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find Keyword "主动脉壁间血肿" 4 results
  • 主动脉壁间血肿的诊断与治疗

    目的探索主动脉壁间血肿的诊断与治疗要点。 方法回顾性分析北京大学人民医院心外科2011年1月至2013年4月共收治5例主动脉壁间血肿患者的临床资料,其中男4例、女1例,年龄35~70岁。2例行药物治疗,1例行介入治疗,2例行外科手术治疗,其中1例行二次手术。分析其疗效和安全性。 结果全组患者住院时间11~34 d,均痊愈出院。2例行外科手术患者的住院时间分别为18 d与34 d。对全组随访1~20个月,随访结束时,患者均痊愈。 结论主动脉壁间血肿是一种需要积极治疗的急性主动脉病变,CT增强造影具有较高诊断价值。A型主动脉壁间血肿应积极外科手术替换病变血管,B型主动脉壁间血肿可以在严密随访下行药物治疗。如果患者同时合并主动脉溃疡等高危病变,可以选择腔内隔绝治疗。

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  • Surgical versus conservative treatment for acute type A aortic intramural hematoma: A retrospective cohort study

    ObjectiveTo compare the outcomes following emergency surgery or conservative treatment for patients with acute type A aortic intramural hematoma (IMH).MethodsClinical data of consecutive patients diagnosed with acute type A aortic IMH in our hospital from September 2014 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients who met our surgical indications received surgery (an operation group) and other patients received strict conservative treatment (a conservative treatment group).ResultsFinally 127 patients were enrolled, including 112 males and 15 females with an average age of 53.6±13.0 years. Of 127 patients, 85 (66.9%) patients accepted emergency surgery and 42 (33.1%) patients accepted strict conservative treatment. There was no difference between the two groups in early mortality or complications (P>0.05). The 5-year survival rate was 90.4% in the operation group and 74.3% in the conservative treatment group (P=0.010). A maximum aortic diameter in the ascending aorta and aortic arch≥45 mm and maximum thickness of IMH in the same section≥8 mm were risk factors for IMH-related death in patients undergoing conservative treatment (P<0.001).ConclusionThe mortality associated with emergency surgery for patients with acute type A aortic IMH is satisfactory. In clinical centers with well-established surgical techniques and postoperative management, emergency surgical treatment may provide a better outcome than conservative treatment for patients with acute type A aortic IMH.

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  • Descending aortic intramural hematoma with pulmonary embolism: A case report

    Aortic intramural hematoma and pulmonary embolism are two rapidly progressive and life-threatening diseases. A 65-year-old male patient with descending aortic intramural hematoma and pulmonary embolism underwent pulmonary embolectomy and descending aortic stent-graft placement, with good postoperative results.

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  • Secondary stent placement for sealing distal tears in aortic intramural hematoma and enhancing distal aortic remodeling: A retrospective study in a single center

    Objective To assess the clinical efficacy of endovascular treatment in the second stage for patients with progression to local or full-length dissection-like changes at the distal aorta following initial surgery for aortic intramural hematoma. Methods Between July 2020 and December 2022, patients with aortic intramural hematoma were treated initially for proximal lesions. During follow-up, if the distal aortic hematoma was not resorbed and entry tears were identified with progression to local or full-length dissection-like changes and possible focal contrast enhancement, and the patients undergoing a second-stage stent intervention were retrospectively collected. Initial surgeries included total aortic arch replacement or thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) targeting the proximal entry tear. In the secondary stage, stents were strategically placed in three delineated regions of the distal aorta to seal the entry tears, promote hematoma resorption, and induce thrombosis of the false lumen. Results A total of 18 patients were collected, including 15 males and 3 females with a mean age of 53.5±10.6 years, ranging from 39 to 76 years. All patients achieved procedural success, yielding a technical success rate of 100%. Intraoperative and postoperative imaging confirmed effective sealing of the distal entry tears without stent leakage, visceral branch stenosis, or occlusion, and there were no serious complications such as perioperative cerebral infarction, paraplegia, or organ ischemia. Follow-up assessments showed complete thrombosis and disappearance of the false lumen in all patients. Conclusion In patients with unresolved entry tears and dissection-like changes post-initial surgery for aortic intramural hematoma, secondary stent placement effectively seals these tears, promotes thrombosis and resorption of the hematoma, and improves endovascular remodeling of the aorta, demonstrating favorable short- to medium-term outcomes.

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