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find Author "卢俊" 5 results
  • 肾移植术后患者睡眠紊乱的原因及护理

    目的:探讨肾移植术后患者睡眠紊乱的原因,以期提出改善肾移植患者睡眠质量的措施。方法:观察四川大学华西医院第三综合病房61例肾移植术后患者睡眠紊乱的特征,分析引起睡眠紊乱的原因。结果:61例肾移植患者术后有56例患者出现不同程度的睡眠紊乱,占总数的91.8%。护理:通过采取心理护理、缓解疼痛、用药及活动指导,纠正睡眠紊乱。结论:肾移植术后患者容易发生睡眠紊乱,护士应采取有效措施纠正睡眠紊乱,促进患者早日康复。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:56 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 咀嚼口香糖缩短肾移植术后肛门排气时间的对照研究

    目的探讨肾移植术后患者咀嚼口香糖缩短肛门排气时间及改善口干症状的效果,以期为制定缩短肾移植术后肛门排气时间及改善口干症状的护理措施提供理论支持。 方法2012年3月-12月,将90例肾移植术后患者随机分成对照组和试验组,对照组患者术后采用床上活动促进胃肠功能恢复,试验组患者则自麻醉苏醒开始,给予咀嚼口香糖3次/d,比较两组患者术后肛门排气时间及口干症状的改善情况。 结果所有患者均在术后2 d内肛门排气,试验组肛门排气时间明显短于对照组(P<0.001);术后第1、2天对照组口腔干燥评分均明显高于试验组(P<0.001)。 结论咀嚼口香糖有助于加速肾移植术后患者肠功能的恢复,口腔干燥症状明显减轻。咀嚼口香糖是一种价廉、容易实施的术后辅助治疗手段。

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  • 外科医生开展腹腔镜胰十二指肠切除术的学习曲线与心得

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  • Effects of Immunosuppressive Drugs on CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Basic Research△

    Objective To assess the effects of different immunosuppressive drugs on proliferation and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Methods We searched MEDLINE (1966 to November 2009), EMbase (from inception to September 2009), and The Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 2009) for clinical and basic research about the effects of various immunosuppressive drugs on Tregs. Data were extracted and methodological quality was assessed by two independent reviewers. Outcome measures for clinical research included blood Tregs levels, acute rejection episodes, and graft function. Outcome measures for basic research included percentage of Tregs proliferation, function, Tregs phenotype, and evidence for possible mechanisms. We analyzed data qualitatively. Results Forty-two studies, including 19 clinical trials and 23 basic studies, were included. The immunosuppressive drugs studied were calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), Rapa, anti-metabolism drugs, IL-2 receptor-blocking antibodies, T-cell depleting antibodies, and co-stimulation blockade antibodies. Most of the studies were on Rapa and CNIs. Eight basic studies on Rapa and CNIs showed that Rapa could promote the proliferation and function of Tregs, while CNIs could not. Five clinical trials involving a total of 158 patients showed that patients taking Rapa had higher blood concentration of Tregs than those taking CNIs, but no differences were found in graft function (6-42-month follow-up). Conclusion There is substantial evidence that Rapa favors Tregs survival and function. However, the larger number of the blood Tregs in the patients treated with Rapa does not show any correlation with better graft function. Large-sample and high-quality clinical studies with longer follow-up are needed to thoroughly assess the efficacy of immunosuppressive drugs on Tregs and to reveal whether a relationship exists between Tregs and graft function.

    Release date:2016-09-07 11:23 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • ABO-Incompatible Liver Transplantation (Report of 3Cases)

    Objective To investigate the effect of ABO-incompatible liver transplantation on patients with acute hepatic failure.  Methods A retrospective review was undertaken on the clinical data of 3 cases (1 case of Budd-Chiari syndrome, 1 case of liver cancer and 1 case of severe hepatitis B were included) undergoing ABO-incompatible liver transplantation for acute hepatic failure. The patients were given quadruple immunosuppression after operation.  Results Postoperative complications including pulmonary infection, central pontine myelionlysis and acute rejection was suffered from by the patient of Budd-Chiari syndrome who was then given a positive deal and had survived for more than 14 months. The patient of liver cancer was aggravated by severe infection who died of multiple organ failure on day 13 after operation. The patient with severe hepatitis B was made more severe by acute renal failure whose kidney function was restored with continuous renal replacement therapy.  Conclusion The outcome of ABO-incompatible liver transplantation can be improved with refined peri-transplant management and better immunosuppressive strategies. ABO-incompatible liver transplantation should be viewed as an important option in patients with acute hepatic failure awaiting an emergency procedure.

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:57 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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