Pregnancy after Liver Transplantation_CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Authors：

CHEN Zhen ¹ , WEN Tianfu. ²

Department of Obstetrics, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing 400013, China;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

Liver transplantation Pregnancy Complication

Video：

Export PDF Favorites Scan Get Citation

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

【Abstract】ObjectiveTo investigate the indications, maternal and fetal/neonatal risks and treatments of pregnancy after liver transplantation.
Methods The related published literatures were summarized and reviewed.
ResultsMost females can recover a regular menstrual cycle. Hypertension, preeclampsia, bacterial and viral infection resulted from immuno-suppression therapy and increasing rate of caesarian section are the major risks for the mother. Abortion and preterm delivery, premature rupture of fetal membrane, hypoadrenalism, abnormality, immune deficiency, hepatitis virus B and cytomegalovirus and bacterial infection are the major risks for the fetus/neonate.
ConclusionSatisfactory results can be obtained in most pregnancies after liver transplantation. Evaluation before gestation and surveillance during gestation by the related departments are mandatory. A guideline based on large cases is necessary for pregnancy after liver transplantation.

Citation： CHEN Zhen,WEN Tianfu.. Pregnancy after Liver Transplantation. CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY, 2006, 13(4): 487-489下转492. doi: Copy

1.	Mass K, Quint EH, Punch MR, et al. Gynecological and reproductive function after liver transplantation [J]. Transplantation, 1996; 62(4)∶476.
2.	EBPG Expert Group on Renal Transplantation. European best practice guidelines for renal transplantation. Section Ⅳ: Longterm management of the transplant recipient. Ⅳ.10. Pregnancy in renal transplant recipients [J]. Nephrol Dial Transplant， 2002; 17 Suppl 4∶1.
3.	Jain A, Venkataramanan R, Fung JJ, et al. Pregnancy after liver transplantation under tacrolimus [J]. Transplantation， 1997; 64(4)∶559.
4.	Braun N, Dette S, Viebahn R. Impairment of renal function following liver transplantation [J]. Transplant Proc， 2003; 35(4)∶1458.
5.	Sander M, Lyson T, Thomas GD, et al. Sympathetic neural mechanisms of cyclosporineinduced hypertension [J]. Am J Hypertens， 1996; 9(11)∶121S.
6.	Armenti VT, Herrine SK, Radomski JS, et al. Pregnancy after liver transplantation [J]. Liver Transpl， 2000; 6(6)∶671.
7.	Carr DB, Larson AM, Schmucker BC, et al. Maternal hemodynamics and pregnancy outcome in women with prior orthotopic liver transplantation [J]. Liver Transpl， 2000; 6(2)∶213.
8.	Sturgiss SN, Davison JM. Perinatal outcome in renal allograft recipients: prognostic significance of hypertension and renal function before and during pregnancy [J]. Obstet Gynecol， 1991; 78(4)∶573.
9.	Pruvot FR, Noel C. Comment on “Pregnancy after liver transplantation under tacrolimus” by Jain et al [J]. Transplantation， 1998; 65(10)∶1415.
10.	Pruvot FR, Declerck N, ValatRigot AS, et al. Pregnancy after liver transplantation: focusing on risks to the mother [J]. Transplant Proc， 1997; 29(5)∶2470.
11.	Armenti VT, Herrine SK, Moritz MJ. Reproductive function after liver transplantation [J]. Clin Liver Dis， 1997; 1(2)∶471.
12.	Ratanajamit C, Vinther Skriver M, Jepsen P, et al. Adverse pregnancy outcome in women exposed to acyclovir during pregnancy: a populationbased observational study [J]. Scand J Infect Dis， 2003; 35(4)∶255.
13.	Jain AB, Reyes J, Marcos A, et al. Pregnancy after liver transplantation with tacrolimus immunosuppression: a single center’s experience update at 13 years [J]. Transplantation， 2003; 76(5)∶827.
14.	Florman S, Schiano T, Kim L, et al. The incidence and significance of late acute cellular rejection (〖HT7〖JX-*7>HT61 000 days) after liver transplantation [J]. Clin Transplant， 2004; 18(2)∶152.
15.	Vennarecci G, Pisani F, Tisone G, et al. Kidney transplantation and pregnancy [J]. Transplant Proc， 1997; 29(7)∶2797.
16.	OldakowskaJedynak U, Niewczas M, Ziolkowski J, et al. Cytomegalovirus infection as a common complication following liver transplantation [J]. Transplant Proc， 2003; 35(6)∶2295.
17.	Seehofer D, Meisel H, Rayes N, et al. Prospective evaluation of the clinical utility of different methods for the detection of human cytomegalovirus disease after liver transplantation [J]. Am J Transplant， 2004; 4(8)∶1331.
18.	Revello MG, Gerna G. Diagnosis and management of human cytomegalovirus infection in the mother, fetus, and newborn infant [J]. Clin Microbiol Rev， 2002; 15(4)∶680.
19.	Fowler KB, Stagno S, Pass RF, et al. The outcome of congenital cytomegalovirus infection in relation to maternal antibody status [J]. N Engl J Med， 1992; 326(10)∶663.
20.	Schen FP, Stallone G, Schena A, et al. Pregnancy in renal transplantation: immunologic evaluation of neonates from mothers with transplanted kidney [J]. Transpl Immunol， 2002; 9(2-4)∶161.
21.	Laifer SA, Guido RS. Reproductive function and outcome of pregnancy after liver transplantation in women [J]. Mayo Clin Proc， 1995; 70(4)∶388.
22.	Tsai MY, Chang SY, Hsiu DY, et al. Pregnancy after orthotopic liver transplantation in a Chinese patient: a case report [J]. Changgeng Yi Xue Za Zhi， 1998; 21(1)∶67.

1. Mass K, Quint EH, Punch MR, et al. Gynecological and reproductive function after liver transplantation [J]. Transplantation, 1996; 62(4)∶476.
2. EBPG Expert Group on Renal Transplantation. European best practice guidelines for renal transplantation. Section Ⅳ: Longterm management of the transplant recipient. Ⅳ.10. Pregnancy in renal transplant recipients [J]. Nephrol Dial Transplant， 2002; 17 Suppl 4∶1.
3. Jain A, Venkataramanan R, Fung JJ, et al. Pregnancy after liver transplantation under tacrolimus [J]. Transplantation， 1997; 64(4)∶559.
4. Braun N, Dette S, Viebahn R. Impairment of renal function following liver transplantation [J]. Transplant Proc， 2003; 35(4)∶1458.
5. Sander M, Lyson T, Thomas GD, et al. Sympathetic neural mechanisms of cyclosporineinduced hypertension [J]. Am J Hypertens， 1996; 9(11)∶121S.
6. Armenti VT, Herrine SK, Radomski JS, et al. Pregnancy after liver transplantation [J]. Liver Transpl， 2000; 6(6)∶671.
7. Carr DB, Larson AM, Schmucker BC, et al. Maternal hemodynamics and pregnancy outcome in women with prior orthotopic liver transplantation [J]. Liver Transpl， 2000; 6(2)∶213.
8. Sturgiss SN, Davison JM. Perinatal outcome in renal allograft recipients: prognostic significance of hypertension and renal function before and during pregnancy [J]. Obstet Gynecol， 1991; 78(4)∶573.
9. Pruvot FR, Noel C. Comment on “Pregnancy after liver transplantation under tacrolimus” by Jain et al [J]. Transplantation， 1998; 65(10)∶1415.
10. Pruvot FR, Declerck N, ValatRigot AS, et al. Pregnancy after liver transplantation: focusing on risks to the mother [J]. Transplant Proc， 1997; 29(5)∶2470.
11. Armenti VT, Herrine SK, Moritz MJ. Reproductive function after liver transplantation [J]. Clin Liver Dis， 1997; 1(2)∶471.
12. Ratanajamit C, Vinther Skriver M, Jepsen P, et al. Adverse pregnancy outcome in women exposed to acyclovir during pregnancy: a populationbased observational study [J]. Scand J Infect Dis， 2003; 35(4)∶255.
13. Jain AB, Reyes J, Marcos A, et al. Pregnancy after liver transplantation with tacrolimus immunosuppression: a single center’s experience update at 13 years [J]. Transplantation， 2003; 76(5)∶827.
14. Florman S, Schiano T, Kim L, et al. The incidence and significance of late acute cellular rejection (〖HT7〖JX-*7>HT61 000 days) after liver transplantation [J]. Clin Transplant， 2004; 18(2)∶152.
15. Vennarecci G, Pisani F, Tisone G, et al. Kidney transplantation and pregnancy [J]. Transplant Proc， 1997; 29(7)∶2797.
16. OldakowskaJedynak U, Niewczas M, Ziolkowski J, et al. Cytomegalovirus infection as a common complication following liver transplantation [J]. Transplant Proc， 2003; 35(6)∶2295.
17. Seehofer D, Meisel H, Rayes N, et al. Prospective evaluation of the clinical utility of different methods for the detection of human cytomegalovirus disease after liver transplantation [J]. Am J Transplant， 2004; 4(8)∶1331.
18. Revello MG, Gerna G. Diagnosis and management of human cytomegalovirus infection in the mother, fetus, and newborn infant [J]. Clin Microbiol Rev， 2002; 15(4)∶680.
19. Fowler KB, Stagno S, Pass RF, et al. The outcome of congenital cytomegalovirus infection in relation to maternal antibody status [J]. N Engl J Med， 1992; 326(10)∶663.
20. Schen FP, Stallone G, Schena A, et al. Pregnancy in renal transplantation: immunologic evaluation of neonates from mothers with transplanted kidney [J]. Transpl Immunol， 2002; 9(2-4)∶161.
21. Laifer SA, Guido RS. Reproductive function and outcome of pregnancy after liver transplantation in women [J]. Mayo Clin Proc， 1995; 70(4)∶388.
22. Tsai MY, Chang SY, Hsiu DY, et al. Pregnancy after orthotopic liver transplantation in a Chinese patient: a case report [J]. Changgeng Yi Xue Za Zhi， 1998; 21(1)∶67.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF BASES AND CLINICS IN GENERAL SURGERY

Pregnancy after Liver Transplantation

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Format

Content