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find Keyword "中央气道狭窄" 2 results
  • Clinical characteristics of dynamic benign tracheobtonchial stenosis: two cases report

    Objective To improve the knowledge on dynamic benign central airway stenosis through two typical cases. Methods The clinical features, imaging findings, and bronchial morphologic changes of two cases characterized by dynamic benign central airway stenosis were retrospectively analyzed. The etiologies for the two cases were tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) and excessive dynamic airway collapse (EDAC), respectively. Results Central airway stenosis and reversible airway obstruction were common clinical characteristics for the two cases. However, there were identifiable differences on imaging findings and bronchial morphologic changes between the two cases. Multidetector computed tomography showed sabre-sheath trachea and narrowed trachea in coronal position for TBM, while small sized trachea in exhalation phase and narrowed trachea in sagittal position for EDAC. Bronchoscopy displayed narrowed airway, swelling mucosa, and the absence of annular cartilage for TBM, while crescent airway with membranacea part protruding to lumen in inspiration phase, and the integrity of annular cartilage for EDAC. Conclusion Multidetector computed tomography and bronchoscopy examinations are valid methods to distinguish TBM and EDAC, which are both characterized by dynamic benign central airway stenosis.

    Release date:2018-05-28 09:22 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 自膨式金属支架对恶性气道疾病的疗效及影响术后生存的因素分析

    目的 探讨自膨式金属支架(self-expandable metallic stent,SEMS)治疗恶性气道疾病的疗效及影响支架置入术后生存的因素。方法 2020年2月—2022年6月在广安市人民医院住院治疗的恶性气道疾病患者,根据CSCO指南对患者进行抗肿瘤治疗的基础上,行SEMS置入治疗,收集患者的临床资料。数据用SPSS 23.0进行分析。P<0.05具有统计学意义。结果 共纳入54例患者,其中恶性中央气道狭窄(malignant central airway obstruction,MCAO)40例和恶性气管食管瘘(malignant tracheoesophageal fistula,MTEF)14例;咳嗽和呼吸困难为主要的临床表现;最常见的原发疾病为食管鳞状细胞癌、其次为肺鳞状细胞癌;合并肺炎的患者占87%,痰培养中最常见的病原菌为革兰阴性杆菌,其次为真菌。共置入支架58枚,其中直筒支架42枚、Y型支架16枚;支架置入后,气道狭窄程度较支架置入前明显改善,气促分级明显低于支架置入前,第一秒用力呼气容积明显高于支架置入前(P<0.05);SEMS置入后症状改善率为94.4%;3个月后总生存率为70.4%。多因素分析显示C反应蛋白浓度[OR=1.011,95%CI(1.001~1.020),P=0.016]为SEMS置入3个月后恶性气道疾病死亡的独立危险因素,白蛋白水平[OR=0.883,95%CI(0.781~0.997),P=0.045]为保护性因素。结论 SEMS在恶性气道疾病姑息性治疗中起着重要作用;支架置入前感染的有效控制、营养状况的改善对术后生存有利。

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