ObjectiveTo evaluate the therapeutic effects of super-selective arterial catheterization with thrombolysis for central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO).MethodsThe clinical data of 16 patients with CRAO were collected. Aortic arch angiography with the catheterization through femoral artery firstly, and then the selective internal carotid artery angiography had been performed on all of the patients, including 12 ones who had undergone the urokinase thrombolysis therapy.ResultsIn the 16 patients, 3 with the severe straitness of the internal carotid artery and 1 with occlusion of incision of the ocular artery had not been treated by thrombolysis; and the others with occlusion of arterial trunk and CRAO had undergone thrombolysis therapy successfully. After the treatment, the visual acuity of the patients had improved in different degree and no systemic side effect had been found during the treatment.ConclusionsSuper-selective arterial catheterization with thrombolysis for CRAO may improve the visual acuity of the patients. The effects and risks of this treatment should be evaluated in further study.(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2005,21:20-21)
ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effects of thrombolysis infusion via microcatheter on the treatment of central retinal artery occlusion(CRAO). MethodsUrokinase (UK) was directly infused via ophthalmic artery (OA) by microcatheter (6 patients) or via intravenous (7 patients) to dissolve the thrombus. The patency of the artery was evaluated by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), and the effect of fibrinolytic activity on the systemic changes was observed by blood biochemical examination simultaneously. ResultsIn 6 patients in the microcatheter group, 5 had completely and 1 had partly reopened OA on the morrow of UK infusion with the patency rate of 83.33%, while in 7 patients in vein group, 3 completely reopened, 2 partly reopened and 2 obstructed OA were found with the patency rate of 42.86%. The difference between the two groups was significant. No obvious change of index of blood coagulation system was found in catheter group, which had great disparity compared with the vein group.ConclusionUrokinase infusion via microcatheter in CRAO has better therapeutic impact and smaller effect on systemic action. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2005,21:16-19)
Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of throm bolytic drug infusion via carotid artery on experimental central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), and observe the changes of fibrinolytic activity in the system ic circulation. Methods To dissolve the thrombi in 15 cats (30 eyes) with CRAO established by laser irradiating a branch of central retinal a rtery after intravenous injection of photochemical drugs, urokinase (UK) was dir ectly infused via carotid artery in 5 cats (10 eyes) in group A or intravenously injected in 5 cats (10 eyes) in group B, and isotonic saline solution was intra venously injected in 5 cats (10 eyes) in group C respectively. The patency of the artery was evaluated by fundus fluorescein angiography. Moreover, the changes of fibrinolitic activity in the blood were observed by blood biochemical examination. Results Four hours after UK infusion, the complete repatency proportion was 80% (5 cats 8 eyes) in group A, and 50% (4 cats 5 eyes) in group B. There was significant difference between the two groups. Besides, after the infusion, the indexes of coagulation, fibrinolysis, and anti-fibrinolysis in group A were better than those in group B and C (Plt;0.01). Conclusion In the treatment of experimental CRAO, thrombolytic drug infusion via carotid artery is better and more effective than via intravenous injection, which may provide a new method of thrombolytic drug delivery and animal models. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2004，20：186-188)
Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is a membrane protein which is attached to the cellular external membrane. The uPAR expression can be observed both in tumor cells and in tumor-associated stromal cells. Thus, in the present study, the human amino-terminal fragment (hATF), as a targeting element to uPAR, is used to conjugate to the surface of superparamagnetic iron nanoparticle (SPIO). Flowcytometry was used to examine the uPAR expression in different tumor cell lines. The specificity of hATF-SPIO was verified by Prussian blue stain and cell phantom test. The imaging properties of hATF-SPIO were confirmed in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of uPAR-elevated colon tumor. Finally, the distribution of hATF-SPIO in tumor tissue was confirmed by pathological staining. Results showed that the three cells in which we screened, presented different expression characteristics, i.e., Hela cells strongly expressed uPAR, HT29 cells moderately expressed uPAR, but Lovo cells didn't express uPAR. In vitro, after incubating with Hela cells, hATF-SPIO could specifically combined to and be subsequently internalized by uPAR positive cells, which could be observed via Prussian blue staining. Meanwhile T2WI signal intensity of Hela cells, after incubation with targeted probe, significantly decreased, and otherwise no obvious changes in Lovo cells both by Prussian blue staining and MRI scans. In vivo, hATF-SPIO could be systematically delivered to HT29 xenograft and accumulated in the tumor tissue which was confirmed by Prussian Blue stain compared to Lovo xenografts. Twenty-four hours after injection of targeting probe, the signal intensity of HT29 xenografts was lower than Lovo ones which was statistically significant. This targeting nanoparticles enabled not only in vitro specifically combining to uPAR positive cells but also in vivo imaging of uPAR moderately elevated colon cancer lesions.
ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effect of kinetin on bleomycin A5 (BLM-A5)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. MethodsSixty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups. Group A (n=20) was intratracheally injected with saline as control. Group B (n=20) were intratracheally injected with BLM-A5 to establish pulmonary fibrosis model. Group C (n=20) was intratracheally injected with BLM-A5 and received intraperitoneal injection of kinetin at 0.5 mL/100 g once daily. The rats were sacrificed on the 3rd,7th,14th and 28th day respectively. HE and Masson staining were performed to observe lung pathological changes. The contents of hydroxyproline (HYP),urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA),tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA),and PAI-1 in lung and plasma were measured by ELISA. ResultsAlveolitis was most obvious on the 7th day and pulmonary fibrosis was most severe on the 28th day in group B compared with other two groups (P<0.05). Alveolitis and pulmonary fibrosis in group C were significantly alleviated compared with group B (P<0.05),but still more severe than group A (P<0.05). The HYP contents in group B,coincided with fibrosis,began to increase on the 7th day and reached the peak on the 28th day,significantly higher than those in other two groups (P<0.05). The u-PA contents of lung tissue in group B began to decline on the 3rd day,reached the minimum on the 7th day,and was still significantly lower than those in other two groups (P<0.05).On the 14th day, the u-PA contents had no significant difference among three groups. The u-PA plasma contents in group B began to decline on the 3rd day,reached the minimum and had significant difference compared with other two groups on the 7th day (P<0.05),and there was no significantly difference among three groups after the 14th day. The t-PA contents change of lung tissue and plasma in three groups were generally consistent with u-PA,but the t-PA plasma contents in group B were still significantly lower than those in group A on the 14th day (P<0.05). The PAI-1 contents of lung tissue in group B began to increase on the 3rd day,reached the maximum on the 7th day,was still significantly higher than those in other two groups (P<0.05),and there was no significant difference among three groups on the 14th day. The PAI-1 contents in group C decreased compared with those in group B (P<0.05),but still higher than those in group A (P<0.05),and there was no difference among them on the 14th day. The PAI-1 plasma contents in group B began to increase on the 3rd day,reached the maximum and was significantly higher than other two groups on the 7th day (P<0.05),and there was no significant difference among three groups on the 14th day. ConclusionThe contents of u-PA and t-PA are increased by inhibiting PAI-1 generation in lung tissue through kinetin treatment,so that,kinetin can suppress pulmonary fibrosis induced by BLM-A5.