Intraocular tumors is a serious blinding eye disease, which has a serious impact on patients' vision and even life. At present, the main treatments include surgical treatment, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, laser therapy and combination therapy. In recent years, with the wide application of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the treatment of ocular diseases, many studies have confirmed that anti-VEGF drugs play an important auxiliary role in the treatment of intraocular tumors and its complications. In terms of the therapeutic effect, intravitreal anti-VEGF combined with other methods have a good prognosis in the treatment of choroidal metastatic carcinoma and retinoblastoma, while the therapeutic effect of uveal melanoma is still controversial. In the treatment of intraocular tumor complications, intravitreal anti-VEGF also has a good effect on the secondary lesions of choroidal osteoma and radiation retinopathy. As for drug safety, intravitreal anti-VEGF can significantly reduce the toxic and side effects of systemic chemotherapeutic therapy. However, the dosage and medication regimen of anti-VEGF drugs in the treatment of intraocular tumors and their complications have not been unified in current studies, and further basic and clinical trials are still needed to explore in the future.
Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of vitrectomy on the serious complications of Eales disease. Methods The clinical data of 30 eyes of 27 patients (20 males and 7 females) with Eales disease who underwent vitrectomy were retrospectively analyzed. The age was ranged from 15 to 54 years old, with a mean of 30.7 years. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was ranged from hand movement to 0.5. The patients were divided into the vitreous hemorrhage group (3 eyes), proliferative vitreoretinopathy group (14 eyes), local retinal detachment group (7 eyes), and wide retinal detachment group (6 eyes) according to the results of examinations. The standard pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) were performed and scleral buckling, lensectomy, endolaser, transscleral cryotherapy/cautery, membrane removal, retinotomy, fluidair exchange, intravitreal injection of triamcinolone, gas/oil tamponade can be combined if necessary. Those eyes underwent 1 to 8 times (with a mean of 2.4 times) of surgery. The followup was ranged from 6 months to 10 years. The BCVA, retinal reattachment, complications before and after surgery was comparatively analyzed. Results At the end of the follow-up, the BCVA was ranged from light perception to 1.5. The BCVA was ge;0.1 in 24 eyes (80.0%)，0.03 in 1 eye (3.3%), counting finger in 1 eye (3.3%), hand moving in 3 eyes (10.0%) and light perception in 1 eye (3.3%). The BCVA improved in 22 eyes (73.3%), stable in 2 eyes (6.7%) and decreased in 6 eyes (20.0%). The differences are statistically significant between pre- and postoperative BCVA (t=5.132，P＜0.01). The BCVA of wide retinal detachment group was less than other 3 groups (F=4.570, P＜0.05); while the BCVA of vitreous hemorrhage group, proliferative vitreoretinopathy group and local retinal detachment group was the same (P＞0.05). Complete retinal reattachment was achieved in all eyes at the next day after PPV. At the end of the follow-up, retina reattached in 24 eyes without silicone oil tamponade, local retinal detachment occurred in 1 eye (the patient refused further surgery) and silicone oil tamponadedependant retinal reattachment 5 eyes. During the follow-up, 16 eyes (53.3 %) had developed some complications. Conclusions Vitrectomy is an effective way to cure serious complications of Eales disease. The BACV prognosis of patients with wide retinal detachment is poor.
Objective To investigate the long term efficacy of vitrectomy in the treatment of acute retinal necrosis syndrome (ARN).Methods The clinical data of 17 patients (19 eyes) with ARN underwent vitrectomy were retrospectively analyzed. The diagnosis of ARN was made by clinical symptoms, slit lamp and indirect ophthalmoscope examination. Preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) ranged from no light perception to 0.1 (only one eye with 0.1). Eighteen eyes had retinal detachment (RD). All 19 eyes underwent one to five times (on average of 2.8 times) conventional pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). 18/19 eyes (94.7%) underwent multiple times of PPV. The followup period ranged from 12 to 120 months with an average of 44 months.Results Complete retinal reattachment was achieved in 17/18 (88.9%) eyes at the next day after the first PPV. The major indications for second or more times PPV included removal of silicon oil, proliferative retinopathy and hypotony. Nine eyes had a BCVAge;0.1 during the followup, but only four eyes had a BCVAge;0.1 at the end of followup. The mean IOP of 19 eyes with silicone oil tamponade was 12.7 mm Hg（1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa）, and the mean IOP of 15 eyes without silicone oil tamponade was 5.1 mm Hg. All eyes had variable degrees of postoperative proliferative retinopathy, and eight eyes developed atrophy of eyeball at the end of the follow-up.Conclusion PPV has no long-term beneficial effects on ARN.
Objective To analyze the results of diagnostic pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in patients with uveitis of unknown cause. Methods This is a retrospective case series study. Sixty-five patients (67 eyes) with uveitis of unknown cause were enrolled in this study. There were 31 males (32 eyes) and 34 females (35 eyes). The ages were from 6 to 84 years, with the mean age of (55.00±18.56) years. All eyes were received PPV. Examination of vitreous samples consisted of microbial stains and culture, microbial DNA and antibody detection, cytokine measurement, cytology, flow cytometry and gene rearrangement detection. Results Vitreous analysis was positive in 40 of 67 eyes (59.7%). Positive results indicated bacterial endophthalmitis in 20 of 40 eyes (50.0%), lymphoma in 11 eyes (27.5%), viral IgM and IgG increased significantly in 3 eyes (7.5%), fungal endophthalmitis in 3 eyes (7.5%), IgG of toxocara increased significantly in 2 eyes (5.0%), IgG of toxoplasma Gondii increased significantly in 1 eye (2.5%). Conclusion The diagnostic yield of vitreous samples in uveitis eyes of unknown cause is 59.7%.