目的:评价双吻合器技术在超低位直肠癌保肛术中的实用性。方法:回顾分析我院2006年1月至2009年11月60例超低位直肠癌应用双吻合器技术保肛的临床资料。结果:本组手术中结直肠56例吻合顺利,术后1例吻合口瘘及无出血病例发生,吻合口狭窄2例(333％),无手术死亡病例。结论:应用双吻合器技术可极大提高超低位直肠癌保肛率且并发症少,值得推广。
目的 探讨应用双吻合器低位直肠癌前切除术后吻合口漏的早期诊断和防治措施。方法 回顾性分析 2005～2011年期间笔者所在医院收治的160例应用双吻合器行低位直肠癌前切除患者的临床资料。结果 本组患者术后发生吻合口漏13例（8.1%），发生吻合口漏的时间为术后 3～12d，平均7d；8例经保守治疗后治愈，4 例经二次手术行结肠或回盲部造瘘后好转，1 例于术后12d死亡。结论 直肠癌前切除术后吻合口漏的早期正确诊断和合理治疗是降低患者死亡率的关键；早期的造瘘手术和通畅引流是治愈吻合口漏的必要措施。
Objective To assess the anal sphincteric function after intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer by vectorial manometry. Methods Maximal anal pressure, vector volume, vector symmetric index and rectal anal inhibitory reflex were assessed in 16 patients underwent intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer from 1999 to 2006. Thirty patients with low anterior resection for rectal cancer and another 30 healthy individuals were selected as control. Results The patients in intersphincteric resection group were subdivided into soiling group and defecation function good group. Maximal pressure, vector volume and vector symmetric index of the patients in soiling group and defecation function good group were significantly lower than those of the healthy and low anterior resection controls (P＜0.001). The maximal systole pressure, systole vector volume and vector symmetric index in soiling group were significantly lower than those in function good group (P＜0.001). The 25.0% patients in intersphincteric resection group had rectal anal inhibitory reflex， was significantly lower than that of the low anterior resection control group (93.3%, P＜0.001). Conclusion The maximal pressure and vector volume are compromised in patients underwent intersphincteric resection . The vectorial manometry can be an objective comprehensive tool for the evaluation of anal sphincter function in patients with intersphincteric resection.
Objective To study the relationship between autonomic nerve preservation and sexual and urinary functions after total mesorectal excision in patients with cancer of the lower rectum, and to explore improved nursing methods for these patients. Methods Eligible patients with cancer of the lower rectum were non-randomly assigned to either a control group (n=278)or an autonomic nerve-preserving group （n=263）. The recovery time of micturition desire, catherization time, lower urinary tract infection rate, residual urine, severity of urinary disorders and sexual disorders were observed. Results The recovery time of micturition desire, catherization time, lower urinary tract infection rate, residual urine, severity of urinary disorders and sexual disorders were lower in the autonomic nerve-preserving group than in the control group. (Plt;0.05) . Conclusion Autonomic nerve preservation radical resection leads to better maintenance of urinary and sexual functions for patients with cancer of the lower rectum. Nursing should be focused on the prevention of urinary tract complications and the rehabilitation of sexual and urinary functions.
目的:比较低位直肠癌几种术式的复发率及5年生存率的差异,探讨术式的选择。方法:收集我院2001～2008年收治268例低位直肠癌病例资料,按局部切除,TME+DIXON、TME+MILES分成三组,对术后复发率及5年生存率进行回顾分析。结果:局部切除组12例,2年局部复发2例,复发率16.%,TME+DIXON组192例,总保肛率84.%,2年复发45例,复发率16.%,5年生存率61.%,TME+MILES术64例,2年复发11例,复发率17%,5年生存率59%,三组病例2年复发率相近,统计学数据显示无显著性差异(Pgt;0.5)。结论:对低位直肠癌,可根据病灶大小,病理学类型,Dukes分期等把握术式选择的适应症:保肛术式为首选, Miles术为最后的选择。
目的:探讨全直肠系膜切除术(total mesorectal excision,TME)结合双吻合器(DST)治疗低位直肠癌的效果及临床价值。方法:对我院85 例低位直肠癌患者采用 TME和DST联合治疗的方法,观察治疗后的排便功能及疗效.结果:所有患者手术均顺利,无吻合口瘘和狭窄,切割环均完整,无手术闭合失败及手术死亡。随访时间6 个月～5年,局部复发率4例(4.7%)。排便控制功能:优75 例(88.2%),良9 例(10.6%),差1 例(1.2%)。结论:TME和 DST联用治疗低位直肠癌,保肛效果满意,并发症少,提高了患者的生存质量,值得临床推广。
目的:探讨保留肛门外括约肌低位直肠癌保肛手术的应用。方法: 在全直肠系膜切除的基础上,应用国产一次性管状吻合器,对32例低位直肠癌行保留肛门外括约肌超低位结肛吻合,随访12～36个月。回顾性分析其根治性、术后排便功能、手术并发症、局部复发率。结果: 全组病例术后病理检查无切端癌残留,无大便失禁,无吻合口漏;全组无手术死亡;肿瘤局部复发率9.4%(3/32)。结论: 低位直肠癌保留肛门外括约肌保肛手术,遵循肿瘤根治的原则下,能保留患者正常的肛门排便功能,明显改善该类患者的生活质量。