目的 探索建立下肢动脉粥样硬化闭塞症动物模型的有效方法。方法 30只雄性新西兰白兔随机分为3组，每组10只。空白组给予普通饲料喂养，对照组给予单纯高脂饲料喂养，实验组给予高脂饲料喂养及下肢动脉球囊损伤。实验第15周结束时观察兔下肢动脉病理形态学特征并检测血脂水平。结果 第15周时，实验组和对照组动物血脂水平较空白组均明显升高（P＜0.05）； 对照组和实验组动物均出现下肢动脉粥样硬化斑块，其中实验组内膜较空白组和对照组明显增厚 （P＜0.01），高倍（×100）镜下可见明显的斑块及纤维帽结构。结论 高脂饲料喂养与球囊损伤结合可成功建立兔下肢动脉粥样硬化闭塞症模型，方法简单、经济，可重复性强。
ObjectiveTo study the effect of exogenous insulin on inducing angiogenesis and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) of hindlimb ischemia of rats with diabetic. MethodsThe hindlimb ischemic model of diabetic rat was established by the ligation of femoral blood vessels of hindlimb in twenty healthy male SD rats and which were divided into model group (n=10) and treatment group (n=10). Another 10 normal rats were selected as control group. Then the expression of VEGF protein and capillary density of muscle tissues of rat hindlimb were detected by Western blot analysis and alkaline phosphatase (APK) stain method, respectively. ResultsThe differences of body weight and blood glucose level of rats before operation and on day 7 after operation were not significant in the control group (Pgt;0.05). The body weight of rat was significantly lower on day 7 after operation than that before operation in the model group (Plt;0.05), while the difference of blood glucose level of rats was not significant in the model group (Pgt;0.05). The body weight and blood glucose level of rat significantly decreased in the treatment group on day 7 after subcutaneous injection of insulin as compared with the level before operation (Plt;0.05). Compared with the control group, the body weight decreased and blood glucose level increased in the model group and treatment group, and the difference was significant (Plt;0.05, Plt;0.01). The body weight of rat in the treatment group was not different from that in the model group (Pgt;0.05), but the blood glucose level of rat on day 7 after operation in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the model group (Plt;0.05). The relative expression of VEGF protein of muscle tissues of ischemic hindlimbs in the treatment group (155.06±10.26) was significantly higher than that in the model group (94.30±11.23), Plt;0.05, while no expression was found in the control group. The capillary density of muscle tissues of right hindlimb in the control group was significantly higher than that in the model group or treatment group (Plt;0.05), and furthermore, which was higher in the treatment group than that in the model group (Plt;0.05). The difference of capillary density of muscle tissues of left hindlimb was not different among three groups (Pgt;0.05). The capillary density of muscle tissues of right hindlimb was not different from that of left hindlimb in the control group (Pgt;0.05) and which was significantly lower than that of left hindlimb in the model group or treatment group (Plt;0.05). ConclusionInsulin may increase the expression of VEGF protein in ischemic muscle tissue of diabetic rats and protect the ischemic muscle.