78±1.00）分]，实验专业期望得分[（12.09±2.13）分]低于实习前[（13.13±1.30）分]，差异有统计学意义（P=0.045，0.002）；而专业认识、情感、意志、技能和专业认同总分方面，实习前、后差异无统计学意义（P gt;0.05）；其影响因素由强到弱依次为:带教老师（37.04%）、实际的护理工作（33.33%）、实习科室（22.22%）、他人态度（7.41%）。 结论 临床实习可提高护理本科生的专业价值观，带教老师及实际护理工作对专业认同影响较大。
【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the effect of clinical practice on student nurses’ professional identity and explore measures to develop their professional identity. Methods Convenience sampling was used to select 60 general full-time student nurses who entered a comprehensive university in 2007. Then we assessed their professional identity at the time of one month before, and three months after clinical practice, compared the two results, and analyzed the related factors. Results The score of professional value dimension after clinical practice was higher than before (3.13±0.85 vs. 2.78±1.00, P=0.045), while the professional expectation dimension was lower than before (12.09±2.13 vs. 13.13±1.30, P=0.002), and the differences in above-mentioned indexes were statistically significant. There was no statistical difference before and after clinical practice in professional knowledge, professional affection, professional volition, professional skill dimensions, and total score of professional identity (P gt;0.05). The related factors in a order from b to weak were clinical teacher (37.04%), practice work (33.33%), training department (22.22%), and others’ attitudes (7.41%). Conclusion Clinical practice may improve professional values but impair professional expectations of the student nurses, and clinical teacher and practice work have a great effect on student nurses’ professional identity.
Citation：
CHEN Fengjiao,ZHANG Xiaoyan,HU Qiulan,WANG Zhengdong,LI Jiping. Effect of Clinical Practice on Student Nurses’ Professional Identity. West China Medical Journal, 2011, 26(5): 770-772. doi:
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郝玉芳, 刘玲, 刘晓虹. 在读护生的职业认同研究[J]. 心理科学, 2008, 31(5): 1154-1157.
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李红, 沈宁, 何仲, 等. 护理本科生专业态度及其影响因素的研究[J]. 中华护理教育, 2006, 3(1): 22-24.
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杨朝霞, 杨洪菊, 袁恒兰, 等. 临床见习对护理本科生职业态度影响的研究[J]. 护理管理杂志, 2007, 7(9): 3-5.
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李斌, 刘革新. 实习护生职业态度及相关因素调查分析[J]. 护理学杂志,2007, 22(1): 52-54.
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王海廷.专科护理专业学生专业认同感影响因素调查[J]. 预防医学论坛, 2009, 15(10): 927-929.
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周丽云, 姜芬. 专业认同与学业自我效能对护生学习倦怠的影响[J]. 护理学杂志综合版, 2010(3): 69-71.
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Shakespeare P, Webb C. Professional identity as a resource for talk:exploring the mentor-student relationship[J]. Nurs Inq, 2008, 15(4): 270-279.
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赵然, 梁虹. 护理专业大学生素质教育方法初探[J]. 护士进修杂志, 2000, 15(7): 508.
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Hsu LL. An analysis of clinical teacher behaviour in a nursing practices in Taiwan[J]. J Clin Nurs, 2006, 15(5): 619-628.
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Fagerberg I, Kihlgren M. Experiencing a nurse identity: the meaning of identity to Swedish registered nurses 2 year after graduation[J]. J Adv Nurs, 2001, 34(1): 137-145.
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魏敏, 张乐华. 社会支持对护士职业认同的影响研究[J]. 中国护理管理, 2009(6): 47-49.
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- 1. 魏淑华, 山显光. 国外教师职业认同的研究现状[J]. 外国教育研究, 2005, 32(3): 16-18.
- 2. 郝玉芳, 刘玲, 刘晓虹. 在读护生的职业认同研究[J]. 心理科学, 2008, 31(5): 1154-1157.
- 3. Dalton L. Use of clinical space as an indicator of student nurse’s professional development and changing need for support[J]. Nurse Educ Today, 2005, 25(2): 126-131.
- 4. Grealish L, Trevitt C. Developing a professional identity: student nurses in the workplace[J]. Contemp Nurse, 2005, 19(1-2): 137-150.
- 5. 李红, 沈宁, 何仲, 等. 护理本科生专业态度及其影响因素的研究[J]. 中华护理教育, 2006, 3(1): 22-24.
- 6. 杨朝霞, 杨洪菊, 袁恒兰, 等. 临床见习对护理本科生职业态度影响的研究[J]. 护理管理杂志, 2007, 7(9): 3-5.
- 7. 李斌, 刘革新. 实习护生职业态度及相关因素调查分析[J]. 护理学杂志,2007, 22(1): 52-54.
- 8. 胡忠华. 四川省护理本科生专业认同调查分析[D]. 成都: 四川大学华西护理学院, 2007.
- 9. 王海廷.专科护理专业学生专业认同感影响因素调查[J]. 预防医学论坛, 2009, 15(10): 927-929.
- 10. 周丽云, 姜芬. 专业认同与学业自我效能对护生学习倦怠的影响[J]. 护理学杂志综合版, 2010(3): 69-71.
- 11. Shakespeare P, Webb C. Professional identity as a resource for talk:exploring the mentor-student relationship[J]. Nurs Inq, 2008, 15(4): 270-279.
- 12. 赵然, 梁虹. 护理专业大学生素质教育方法初探[J]. 护士进修杂志, 2000, 15(7): 508.
- 13. Hsu LL. An analysis of clinical teacher behaviour in a nursing practices in Taiwan[J]. J Clin Nurs, 2006, 15(5): 619-628.
- 14. Fagerberg I, Kihlgren M. Experiencing a nurse identity: the meaning of identity to Swedish registered nurses 2 year after graduation[J]. J Adv Nurs, 2001, 34(1): 137-145.
- 15. 魏敏, 张乐华. 社会支持对护士职业认同的影响研究[J]. 中国护理管理, 2009(6): 47-49.
