【Abstract】 Objective To summarize the recent progress in related research on transforming growth factor β1 （TGF-β1）/Smad3 signal transduction pathway and post-traumatic scar formation. Methods Recent related literature at home and abroad on TGF-β1/Smad3 signal transduction pathway and post-traumatic scar formation was reviewed and summarized. Results TGF-β1 is an important influence factor of fibrotic diseases, and it plays biological effects by TGF-β1/Smad3 signal transduction pathway. The pathway is regulated by many factors and has crosstalk with other signal pathways at cellular and molecular levels. The pathway is involved in the early post-traumatic inflammatory response, wound healing, and late pathological scar formation. Intervening the transduction pathway at the molecular level can influence the process of fibrosis and extracellular matrix deposition. Conclusion TGF-β1/Smad3 signal transduction pathway is an important way to affect post-traumatic scar formation and extracellular matrix deposition. The further study on the pathway will provide a theoretical basis for promotion of wound healing, as well as prevention and treatment of pathological scar formation.
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the therapeutic method and effectiveness of multi ple sternocleidomastoid headamputation for adult congenital muscular torticoll is. Methods Between March 2009 and February 2011, 19 patients withcongenital muscular torticoll is were treated with multi ple sternocleidomastoid head amputation. There were 13 males and 6 females, aged 16-32 years (mean, 23.5 years). The X-ray films showed that 12 cases were accompanied with some extent cervical lateral bending and wedge change. Ten patients were with i psilateral facial bradygenesis. Four patients had recieved single sternocleidomastoid head amputation. All of the 19 patients were treated with multi ple sternocleidomastoid head amputation, then plaster support and neck collar were used after operation for 3-6 months. Results The wounds of all the 19 patients healed primarily, without infection or hematoma. Sixteen patients were followed up 5 months to 2 years (mean, 8 months). The head and neck malformations were amel iorated significantly. The effectiveness was assessed 2 weeks later, in 7 patients without cervical vertebral malformation results were excellent; in 12 patients with cervical vertebral malformation, the results were excellent in 1 case, good in 7 cases, and fair in 4 cases. The length between mastoid process and sternoclavicular joints was elongated (1.88 ± 0.30) cm significantly after operation in patients without cervical vertebral malformation (t=6.24, P=0.00), showing no significant difference when compared with normal value (t=1.87, P=0.11); the length was elongated (3.38 ± 0.30) cm significantly (t=11.37, P=0.00) after operation in patients with cervical vertebral malformation, but it was significant shorter than normal value (t=12.19, P=0.00). Conclusion Multi ple sternocleidomastoid head amputation is a safe and effective method for adult congenital muscular torticoll is, which can improve the neck rotation function.
Objective To evaluate the preliminary effect of using the sternal head of the sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap to reconstuct a defect in the maxillofacial region. Mathods From May 2004 to September 2006, 5 male patients aged 2334 underwent the reconstruction for the defect in the maxillofacial region by using the sternal head of the sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap. Their defects were caused by an infection of the face, an injection of medicine in the mother’s uterus or a scar or depressed abnormality left by an electric injury. The defects ranged in size from 5 cm×3 cm to 9 cm×6 cm. Results All the 5 sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flaps survived, with a little necrosis of the epidermis because of the venous return disturbance, but 2-3 weeks after operation the necrosis healed spontaneously with just a little scar formation around the flap. One patient had weakness in the left shoulder after operation, which almost recovered 6 months after operation. The postoperative follow-up for 1-6 months revealed that 1 patient had a little fat and clumsy appearance in the flap pedicle, 1 patient had an obvious scar at the operation site, but the 2 patients still felt satisfaction. The other 3patients were satisfied with their good appearance at the operation sites. Conclusion The sternal head of the sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap can be designed with more flexibility compared with the entire sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap. It can provide an enough tissue mass for restoring the defect. The sternal head of the sternocleidomastoid myocutaneous flap is an ideal tissue flap for restoring defects in the maxillofacial region.
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of therapeutic effect of heparin on wound healing of second-degree burned rats. METHODS: Deep second-degree burns with 20% of total body surface were made in 20 rats, which were randomly divided into 2 groups. The experimental group was treated subcutaneously injection with 1 ml of heparin 100 U/kg and saline solution, and the control group was treated with 1 ml of saline solution, once a day until complete healing of the burned wound. The healing time were compared, the growth of granulation tissue and collagen fibers were evaluated under light microscope, and the growth of fibroblasts were observed under electronic microscope. RESULTS: All rats survived, the healing time of experimental group (22.8 +/- 1.87 days) were much shorter than that of control group (26.2 +/- 2.82 days) (P lt; 0.005). Light microscope observation showed that the growth of granulation tissue and collagen fibers of experimental group were much better than that of control group, and electronic microscope also showed that the fibroblast growth was obviously better in the experimental group. CONCLUSION: Subcutaneous injection of heparin can promote wound healing.
OBJECTIVE: To study the therapeutic effect of Suyuping in which liposome is the main constituent on II degree burn wound. METHODS: From October 1998 to October 1999, 42 cases with II degree burn wound were adopted in this study. Among them, there were 30 males and 12 females, the average wound area was (23.4 +/- 9.7)%. The wounds on the left side of body were managed with sulfadiazine argentum(SD-Ag) while that on the right side with Suyuping. Healing and other situation about the burn wounds were observed and recorded at times. RESULTS: Forty-two patients completely healed when discharged from hospital. The average wound area managed with Suyuping was (11.2 +/- 7.3)% and the area with SD-Ag was (9.4 +/- 5.8)%. The mean healing time of Suyuping group was(18.4 +/- 4.7) days while that of SD-Ag was (23.5 +/- 7.9) days, there was significant difference(P lt; 0.05). Suyuping group presented few wound pain, allergy, bleeding and the side effect was less. CONCLUSION: Suyuping can accelerate wound healing and attenuate wound pain, allergy and bleeding, it is a potential and specific topical agent for treating II degree burn wound.
【摘要】 目的 建立兔耳中期瘢痕动物模型，寻找兔耳瘢痕形成的最佳位点。 方法 选用日本大耳白兔20只，在兔耳腹侧选定6个位点，作直径1 cm直达软骨表面的皮肤全层及软组织缺损240个。创面暴露，于伤后7 d去除软骨上面的肉芽及血浆痂壳一次。术后连续3个月观察创面自然愈合及瘢痕增生情况;用HE及苦味酸-天狼星红染色观察瘢痕形成及胶原分布情况;用计算机图像分析系统测定胶原含量。 结果 兔耳腹侧可制作类似人的增生性瘢痕模型，瘢痕的发生率42.5%~56.7%，瘢痕增生的高峰在造创后30~50 d。不同位点瘢痕增生程度不同，胶原含量也不同。 结论 兔耳腹侧可建立中期瘢痕动物模型，兔耳腹侧的中分和耳尖外侧部分是制作兔耳增生性瘢痕的理想位点。【Abstract】 Objective To establish an animal model of intermediate stage hypertrophic scar on the rabbit ears and to find out the best sites of scar formation. Methods A total of 240 full-thickness skin and tissue defect directing access to the cartilage surface was created on the ventral side in 20 Japan white rabbits and each ear contain 6 defect sites.The wound was treated by exposure method.On the 7th day after operation, the granulation tissue and plasma shell were removed on the cartilage.Wound healing and scar proliferation under natural condition were observed continuously for 3 months.The scar formation and collagen distribution were observed by HE and Sirius red staining, and the collagen content was analyzed by using computer image analysis system. Results The ventral wound of rabbit’s ears produced hypertrophic scar similar to human hypertrophic scar, the incidence of scar was between 42.5% to 56.7%.The peak of scar proliferation was in 30 days to 50 days after operation.The degree of scar proliferation and collagen content varied at different sites. Conclusion The ventral wound of rabbit’s ears can produce intermediate stage hypertrophic scar model, the middle sites and the lateral ear tip are ideal site for madding animal model of hypertrophic scar on the rabbit ears.