Quality of Life in The Patients Received Total Thyroidectomy for Nodular Goiter_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

WANG Huiyuan , WANG Xiaohui , LI Fei ,  LUO Bin

Department of General Surgery， Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University， Beijing 100053， China;

Corresponding author：

LUO Bin, Email: luobin@xwh.ccmu.edu.cn

Keywords：

Nodular goiter; Total thyroidectomy; Quality of life; Euro quality of life-5D

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Objective 　To evaluate the impact of total thyroidectomy on health-related quality of life （HRQOL） in patients with nodular goiter.
Methods 　The patients who underwent total thyroidectomy from Jan. 2009 to Dec. 2011 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed with regard to the quality of life （total thyroidectomy group）. The patients with similar demographic features who underwent hemithyroidectomy during the same period were matched as control （hemi-thyroidectomy group）. The validated HRQOL instrument， which was the Euro quality of life-5D （EQ-5D）， was applied to measure the HRQOL. Comparison of HRQOL in patients of 2 groups was performed， meanwhile， the data of total thyroidectomy group was compared with data of normal population who were obtained from The Forth National Health Survey.
Results 　There were 26 and 28 valid questionnaires returned for the total thyroidectomy group and hemithyroi-
dectomy group respectively. The demographic features of patients in 2 groups were comparable. No significant variance
could be found between the 2 groups that there were no significant differences on the mobility， self-care， usual activities，
pain/discomfort， anxiety/depression， and visual analogous scales （P＞0.05）. Furthermore， no significant differences in HRQOL were found in EQ-5D questionnaire compared with normal population derived from The Forth National Health Survey （P＞0.05）， except that there were more patients complained of moderate and severe pain/discomfort in the total thyroidectomy group 〔30.8% （8/26） vs.9.2% （16 330/177 501）， P＜0.01〕.
Conclusion 　Total thyroidectomy appears to have little impact on the quality of life in the patients with nodular goiter.

Citation： WANG Huiyuan,WANG Xiaohui,LI Fei,LUO Bin. Quality of Life in The Patients Received Total Thyroidectomy for Nodular Goiter. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2013, 20(10): 1122-1126. doi: Copy

1.	Barczyński M， Konturek A， Stopa M， et al. Total thyroidectomy for benign thyroid disease：is it really worthwhile?[J]. Ann Surg， 2011， 254(5)：724-729.
2.	Efremidou EI， Papageorgiou MS， Liratzopoulos N， et al. The efficacy and safety of total thyroidectomy in the management of benign thyroid disease：a review of 932 cases[J]. Can J Surg， 2009， 52(1)：39-44.
3.	王会元，王晓辉，李非，等. 甲状腺全切除术的适应证及安全性分析[J]. 中国普外基础与临床杂志， 2013， 20(4)：427-431.
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5.	徐先发，唐玲，李洪跃，等. 甲状腺全切除术的安全性及有效性探讨[J]. 临床外科杂志， 2010， 18(5)：329-331.
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12.	Schmitz-Winnenthal FH， Schimmack S， Lawrence B， et al. Quality of life is not influenced by the extent of surgery in patients with benign goiter[J]. Langenbecks Arch Surg， 2011， 396(8)：1157-1163.
13.	Shah MD， Witterick IJ， Eski SJ， et al. Quality of life in patients undergoing thyroid surgery[J]. J Otolaryngol， 2006， 35(4)：209-215.
14.	Malterling RR， Andersson RE， Falkmer S， et al. Differentiated thyroid cancer in a Swedish county—long-term results and quality of life[J]. Acta Oncol， 2010， 49(4)：454-459.
15.	Pelttari H， Sintonen H， Schalin-Jäntti C， et al. Health-related quality of life in long-term follow-up of patients with cured TNM stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ differentiated thyroid carcinoma[J]. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)， 2009， 70(3)：493-497.
16.	Mazzaferri EL， Jhiang SM. Long-term impact of initial surgicaland medical therapy on papillary and follicular thyroid cancer[J]. Am J Med， 1994， 97(5)：418-428.
17.	Pelizzo MR， Boschin IM， Toniato A， et al. Papillary thyroid carcinoma：35-year outcome and prognostic factors in 1 858patients[J]. Clin Nucl Med， 2007， 32(6)：440-444.
18.	Bilimoria KY， Bentrem DJ， Ko CY， et al. Extent of surgeryaffects survival for papillary thyroid cancer[J]. Ann Surg， 2007， 246(3)：375-381.
19.	NCCN. NCCN guideline[EB/OL]. 2012-12-20. http：//www. nccn. org/professionals/physician_gls/f_guidelines. aspthyroid.
20.	Cooper DS， Doherty GM， Haugen BR， et al. Revised American thyroid association management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer[J]. Thyroid， 2009， 19(11)：1167-1214.
21.	Vaiman M， Nagibin A， Olevson J. Complications in primary and completed thyroidectomy[J]. Surg Today， 2010， 40(2)：114-118.
22.	Barczyński M， Konturek A， Hubalewska-Dydejczyk A， et al. Five-year follow-up of a randomized clinical trial of total thyroidectomy versus Dunhill operation versus bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy for multinodular nontoxic goiter[J]. World J Surg， 2010， 34(6)：1203-1213.
23.	Sosa JA， Bowman HM， Tielsch JM， et al. The importance of surgeon experience for clinical and economic outcomes fromthyroidectomy[J]. Ann Surg， 1998， 228(3)：320-330.
24.	Watt T， Bjorner JB， Groenvold M， et al. Establishing construct validity for the thyroid-specific patient reported outcome measure (ThyPRO)：an initial examination[J]. Qual Life Res， 2009， 18(4)：483-496.
25.	Watt T， Hegedüs L， Groenvold M， et al. Validity and reliability of the novel thyroid-specific quality of life questionnaire， ThyPRO[J]. Eur J Endocrinol， 2010， 162(1)：161-167.

1. Barczyński M， Konturek A， Stopa M， et al. Total thyroidectomy for benign thyroid disease：is it really worthwhile?[J]. Ann Surg， 2011， 254(5)：724-729.
2. Efremidou EI， Papageorgiou MS， Liratzopoulos N， et al. The efficacy and safety of total thyroidectomy in the management of benign thyroid disease：a review of 932 cases[J]. Can J Surg， 2009， 52(1)：39-44.
3. 王会元，王晓辉，李非，等. 甲状腺全切除术的适应证及安全性分析[J]. 中国普外基础与临床杂志， 2013， 20(4)：427-431.
4. 邵堂雷，杨卫平，丁家增，等. 双侧结节性甲状腺肿手术方式的探讨[J]. 中华普通外科杂志， 2008， 23(12)：939-942.
5. 徐先发，唐玲，李洪跃，等. 甲状腺全切除术的安全性及有效性探讨[J]. 临床外科杂志， 2010， 18(5)：329-331.
6. 孙团起，吴毅. 甲状腺结节手术适应证和术式选择[J]. 中国普外基础与临床杂志， 2011， 18(8)：803-805.
7. 郑泽霖，孙辉，盖宝东. 甲状腺疾病外科治疗的热点和难点[J]. 中国普外基础与临床杂志， 2008， 15(5)：307-310.
8. 魏涛，朱精强. 甲状腺手术理念进展与新型手术器械在甲状腺外科中的应用[J]. 中国普外基础与临床杂志， 2011， 18(2)：220-224.
9. 李明晖，罗南. 欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D)中文版应用介绍[J]. 中国药物经济学， 2009， (1)：49-57.
10. 卫生部统计信息中心. 2008中国卫生服务调查研究(第四次家庭健康询问调查分析报告)[R]. 北京：中国协和医科大学出版社， 2009：17-19.
11. 于晓会，单忠艳. 甲状腺结节的病因与流行病学趋势[J]. 中国普外基础与临床杂志， 2011， 18(8)：800-802.
12. Schmitz-Winnenthal FH， Schimmack S， Lawrence B， et al. Quality of life is not influenced by the extent of surgery in patients with benign goiter[J]. Langenbecks Arch Surg， 2011， 396(8)：1157-1163.
13. Shah MD， Witterick IJ， Eski SJ， et al. Quality of life in patients undergoing thyroid surgery[J]. J Otolaryngol， 2006， 35(4)：209-215.
14. Malterling RR， Andersson RE， Falkmer S， et al. Differentiated thyroid cancer in a Swedish county—long-term results and quality of life[J]. Acta Oncol， 2010， 49(4)：454-459.
15. Pelttari H， Sintonen H， Schalin-Jäntti C， et al. Health-related quality of life in long-term follow-up of patients with cured TNM stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ differentiated thyroid carcinoma[J]. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)， 2009， 70(3)：493-497.
16. Mazzaferri EL， Jhiang SM. Long-term impact of initial surgicaland medical therapy on papillary and follicular thyroid cancer[J]. Am J Med， 1994， 97(5)：418-428.
17. Pelizzo MR， Boschin IM， Toniato A， et al. Papillary thyroid carcinoma：35-year outcome and prognostic factors in 1 858patients[J]. Clin Nucl Med， 2007， 32(6)：440-444.
18. Bilimoria KY， Bentrem DJ， Ko CY， et al. Extent of surgeryaffects survival for papillary thyroid cancer[J]. Ann Surg， 2007， 246(3)：375-381.
19. NCCN. NCCN guideline[EB/OL]. 2012-12-20. http：//www. nccn. org/professionals/physician_gls/f_guidelines. aspthyroid.
20. Cooper DS， Doherty GM， Haugen BR， et al. Revised American thyroid association management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer[J]. Thyroid， 2009， 19(11)：1167-1214.
21. Vaiman M， Nagibin A， Olevson J. Complications in primary and completed thyroidectomy[J]. Surg Today， 2010， 40(2)：114-118.
22. Barczyński M， Konturek A， Hubalewska-Dydejczyk A， et al. Five-year follow-up of a randomized clinical trial of total thyroidectomy versus Dunhill operation versus bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy for multinodular nontoxic goiter[J]. World J Surg， 2010， 34(6)：1203-1213.
23. Sosa JA， Bowman HM， Tielsch JM， et al. The importance of surgeon experience for clinical and economic outcomes fromthyroidectomy[J]. Ann Surg， 1998， 228(3)：320-330.
24. Watt T， Bjorner JB， Groenvold M， et al. Establishing construct validity for the thyroid-specific patient reported outcome measure (ThyPRO)：an initial examination[J]. Qual Life Res， 2009， 18(4)：483-496.
25. Watt T， Hegedüs L， Groenvold M， et al. Validity and reliability of the novel thyroid-specific quality of life questionnaire， ThyPRO[J]. Eur J Endocrinol， 2010， 162(1)：161-167.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Quality of Life in The Patients Received Total Thyroidectomy for Nodular Goiter

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