ObjectiveTo investigate effectiveness and safety of right vertical infra-axillary thoracotomy (RVIAT) in surgical repair for intra-cardiac anomalies combined with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 34 patients who underwent intra-cardiac correction of congenital heart defects and PDA ligation simultaneously via RVIAT in our hospital from August 2014 to August 2019. There were 25 males and 9 females with an age range of 0.5-6.1 years.ResultsThe length of incision was 3.0 (3.0, 3.5) cm. The operation time lasted 110.0 (90.0, 121.0) min. The cardiopulmonary bypass time was 45.5 (38.8, 63.5) min and the aortic cross-clamp time was 22.5 (14.8, 34.8) min. The bleeding volume was 20.0 (13.8, 20.0) mL. ICU stay time was 17.0 (5.5, 22.3) h, post-operative mechanical ventilation time was 4.0 (2.0, 6.0) h, total in-hospital cost was 46 (39, 51) thousand yuan. There was no mortality or reoperation during perioperative and follow-up period. Within the median follow-up of 636.0 days, 1 patient had minimal residual ventricular septal defect shunt while no new-onset scoliosis, funnel chest or pectus carinatum was detected. No bilateral mammary developmental asymmetry was observed in the female patients during the follow-up period. All the patients’ parents or guardians were satisfied with the right vertical infra-axillary aesthetic skin incision.ConclusionThe minimally invasive repair for intra-cardiac heart defects combined with PDA via RVIAT is a safe and effective method with minimal invasiveness and excellent cosmesis.
ObjectiveTo study the safety of right vertical infra-axillary thoracotomy (RVIAT) in the repair of ventricular septal defect (VSD) and the optimal age for RVIAT.MethodsBetween June 2014 and June 2018, 441 children underwent VSD repair via RVIAT in our hospital. According to the age, they were divided into four groups: a 4 months to 1 year old group (R1 group, n=123), a 1-2 years old group (R2 group, n=106), a 2-5 years old group (R3 group, n=166), a >5 years old group (R4 group, n=46). The clinical effects of the patients were compared.ResultsAll the operations were successfully performed and no serious complication was found in all groups. No statistical difference was observed in the operation time, blood loss during operation, thoracic drainage 24 h after operation among groups (P>0.05). The cardiopulmonary bypass time, aortic cross-blocking time and ICU stay time in the R1 and R2 groups were longer than those in the R3 and R4 groups (P<0.05). In the R1 group, the postoperative ventilating time and postoperative hospital stay time were longer, and the blood transfusion volume was more than those in the R3 and R4 groups (P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications was higher in the R4 group than that in the R1 and R3 groups (P<0.05).ConclusionVSD repair via RVIAT may be more effective in children >2 years old, and 2-5 years old may be the optimal age.