目的采用乙状结肠皮下预埋造瘘术以解决和提高晚期直肠癌术中无法切除但无明显肠梗阻或不全性肠梗阻患者的生活质量。方法常规行乙状结肠近端单口造瘘，将乙状结肠近端封闭后埋于皮下，再在距盲端15 cm处做乙状结肠近端与远端乙状结肠端-侧吻合。后期在患者出现明显肠梗阻后，将预埋皮下造瘘盲端打开即可。结果全组21例患者中未发生1例预埋处感染。后期打开预埋造瘘盲端时间为3～18个月。结论该方法可使患者生活质量明显提高，避免了二次开腹造瘘之痛苦和风险。
From March. 1989 through April. 1992, the sigmoid colon was used for vaginoplasty in 8 cases. Patients could be married or began normal sexual life one month after operation. Patients were followed up for 6～24 months, and the artificial vagina had appropriate depth and width, soft and secretory function.
目的 探讨腹腔镜下乙状结肠癌根治术保留盆腔自主神经的可行性及对术后泌尿、生殖功能的影响。 方法 选取2007年8月－2009年7月60例行腹腔镜下乙状结肠癌根治术患者，手术按标准腹腔镜下乙状结肠癌前切除手术方式操作。术后采用问卷调查方式对患者术后泌尿功能、男性勃起功能、女性性功能进行效果评价。生殖泌尿功能评估包含国际前列腺增生评分（IPSS）、国际勃起功能评分量表（IIEF）、女性性功能评估量表（FSFI）。 结果 58例患者成功保留自主神经，56例接受术后泌尿、生殖功能测定，置放尿管时间为1～7 d，平均3 d，拔除尿管后排尿功能良好（IPSS 0～7分）57例（95.0%），一般（IPSS 8～14分）2例（3.3%），差（IPSS 15～35分）1例（1.7%），术前、术后IPSS评分差异无统计学意义（P=0.075）。30例男性患者术后，射精良好27例（90.0%），一般2例（6.7%），差1例（3.3%）；但是勃起功能测定良好（IIEF 60～75分）28例（93.4%），一般（IIEF 44～59分）1例（3.3%），差（IIEF 5～43分）1例（3.3%），术前、术后IIEF差异无统计学意义。26例女性患者术后性功能评分，良好（FSFI 76～95分） 23例（88.5%），一般（FSFI 58～75分） 2例（7.7%），差（FSFI 4～57分）1例（3.8%）。盆腔神经保留成功的患者术前、术后差异无统计学意义（P=0.122）。 结论 多数腹腔镜下乙状结肠癌根治术患者能有效保留盆腔自主神经，且术后能保留泌尿、生殖功能。
目的 探讨老年人自发性乙状结肠穿孔的病因、诊断及治疗方法。方法 对四川大学华西医院胃肠外科中心2009～2011年期间收治的9例自发性乙状结肠穿孔老年患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 9例患者中7例有长期便秘史，术前均诊断为“全腹膜炎、腹腔脏器穿孔”而行急诊手术。术中见穿孔位于直乙交界处6例，乙状结肠中上段3例，均在系膜对侧缘。3例行病变处肠段切除加远端封闭、近端造瘘术（Hartmann术），4例行乙状结肠部分切除吻合、横结肠双腔造瘘术，1例行穿孔修补术，1例行穿孔修补加横结肠造瘘术。8例患者治愈出院，1例患者因经济原因放弃治疗。结论 老年人自发性乙状结肠穿孔临床上较少见，其发病与解剖学因素、病理学因素密切相关，便秘等是其重要诱因。及时手术、选择适宜的手术方式以及彻底清除腹腔污染是治疗成功与否的关键。
目的结合文献对两种乙状结肠造口术后造口并发症进行对比分析。方法对我院1996~2004年资料完整的210例两种永久性乙状结肠造口术病例进行回顾性分析。结果在98例传统的永久性乙状结肠造口术（传统组）中，Miles术87例，Hartmann术11例; 造口并发症24例，发生率24.49%，其中造口缺血4例（4.08%），内疝2例（2.04%），造口旁疝8例（8.16%），造口回缩4例（4.08%），造口狭窄2例（2.04%），造口脱垂4例（4.08%）。在112例永久性左下腹腹膜外隧道腹壁造口术（腹膜外组）中，Miles术104例，Hartmann术8例； 造口并发症15例，发生率13.39%，其中造口缺血1例（0.89%），造口旁疝4例（3.57%），造口回缩2例（1.79%），造口狭窄1例（0.89%），造口脱垂1例（0.89%），排便困难伴有粪石6例（5.36%）。结论永久性左下腹腹膜外隧道腹壁造口术后造口并发症明显少于传统的永久性乙状结肠造口术，值得临床推广使用。
ObjectiveTo explore the effect of laparoscopic partial recto-sigmoid resection with rectopexy for adult complete rectal prolapse. MethodsClinical data of 32 adult patients with complete rectal prolapse who underwent laparoscopic partial recto-sigmoid resection with rectopexy in our hospital from May. 2010 to May. 2013 were analyzed. ResultsAll operations were performed successfully and all patients were cured, no one transferred to open surgery. The mean of operation time was 114.7 min (95-167 min), the mean of operative blood loss was 80 mL (55-150 mL), and the mean of hospital stay was 9.8 d (6-14 d). All patients were followed up for 3-48 months (mean of 25.6 months), and anal function of them recovered well. During the follow-up period, there were no operative complications and recurrent case. ConclusionsLaparoscopic partial recto-sigmoid resection with rectopexy is a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of adult complete rectal prolapse, with minimal invasion, quick recovery, and a low recurrence rate. It provides a novel surgical method with a high value of clinical application.
ObjectiveTo contrastive the clinical results of intraperitoneal sigmoid colostomy and extraperitoneal sigmoid colostomy in abdominal perineal resection. MethodsThe clinical data of 172 patients who underwent abdominal perineal resection from March 2010 to March 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Sixty cases were performed the intraperitoneal sigmoid colostomy (intraperitoneal group), seventy-six cases were performed the extraperitoneal sigmoid colostomy (extraperitoneal group), and thirty-six cases were performed the functional exercise after extraperitoneal sigmoid colostomy (functional exercise group). The operation situation, postoperative complications, and colostomy function of three groups of patients were compared. Results①Operation situation: The colostomy location selection, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative hospital stay of the three groups had no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). The postoperative first exhaust and defecate time of the intraperitoneal group and the functional exercise group were obviously earlier than the extraperitoneal group, the difference had statistical significance (P < 0.05).②The postoperative complications: The postoperative complications rates of the extraperitoneal group and functional exercise group were lower than the intraperitoneal group, had statistically significant difference (P < 0.05), the functional exercise group was lower than the extraperitoneal group, the difference had statistical significance (P < 0.05).③The colostomy function:The patient' proportion that > 30 s of appeared time of defecation signals in the extraperitoneal group was significantly higher than the intraperitoneal group, and the functional exercise group was higher than that in the extraperitoneal group, the difference were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The patient' proportion that > 2 min of autonomous control of defecation to discharge feces time after the bowel signal appears in the extraperitoneal group was significantly higher than the intraperitoneal group, and the functional exercise group was higher than that in the extraperitoneal group, the difference were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conciusions The intraperitoneal sigmoid colostomy has less colostomy related complications than extraperitoneal sigmoid colostomy in abdominal perineal resection. The control, and defecate ability are better. Postoperative function exercise can further reduce the colostomy complications and improve the function of colostomy.
ObjectiveTo investigate efficacy of total colectomy-ileorectal anastomosis (IRA) and subtotal colectomy-ileosigmoidal anastomosis (ISA) in treatment of patients with slow transit constipation (STC).MethodsThe clinical data of 45 patients with STC underwent operation from January 2008 to January 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. These patients were divided into an IRA group and ISA group according to the operation method, there were 23 cases in the IRA group and 22 cases in the ISA group. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hospitalization, use of antidiarrheal drugs, and complications rate in both groups were compared. All the patients were followed up at the 3th, 6th, 12th, and 24th month after the operation, the defecation frequency, Wexner continence score, Wexner anal incontinence score, gastrointestinal quality of life index score, abdominal pain frequency score, and abdominal distension frequency score in two groups were evaluated.ResultsThere were no significantly statistical differences between the two groups in the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative complications rate (P>0.05). In the perioperative period, compared with the IRA group, the ISA group had a shorter postoperative hospitalization and a relatively lower proportion of antidiarrheal drugs, the differences were statistically significant between the two groups (P<0.05). On the postoperative 3th, 6th, and 12th month, the frequency of defecation in the IRA group was significantly higher than that in the ISA group (P<0.05). The Wexner continence score, Wexner anal incontinence score, gastrointestinal quality of life index score, abdominal pain frequency score, and abdominal distension frequency score had no statistical differences between the two groups (P>0.05).ConclusionsISA and IRA are safe and effective in treatment of STC, it might be selected according to patient’s conditions. On premise of strictly grasping indications, ISA has more obvious advantages.