Objective To present a method for quantifying the anastomosis between two vessels based on angiograpy and provide a theoretical basis for vascular study in skin flap. Methods Ten bilateral skin flaps of 20 cm×20 cmbased on deep iliac circumflex vessels were elevated fromthe abdominal wall including musculus rectus abdominis and deep superior epigastric vessels in 5 minipigs which were 100-115 cm in length and 25-35 kg in weight. One side was inserted an expander under the panniculus carnosus and was expanded regularly with 30-40 ml isotonic Na chloride injection (expanded group) and the other was unexpanded group which were without any treatment. A X-ray image of the flap vessles was obtained after a gelatinlead oxide mixture was carotid arterially injected and 24 hours of cryopreservation of the body. Three parallel lines with equal interval perpendicular to long axis of the two vessels were designed at the communication area. Vessel anastomosis quantifying was determined by counting the number of marks derived from the intersections of the lines and the vessels and statistical analysis was carried out. Results The mark of intersectionin expanded group (81.20±10.33) was more than that in unexpanded group (22.40±5.41), showing significant difference(Plt;0.01). Conclusion The method for quantifying vessel anastomosis in skin flap is simple, reliable, and easytoperform. The principles of this procedure may also be applied to other experimental and clinical studies.
Obesity is a prevalent metabolic disorder,which seriously affects human health and has become the world's public health problem. Kinase S6K1, an important downstream effector of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), influences specific pathological responses, including obesity, type 2 diabetes and cancer. Presently, S6K1 has become an attractive therapeutic target in the treatment of these disorders. Here, the functions of kinase S6K1, its molecular regulation mechanisms, related pathogenesis of disease and relevant small molecular inhibitors are reviewed. Finally, the prospect of research toward S6K1 is expected as well.
To explore the effects of tissue expansion on the anastomoses and the survival of the axial pattern flap with a crossing area supply so as to improve the survival of crossing area axial pattern flap and to provide a new idea for the development of original crossing area axial flap. Methods The experiment included two parts. Experiment A was divided into expansion group and control group. Square flaps were randomly designed on own control bilaterally in each animal with a boundary of midl ine. Experiment B was divided into expansion group and delay group. The flaps were also randomly designed on own control bilaterally. Angiographic analysis and gross survival observation were carried on. Results ExperimentA: Angiography showed that there were abundant anastomoses with big cal iber between deep il iac circumflex artery and superior epigastric artery in expansion group and there were only 3-4 anastomoses in control group. Experiment B: Angiography showed that there were abundant anastomoses with big cal iber in expansion group and there were two arterial systems with relatively less anastomoses and smaller cal iber in delay group. The survival rates in expansion group was significantly higher than that in the control group (90.16% ± 3.61% vs 72.67% ± 5.35%) in experiment A, and in experiment B the survival rate was 92.08% ± 3.30% in the expansion group and 80.79% ± 4.52% in the delay group, showing significant difference (P lt; 0.01). Conclusion Expansi on prefabrication can and improve the survival of the crossing area supply axial pattern flap. The mechanism is the bridging effect.