Objective To summarize the regulatory effect of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) on type H vessels angiogenesis of bone. Methods Recent domestic and foreign related literature about the regulation of ncRNA in type H vessels angiogenesis was widely reviewed and summarized. ResultsType H vessels is a special subtype of bone vessels with the ability to couple bone formation. At present, the research on ncRNA regulating type H vessels angiogenesis in bone diseases mainly focuses on microRNA, long ncRNA, and small interfering RNA, which can affect the expressions of hypoxia inducible factor 1α, platelet derived growth factor BB, slit guidance ligand 3, and other factors through their own unique ways of action, thus regulating type H vessels angiogenesis and participating in the occurrence and development of bone diseases. ConclusionAt present, the mechanism of ncRNA regulating bone type H vessels angiogenesis has been preliminarily explored. With the deepening of research, ncRNA is expected to be a new target for the diagnosis and treatment of vascular related bone diseases.
Objective To study the effect of local appl ication of different concentrations of nerve growth factor (NGF) on fracture heal ing, and to further search for the appropriate concentration gradient of NGF to promote fracture heal ing. Methods Seventy-five adult male Sprague Dawley rats, weighing (220.0 ± 2.5) g, were made the right tibia fracture model at 1 cm distal from the tibial tubercle and randomly divided into 5 groups (groups A, B, C, D, and E, n=15). Fractures were treated with 0.3 mL normal sal ine containing different concentration of NGF (0.006 48 × 10-2, 0.032 40 × 10-2, 0.162 00 ×10-2, and 0.810 00 × 10-2 μg/g) in groups A, B, C, and D, respectively, and the same amount of normal sal ine in group E. After2, 4, and 6 weeks, the specimens were harvested from 5 rats of each group to perform the biochemical test and histological observation. Before the rats were sacrificed, the arteriovenous blood was taken from the eye-ball to test the alkal ine phosphatase (ALP) activity. Results After 2, 4, and 6 weeks, the gross observation showed that the size and hardness of bone tissue and callus tissue growth gradually increased in groups A, B, C, and D, and group D was higher than groups A, B, C, and E. The X-ray films showed that the calcified area gradually increased in groups A, B, C, and D, and group D was higher than groups A, B, C, and E. The histological observation showed that the trabecular qual ity and maturity in group D were better than those in groups A, B, C, and E. Group D was significantly higher than groups A, B, C, and E (P lt; 0.05) in the gray values of callus tissue and the calcium content of callus tissue at 4 and 6 weeks, in the wet weight of callus tissue at 2 and 4 weeks, and in the ALP content of serum at 2 weeks. The trabecula surface index of osteoblast, the trabecular volume, and the trabecular width decreased as time in the order of groups A, B, C, and D, which were higher than those of group E; group D was the highest, showing significant differences when compared with the other groups (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion The local appl ication of NGF can promote fracture heal ing in rats. The high concentration gradient of NGF (0.810 00 × 10-2 μg/g) has an obvious promotion role on fracture heal ing.
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of external fixation (EF) and open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for unstable distal radius fractures in adults. Methods We searched MEDLINE (1966 to September 2008), Cochrane Central register of controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library, Issue 3, 2008), EMbase (1974 to September 2008), CBM, CNKI, and collected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of EF and ORIF for unstable distal radius fractures in adults. The quality of the included studies was critically assessed and data analyses were performed with the Cochrane Collaboration’s RevMan 5.0 software. Results Seven RCTs involving 634 patients were included, of which 269 were in EF group, and 293 were in ORIF group. Only 1 study had relative high quality, all the others had some limitation in randomization, blinding, and allocation concealment. The results of meta-analyses showed that, 1) about the effectiveness: according to the Gartland and Werley grade standard, the ORIF group was better than the EF group with statistic difference (RR=1.50, 95%CI 1.11 to 2.03, P=0.008); because of the original studies did not offer the detailed data including pad strength, grip strength, flexion-extension, radial deviation, and ulnar deviation, we only processed a descriptive analysis; and 2) about complications: the infection rate of the pin track was higher in the EF group than that in the ORIF group with statistic difference (RR=0.24, 95%CI 0.08 to 0.76, P=0.02); but there were no differences between the two groups in reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) (RR=0.88, 95%CI 0.30 to 2.56, P=0.82), extensor tendon rupture (RR=3.93, 95%CI 0.45 to 34.62, P=0.22), and compartment syndrome (RR=3.13, 95%CI 0.51 to 19.09, P=0.22). Conclusions Compared with EF, ORIF is much better based on Gartland and Werley grade standard, and causes much less infection. Because of the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more proofs are required from more RCTs with large sample.