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find Keyword "异物" 61 results
  • 螺旋CT对食管骨性异物的诊断及临床应用价值

    目的 探讨螺旋CT对食管骨性异物的诊断价值。 方法 收集2009年7月-2011年12月临床有明确异物摄入史患者36例,采用螺旋CT检查,观察异物的位置、大小、形状、走行及食管周围损伤情况,并通过食管镜或手术进一步证实。 结果 36例患者中,26例食管骨性异物均被CT检出,包括鸡骨15例、鸭骨5例、鱼骨及鱼刺6例,检出率100%,与食管镜或手术结果比较,准确性及灵敏度均为100%。10例患者螺旋CT未发现确切异物。23例异物位于食管颈段,3例位于食管胸段。异物形状多为条状,还有小片状或不规则状,异物在食管内走向可呈横位,斜形和纵形。异物并发食管壁充血水肿8例,损伤性食管炎5例,咽后脓肿2例。 结论 螺旋CT可准确、全面的显示食管骨性异物及其并发症情况,可作为食管异物患者首选的理想检查方法。

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  • 小儿气道异物术后首次进食时间探讨

    目的 探讨小儿气道异物在全身麻醉下行气管、支气管镜检术后首次进食时间,为临床护理提供依据。 方法 2010年9月-2011年5月,将213例气管异物患儿根据入院的先后顺序编号分组,对照组患儿按常规在全身麻醉清醒后6 h首次进食流质,观察组患儿在麻醉完全清醒、意识完全恢复后先给予20~30 mL温开水饮用,30 min后即给予流质饮食。比较两组患儿首次进食后呕吐、误吸的发生率,术后哭闹或自诉口渴、饥饿感发生率的差异。 结果 两组患儿首次进食后呛咳、呕吐的发生率无明显差异(P>0.05),观察组患儿术后哭闹或自诉口渴、饥饿感的发生率明显低于对照组。 结论 小儿气道异物在全身麻醉下行气管、支气管镜检术后首次进食可在患儿麻醉完全清醒、意识恢复后半小时给予。

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  • Ingested Foreign Bodies of Gastrointestinal Tract: Clinical and Imaging Review of 75 Consecutive Cases

    目的 对上消化道异物的诊治手段及结果进行阶段总结,方便今后诊治手段的选择。方法 对1999~2006年甘肃省康泰医院收治的75例上消化道异物患者的诊断及治疗过程进行回顾性研究。结果 本组病例经保守治疗异物自行排出42例,内镜取出8例,外科手术取出25例,均取得了满意的疗效,住院期间未出现严重并发症。结论 上消化道异物的治疗措施,应依照异物具体情况选择,推荐内镜治疗为首选治疗方法。

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  • 手术取出体内金属异物120例体会

    目的交流适用于基层医疗单位的体内金属异物定位与取出方法。方法对120例体内有金属异物者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。 结果该120例中经手术成功取出体内金属异物115例(95.8%),失败5例(4.2%); 手术时间最短5 min,最长6 h; 30 min内取出者66%; 共取出异物285枚。结论术前X线准确定位,采用垂直切口直达异物的手术方式成功率较高,适合在基层医院开展。

    Release date:2016-08-28 04:43 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 胸食管异物损伤的临床诊断与治疗

    目的 探讨提高胸食管异物损伤诊断及治疗效果的方法。 方法 回顾性分析九江学院附属医院2004年5月至2011年10月26例胸食管异物损伤患者的临床资料,其中男18例,女8例;年龄41.2 (18~70)岁。通过多层螺旋CT (MSCT)成像结合临床特征判断其病理类型,采用胃镜异物取出11例,全身麻醉下胃镜异物取出5例,行开胸手术8例,主动脉覆膜支架腔内隔绝2例。 结果 Ⅰ类损伤10例,Ⅱ类损伤5例,Ⅲ类损伤6例,Ⅳ类损伤5例。20例有异物,6例无异物;24例治愈,2例死亡, 分别因血管置换术中出血及血管修补术后再出血死亡。 结论 依据MSCT成像结合临床特征及病史,明确胸食管异物损伤的诊断及病理类型,采取多学科合作的合理治疗方法,能明显提高胸食管异物损伤的诊疗效果。

    Release date:2016-08-30 05:51 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Surgical Management of Esophageal Foreign Bodies

    Objective To investigate the effect of surgical treatment of patients with esophageal foreign bodies (EFBs), in order to provide a reference for its prevention. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical records of 18 patients with EFBs treated in West China Hospital from June 2005 to December 2010. There were 13 males and 5 females with an average age of 57.50±15.28 years (30 to 82 years). All the 18 patients had a history of ingesting EFBs which were mainly animal bones (10/18). The EFBs were mostly in the upper segments of the esophagus (12/18). Sixteen patients had complications like perforations and severe mucosal injuries, while complications were not detected in the other 2 patients. Fifteen patients received surgical treatment, while the other 3 patients didn’t. Results As for the 15 patients with surgical treatment, the operative time was 136.33±92.86 minutes (50 to 410 minutes), and the hospital stay was 16.35±15.8 days (4.00 to 69.92 days). Three patients (of which,one aged at 78 years and one 82 years) died, among whom two died of multiorgan failure, and 1 died of respiratory failure. All the other 12 patients were discharged from the hospital. For the 3 patients without surgical treatment, the hospital stay time was 5.06±1.47 days ranged from 3.71 to 6.63 days. They were cured and left the hospital. Conclusion EFBs should be treated as early as possible to reduce severe complications. Surgery is still one of the mostly used treatments for EFBs. Senility and complications are the major causes of death. It should be comprehensively assessed whether the EFBs patients should receive operations and which operative procedures should be performed.

    Release date:2016-08-30 05:57 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 外科手术取食管异物15例

    目的探讨外科手术取食管异物的适应证及手术方法。方法采用外科手术摘除尖锐食管异物15例,其中颈段5例,胸段10例。5例颈段异物均合并脓肿,行脓肿切开引流同时取出异物;4例胸段异物摘除后施行改良食管腔内置管术;余6例取出异物后分层缝合食管切口。结果全组无死亡。4例施行食管腔内置管,术后1~2周中毒症状缓解,3~5周拔管后食管X线钡餐造影检查无穿孔或狭窄。1例切开食管取异物后发生右侧脓胸,术后第8d行脓胸廓清术及改良食管腔内置管,1个月后治愈;其余患者术后7~10d恢复经口进食。结论已穿透食管的金属异物和食管镜摘除易引起穿孔的尖锐异物应采用外科手术治疗,改良食管腔内置管对纵隔感染严重、无法修补的穿孔愈合是有帮助的。

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:22 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 支气管异物的外科治疗

    目的总结支气管异物的外科诊治经验。方法回顾分析我科1972年1月~2004年7月经手术治疗的34例支气管异物患者的临床资料。结果34例中急诊手术5例,择期手术29例;行支气管肺修补术31例,肺叶切除术3例。术后发生肺不张4例,脓胸1例,切口感染2例,经处理后均痊愈,无死亡患者。结论对纤维支气管镜取异物失败者,可根据具体情况采取急诊或择期手术是治疗支气管异物的有效途径。

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:25 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 大网膜移植治疗食管感染、穿孔

    目的 探讨食管感染、穿孔的手术治疗方法,以提高其成功率,降低死亡率. 方法 1970~1999年收治食管感染、穿孔患者32例,其中食管异物22例,外伤5例,食管溃疡穿孔3例,医源性损伤2例.所有患者共施行手术56例次.手术方式包括除去异物、胸腔引流、食管破口修补、邻近组织覆盖、带蒂大网膜包绕、病变食管切除、重建食管、胃造口和空肠造口. 结果 治愈26例,好转2例,死亡4例.随访1~5年,22例能进普通饮食. 结论 食管感染、穿孔治疗的关键为去除病因、清除病灶内失活组织、控制感染、胃造口减压、空肠造口供给营养和带蒂大网膜包绕食管.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:31 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 眼内异物合并感染性眼内炎的急诊玻璃体切割手术治疗观察

    Release date:2016-09-02 05:41 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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