Objective To approach the recent advances in diagnosis and surgical treatment of pancreatic endocrine tumors （PETs）. Methods Articles relevant to diagnosis and treatment of PETs were collected and reviewed. Results PETs are characterized by their ability to over-produce peptides and hormones， which cause specific clinical syndromes. Because of rare incidence and complex clinical syndromes， there are still impediments to early diagnosis of these tumors. Monitoring of serum hormones and imaging method allow early tumor detection. PETs have been investigated for the past several decades. With the great knowledge of these tumors in molecular genetic level， clinical managements have been greatly changed. Conclusions Avoiding misdiagnosis is important for treatment of PETs. Surgical approach is still considered as the preferred option for curtailing the malignant progression of PETs and controlling the associated biochemical syndromes.
【摘要】 目的 探讨原发性胰腺淋巴瘤( PPL) 的临床特点及治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析我院2002～2006年期间收治的6 例PPL 的临床资料。结果 本组6 例患者中3 例病灶位于胰头,3 例位于胰体尾。临床症状以上腹不适、黄疸为主。术前仅1 例通过影像学检查获得诊断。2 例行胰十二指肠切除术,3 例行胰体尾联合脾切除术,1 例行剖腹探查、组织活检术。术后病理诊断均为胰腺非霍奇金淋巴瘤。患者术后均行化疗,除1 例失访以外,其余5 例均存活。结论 PPL 的临床症状、影像学表现及实验室检查结果不具特异性,与胰腺癌难以区分,明确诊断有赖于病理组织学检查。对术前未能确诊的胰腺淋巴瘤患者,外科手术治疗结合术后化疗、放疗安全有效。
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo establish adriamycin (ADM) resistant pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990/ADM and to investigate its drug resistance mechanism.MethodsADM-resistant pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990/ADM was obtained by culture of pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990 in vitro with intermittently increasing the concentration of ADM in the culture medium for ten months. After two months of drug free culture, its biological characteristics, drug sensitivity as well as the expression and function of multidrug resistant gene 1 (mdr1) were detected, respectively. ResultsCompared with the parental cell line, SW1990/ADM showed great changes in biological characteristics and developed a cross resistance to various chemotherapy drugs. The drug resistance indexes of cell line SW1990/ADM to ADM, mitomycin, fluorouracil and gemcitabine were 49.60, 7.25, 3.80 and 1.25, respectively. The level of mdr1 mRNA expression in cell line SW1990/ADM was much higher than that of the parental cell line（P＜0.01). ConclusionWe have established adriamycin resistant pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990/ADM with multidrug resistance phenotype, its multidrug resistance is positively relevant to the expression of mdr1.