【摘要】 目的 观察黄精多糖（polygonatum sibiricmu polysaccharides，PSP）对老龄大鼠血液中老化相关酶的影响。 方法 取老龄（15～16月龄）SD大鼠。每组15只，均采用灌胃给药。阴性对照组灌服等体积的0.5%羧甲基纤维素（CMCNa）；阳性对照组给予甲磺酸双氢麦角碱0.5 mg/kg；PSP大剂量组222 mg/（kg·d）；PSP中剂量组111 mg/（kg·d）；PSP小剂量组55 mg/（kg·d）；另取9只青年SD大鼠，作为青年对照组，灌服等体积的0.5% CMCNa。每日1次，连续4周，末次给药后取血，检测老化相关酶:超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化脂质（LPO）、脂褐质（LF）、B型单胺氧化酶（MAO-B）。各项指标进行统计分析，比较各组差异。 结果 PSP高、中剂量组的SOD水平明显提高，而LPO、LF和MAO-B水平明显下降。 结论 PSP有较明确的延缓衰老作用。【Abstract】 Objective To observe the effects of Polygonatum sibiricmu polysaccharides (PSP) on enzymes related to the aging in the blood of aged rats. Methods Seventy-five aged rats (15-16 months) were divided into 5 groups randomly containing 15 rats in each group. The rats of each group were treated with different medicines daily for 4 weeks by gavage: negative control group received 0.5% CMCNa; positive control group received dihydroer gotoxine of 0.5 mg/kg; high dose group of PSP received PSP of 222 mg/(kg·d); middle dose group of PSP received PSP of 111 mg/(kg·d); low dose group of PSP received PSP of 55 mg/(kg·d). Another 9 young rats (4 male and 5 female rats) were chosn as an additional control group to study the reaction of youth, which received 0.5% CMCNa by gavage. The enzymes about aging were detected after the last treatment, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), lactoperoxidase (LPO), lipofuscin (LF), monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B). Statistical analysis was used to judge the differences of all groups. Results The blood level of SOD in high and middle dose groups of PSP were significantly increased while the blood level of LPO, LF, MAO-B were decreased with markable differences. Conclusion PSP has an obvious effect of anti-aging.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of total parenteral nutrition in neonatal patients and study the nursing methods for these neonates. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 70 neonatal patients who accepted total parenteral nutrition in our hospital from October 2010 to October 2011. Physiological indexes were compared before and after total parenteral nutrition. ResultsSignificant improvements in the nutritional status of all children were observed. All patients achieved good efficacy and effective care. ConclusionTotal parenteral nutrition support for critically ill newborns is of great significance, and good caring also plays an important role.
ObjectiveTo explore the clinical effectiveness of two kinds of treatment methods to nurse wound after tracheotomy. MethodsWe collected 108 cases and randomly divided them into two groups between March 2012 and May 2013. The experimental group (n=52) received tracheotomy care with PermaFoam dressing, while the control group (n=56) was treated with traditional sterile absorbent gauze. We analyzed the differences in terms of infection of wound, errhysis and frequency of dressing changes between the two groups. ResultsThe experimental group had a lower rate of wound infection than the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the experimental group was superior to the control group in the total number of dressing changes, wound redness and oozing (P<0.05). ConclusionPermaFoam dressing can reduce wound complications and frequency of dressing changes effectively. It is easy to operate, and can reduce the workload of clinical nursing, and deserves clinical application.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic value of interferon-gamma release assay (TB-IGRA) for tuberculosis in the Tibetan. MethodsFrom January 2014 to December 2014, suspected Tibetan tuberculosis patients were enrolled from AVIC 363 Hospital and underwent TB-IGRA test. All patients were also underwent smear test for Mycobacteria. The diagnostic value of TB-IGRA test for Tibetan TB patients was analyzed. ResultsA total of 77 suspected Tibetan tuberculosis patients were included. According to the diagnostic criteria, of the 77 suspected patients, 50 were diagnosed as TB patients, and 27 were diagnosed as not-TB patients. The sensitivity and specificity of TB-IGRA test was 86% and 81.5%. While the sensitivity and specificity of smear test were 22% and 100%, respectively. ConclusionThe TB-IGRA test is superior to smear test, and is the fast and sensitivity test for diagnosing Tibetan TB patients.
Objective To observe the effect of melatonin (MT) on retinal apoptosis in rats with ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI). Methods A total of 54 male healthy Sprague-Dawley adult rats were randomly divided into the normal control (CON) group (6 rats), RIRI group (24 rats) and MT group (24 rats). The rats of RIRI and MT group were induced using suture-occluded methods to establish RIRI model. The rats of MT group were injected with MT in the left carotid artery 30 minutes after RIRI, and RIRI group was injected with the same amount of saline. On 6, 24 hours and 3, 7 days after RIRI, the morphological changes of retina were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining; the effects of MT on retinal cell apoptosis and Nrf2, HO-1 proteins were examined by immunohistochemistry staining. The correlation between active Caspase-3 and Nrf2 protein, active Caspase-3 and HO-1 protein in MT group were analyzed by linear regression analysis. Results HE staining results showed that the morphology of retinal cells was regular and retinal cells were well arranged in the CON and MT group. In the RIRI group, both the thickness of inner retinal layer and the number of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) were decreased. On 6, 24 hours and 3, 7 days after RIRI, the thickness of inner retinal layer (F=16.710, 62.303, 68.389, 57.132; P＜0.01) and RGC number (F=24.250, 11.624, 14.155, 32.442; P＜0.05) in MT group were more than those in RIRI group. Immunohistochemistry staining results showed that less active Caspase-3+ cells were observed in MT group as compared with those in RIRI group at each time points (F=49.118, 134.173, 76.225, 18.385; P＜0.01). There were more Nrf2+ (F=11.041, 31.480, 59.246, 6.740; P＜0.05) and HO-1+ cells (F=128.993, 21.606, 51.349, 8.244; P＜0.05) in MT group as compared with those in RIRI group at each time points. Linear regression analysis results showed that the difference of active Caspase-3+ cells were all linearly correlated with the Nrf2+ cells and HO-1+cells in the MT group (r2=0.810, 0.730; P＜0.01). Conclusion MT could reduce retinal cell apoptosis in RIRI rats, and its mechanism may be associated with increased Nrf2 and HO-1 expression, reduced active Caspase-3 expression.