Objective To explore the surgical method and cl inical short-term outcomes of internal fixation combined closed reduction with arthroscope aid in treating patellar fracture. Methods From June 2004 to July 2008, 42 patients with fresh simple patellar fracture underwent internal fixation combined closed reduction with arthroscope aid, included28 males and 14 females, aged 16-59 years (35 years on average). The locations were 19 left knees and 23 right knees. Injury was by traffic accident in 21 cases, by fall ing in 11 cases, by sports in 7 cases and by crush in 3 cases. All the patients had fresh closed fracture, including 38 cases of transverse fracture and 4 cases of stellate fracture. The Lysholm score was 68.60 ± 15.20; the proprioceptive function of the knee joints was (3.72 ± 0.12)°. The time from injury to operation was 3-42 hours (12 hours on average). After the treatment of affil iated injury under the arthroscope, patellar fracture was reduced with manipulation method, fracture was fixed with tensile force screw or modified tension band. Results All incisions obtained heal ing by first intention after operation, 42 patients were followed up for 12-39 months (16 months on average). The X-ray films showed callus at the fracture and the smooth cartilage surface 6-9 weeks (7 weeks on average) after operation. The flexed motion range of knee joint at last follow-up was at normal range in 38 cases, was l imited in 4 cases. Circumference of suffered l imbs 15 cm above the patella was the same as normal ones in 23 cases, atrophied 0.7 cm in 19 cases. There were no breakage of internal fixation and shift of fracture and patellofemoral arthritis at last follow-up. The proprioceptive function of the knee joints was (2.06 ± 0.11)° and the Lysholm score was 95.10 ± 3.92; all showing statistically significant differences when compared with preoperation (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion This treatment method has advantages as follows: mini-wound, early exercises and few compl ications, which can rinse articular cavity and repair the affil iated injury at the same time.
Objective To compare the axial length (AL) measured with IOLMaster and contact A-Scan in eyes with macular edema (ME) and to investigate the correlation between measurement difference and foveal thickness.Methods Sixty-seven ME eyes of 42 patients (ME group) and 40 healthy eyes of 30 participants (control group) were enrolled in this study. Foveal thickness was measured with 3D optical coherence topography (OCT)-1000. The AL was prospectively measured by IOLMaster and contact A-scan.The correlation between measurement difference and foveal thickness was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.Results Mean foveal thickness of ME eyes was (377.85plusmn;119.84) mu;m. Mean AL by IOLMaster and contact A-scan were (22.95plusmn;0.97) mm and (22.82plusmn;1.04) mm in ME group, and (23.21plusmn;1.08) mm and (23.17plusmn;1.15) mm in the control group respectively. The difference between two groups was statistically significant (t=-3.102,P=0.003). There was no correlation between measurement difference and foveal thickness in ME group (r=-0.097;P=0.447). Conclusions There is a difference of AL measurements using contact A-scan and IOLMaster in ME eyes. However, there was no correlation between measurement difference and the foveal thickness.
OBJECTIVE:To inwestigate the value of fundus fluorescein angiography in evaluation of idiopathic senile macular hole(ISMH). METHODS:fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)and other clinical examination were performed in 26 cases (31eyes)of ISMH patients. RESULTS:Full-thickness macular holes were in 17 and lamellar holes were in 14 of the 31 eyes. Hyperfluorescencequot;window defectquot;was found at the base of all the eyes with full-thickness maeular holes and 2 eyes with lamellar holes. The size of hyperfluorescence zone was smaller than that of those seen in redfree film, hyperfluorescence in 6 eyes (19.4%) showed homogenous ancl 10 eyes (32.5%) granular in pattern. The small yellowish dots in macular hole showed blocked fluorescence,while the halo of macular hole showed hyperfluorescence. CONCLUSION:Fundus fluorescein angiography was useful in differentiating lamellar from full-thickness macular hole and understanding the degree of retinal pigment epithelium damages in macular holes. （Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1996,12: 208-210 ）
ObjectiveTo observe whether multipoint target muscle injection of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) in the treatment of spastic cerebral palsy in children is better than non-multipoint target muscle injection. MethodsFrom February to October 2013, 42 children with spastic cerebral palsy were treated in our hospital. According to the treatment sequence, the children were numbered. Those with an odd number were designated into multipoint target muscle injection group (group A), and those with an even number were put into non-multipoint target muscle ordinary injection group (group B). Each group had 21 children, and all of them were treated with the injection of BTX-A. Modified Ashworth Scoring (MAS) was performed for all the children before treatment, and 2 weeks, one month, and three months after treatment. The change of dorsiflexion range of motion with knee flexion and extension was recorded and compared. The analysis was done by using multilevel statistical method. ResultsBoth groups of children had significantly improved their ankle range and modified Ashworth score (P<0.05). No interaction between measurement time and group was detected, and the differences between the two groups had no statistical significance (P>0.05). ConclusionLower muscle tone, greater ankle mobility and better motor function can be achieved after Botulinum toxin A treatment. For now, we cannot draw the conclusion that the effect of multipoint target muscle injection is better than that of non-multipoint target muscle injection in the treatment of spastic cerebral palsy in children.
Spectrophotometry is a simple hemolytic evaluation method commonly used in new drugs, biomedical materials and blood products. It is for the quantitative analysis of the characteristic absorption peaks of hemoglobin. Therefore, it is essential to select the correct detection wavelength when the evaluation system has influences on the conformation of hemoglobin. Based on the study of changes in the characteristic peaks over time of the hemolysis supernatant in four systems, namely, cell culture medium, phosphate buffered saline (PBS), physiological saline and banked blood preservation solution, using continuous wavelength scanning, the selections of detection wavelength were proposed as follows. In the cell culture medium system, the wavelength of 415 nm should be selected within 4 h; , near 408 nm should be selected within 4~72 h. In PBS system, within 4 h, 541 nm, 577 nm or 415 nm should be selected; 4~72 h, 541 nm, 577 nm or near 406 nm should be selected. In physiological saline system, within 4 h, 414 nm should be selected; 4~72 h, near 405 nm should be selected; within 12 h, 541 nm or 577 nm could also be selected. In banked blood preservation solution system, within 72 h, 415 nm, 540 nm or 576 nm should be selected.
Objective To investigate the effects of Neuritin on the regeneration of the neural axons after acute spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Methods The model of acute SCI at T10 was establ ished in 54 adult healthy Wistar rats (half males and half females) weighing 250-300 g by using the improved Allen’s weight-drop method. The rats were randomly dividedinto 3 groups. 100 μL (6 μg) Neuritin and His protein was injected into group A (n=24) and group B (n=24), respectively,through subarachnoid catheter. Six rats from each group were killed 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after injury to receive Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scal ing, HE staining observation, and immunohistochemistry staining observation for neurofilament 200 (NF-200) and growth associated protein 43 (GAP-43). Group C (n=6) served as sham-operated group receiving laminectomy without spinal injury and with an empty catheter in the subarachnoid space and received the above observations 7 days after injury. Results BBB scale: after operation, the scale of groups A and B was increased over time; group A was significantly higher than group B from 14 days (P lt; 0.05); group C was higher than groups A and B at different time points after operation (P lt; 0.05). HE staining: in group C, the injured spinal tissue was normal after operation; from 7 days after operation, group A presented deeper-stained nissl body, less physal iferous cells, and more nerve synapses when compared with group B. NF-200 and GAP-43 immunohistochemistry observation: in group C, there was just l ittle positive expression; while in groups A and B, positive expression of NF-200 and GAP-43 was evident in the spinal cord from 7 days after operation. Mean density integral absorbency (IA) value of NF-200 and GAP-43: group A was higher than group B at each time point (P lt; 0.05) and group C was lower than groups A and B at each time point (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion Local application of exogenous Neuritin can promote the axonal regeneration after acute SCI in rats and the recovery of the locomotion function of hind-limbs in rats.
Objective Toinvestigate the influence of photocoagulation on macular function and morphous in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR).Methods Forty eyes of thirty patients with severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) were examined by multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) before and 2,7, and 14 days after photocoagulation. The results were statistically analyzed by using analysis of variance and t test; the changes of macular function and macular fovea thickness were detected and observed.Results P1 response densities of ring 1,3,and 5 were 131.79plusmn;50.92，37.50plusmn;17.27，24.07plusmn;11.49，respectively,2 days after photocoagulation; and were 212.96plusmn;53.75，46.70plusmn;15.89，and 30.91plusmn;10.78, respectively, before photocoagulation. The densities before and after photocoagulation differed much（t=7.910, 2.174, 2.205; Plt;0.05）. N1 response density of ring 4 was（60.39plusmn;20.69） and the prephotocoagulation corresponding response density was （107.11plusmn;44.63）; the difference was significant（t=5.375，Plt;0.01）. The latency of P1 of ring 4 was（41.83plusmn;3.41），which had significant statistically difference（t=-2.770，Plt;0.05) with that before photocoagulation（39.52plusmn;2.64); there was no significant changes in the latency of N1 (Pgt;0.05). The most significant changes of P1 and N1 response densities occurred in the central macular 5deg; area. Seven days after photocoagulation, the response density of P1 and N1 in the central macular 5deg; area seemed to be recoverd to some extend and increased to （179.70plusmn;47.10）and (81.11plusmn;34.18) respectively until 14 days after photocoagulation, which was still much lower than that before the photocoagulation（t=3.840, 2.746; P＜0.05）; the response densities of other areas had no significant differences (P＞0.05). Seven days after photocoagulation,the latency of P1 in ring 4 was delayed to（41.78plusmn;3.57）, which had significant difference（t=-3.144，P＜0.01）with that before the photocoagulation（39.52plusmn;2.64) ; but there was no significant difference between 14 days after photocoagulation and prephotocoagulation (t=-1.809，P＞0.05). The latency of N1 in ring 1 was（20.67plusmn;3.85）at seven days after photocoagulation, It had no significant difference (t=-1.171,P＞0.05) with that before the phtocoaguation（18.78plusmn;3.29）. Before and 2 days after photocoagulation, the macular fovea thickness were（224.42plusmn;122.88）and（274.85plusmn;108.20）respectively, and the difference was statistically significant（t=-2.420，P＜0.05）. Forteen days after photocoagulation，the macular fovea thickness was（236.29plusmn;70.45），It had no significant difference with that before the photocoagulation（t=-0.578，P＞0.05）. Before and seven days after photocoagulation, P1 response density had obvious negative correlation with corresponding macular fovea thickness（r=-0.755，Plt;0.01; r=-0.594，Plt;0.05）. Conclusions After photocoagulation in patients with DR，the macular function decreased in a certain degree，and the relationship of macular retinal function and macular morphology changes was close; combination of mfERG and OCT can evaluate macular function and macular morphology structure comprehensively and objectively.