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find Keyword "急诊手术" 20 results
  • Experience on Emergency Devascularization for Treatment of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding due to Portal Hypertension

    Objective To explore and summarize the curative effect and experience of emergency devascularization for treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to portal hypertension. Melthods The clinical data of 42 patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to portal hypertension, undergoing emergency devascularization from March 2006 to July 2011 in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. Results Of the 42 cases, 29 patients underwent emergency splenectomy plus esophagogastric devascularization, 8 patients underwent emergency spleen artery ligation plus esophagogastric devascularization, and 5 patients only underwent emergency esophagogastric devascularization. The hemostasis rate at 3 hours after emergent disconnection operation was 100%. One patient died of liver failure on 8 days after operation. Three patients supervened with hemorrhage in abdominal cavity on 2 days after operation, and succeeded in hemostasis by conservative treatment. Other patients were successfullydischarged from hospital after postoperative rehabilitation for 2-4 weeks. All cases were followed up regular in 1 year after operation, 5 patients were lost to follow-up. Among the 36 cases followed up, rehaemorrhagia occurred in 1 patientin 8 months after operation, cured by endoscopic variceal ligation subsequently. A primary liver cancer occurred in 1 patient during physical examination in 7 months after operation, followed by partial hepatectomy. Other patients could complete daily life and work. Conclusions The patients suffering from upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to portal hypertension are likely to benefit from appropriate operations. Decisive emergency devascularization can stop the bleeding rapidly and effectively, and save the lives of those patients.

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  • Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention of Rebleeding after Splenectomyc

    目的 探讨脾切除术后再出血的原因及诊治方法并总结其预防措施。方法 对我院1998年8月至2009年3月收治的11例脾切除术后再出血患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 本组11例再出血患者均行急诊再手术治疗,10例治愈,无术后并发症,恢复顺利,切口愈合良好,均拆线出院,术后住院10~21 d(平均15 d); 余1例外伤性脾破裂者术中探查为胃短动脉破裂出血,遂结扎胃短动脉,术后发生胃瘘,经禁食、静脉营养等治疗,效果差,于术后20 d死亡。结论 脾切除术后再出血原因较多,以胃短血管处理不当、脾蒂血管结扎线脱落、胰尾部血管损伤及患者凝血功能障碍为主。脾切除术后出血以预防为主,术前充分做好各项准备,术中止血彻底,术后特别是术后24 h内严密观察腹腔引流液的量、性质及速度。再出血后果严重,一旦发生,应及时准确诊断,行急诊再手术治疗。

    Release date:2016-08-28 03:48 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Application and Modification of Revised Trauma Score for Emergency Treatment of Trunk Injury

    Objective To testify the efficacy of revised trauma score (RTS) in evaluating the severity of trunk injury,analyze its inadequacy and make modifications to improve its specificity and accuracy in evaluating trunk injury. Methods Medical records of 278 patients undergoing emergency surgery for the treatment of trunk injury in West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 2006 and June 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 231 males and 47 females in the age of 1-75 (33.7±14.1) years. RTS was calculated for each patient. Hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations in these patients acquired at the emergency room were included to reflect the severity of blood loss. The correlations between RTS and patient response to treatment as well as RTS and prognosis were analyzed. Patient response to treatment and prognosis were compared between the normal RTS group and the abnormal RTS group. Univariate analysis was performed followed by multivariate analysis for the variables which may impact prognosis. Modified RTS was established by regression analysis. Results RTS was significantly correlated with patient response to treatment as well as prognosis. RTS was significantly correlated with the time duration between the onset of injury and the beginning of operation (r =0.249,P<0.001), thoracic and abdominal blood loss volume (r = -0.255,P<0.001),fluid resuscitation volume (r = -0.244,P<0.001) as well as length of ICU stay (r = -0.202,P=0.001). Mortalities in patients with different RTS were statistically different (P=0.004). In the patient group with normal RTS the mortality was 5.1%,which indicates the inadequacy of RTS in evaluating trunk injury. Univariate analysis revealed that both emergency room Hb and RTS were correlated with patients’ prognosis. After putting these two factors into the regression analysis,a new formula to calculate modified RTS is established:Logit (P death)=6.450-0.769×RTS-0.029×Emergency room Hb. Conclusion Modified RTS is more specific in evaluating trunk injury and maintains the advantages of simplicity and rapidness.

    Release date:2016-08-30 05:45 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 急性人工瓣膜功能障碍六例临床分析

    目的 探讨急性人工瓣膜功能障碍的早期诊断及合理治疗措施。 方法 回顾性分析2011年1月至2012年1月武汉亚洲心脏病医院6例急性人工瓣膜功能障碍患者的临床资料,其中男3例,女3例;年龄28~61岁。风湿性心脏瓣膜病5例,退行性心脏瓣膜病1例;行主动脉瓣置换术1例,二尖瓣置换术3例,二尖瓣、主动脉瓣双瓣膜置换术2例。心瓣膜置换术后2个月~8年8个月出现急性人工瓣膜功能障碍,6例患者入院后均在24 h内因心力衰竭表现难以纠正而行气管内插管+有创呼吸机治疗;4例患者于入院后24 h内行急诊外科手术治疗,2例患者放弃手术治疗。 结果 人工瓣膜的主要病理改变为血栓形成、瓣膜赘生物形成、组织水肿、内膜增生和瓣叶活动度降低。经手术治疗的4例患者无围术期死亡,均痊愈出院;未行手术治疗的2例患者均于48 h内死于心力衰竭 。随访4例,随访时间12~23个月,随访期间4例患者均酌情服用利尿剂、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、华法林等药物,术后3个月、6个月、1年复查心脏超声心动图提示人工瓣膜功能良好,术后1年患者心功能均恢复至Ⅰ~Ⅱ级。 结论 急诊床旁经胸超声心动图检查对急性人工瓣膜功能障碍的早期诊断有重要的价值;尽早行外科手术治疗是挽救该类患者生命最有效的手段。

    Release date:2016-08-30 05:45 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 急诊外科手术治疗危重心瓣膜病192例

    目的 总结危重心瓣膜病患者行急诊手术的临床经验,以提高其疗效和治愈率。 方法 自1996年10月至2007年11月对192例危重心瓣膜病患者施行了急诊手术。所有患者均为心瓣膜病合并严重心力衰竭,心功能分级(NYHA)为Ⅲ~Ⅳ级。经内科治疗2~7 d无效时采取急诊手术治疗;行二尖瓣置换术76例次,主动脉瓣置换术64例次,双瓣膜置换术43例次,三尖瓣置换术4例次,三尖瓣成形术45例次,左心房血栓清除和左心房减容 术各5例次,冠状动脉旁路移植术5例次,其他心血管手术9例次。 结果 术中和术后早期分别死亡3例和8例,总手术死亡率为5.7%(11/192),主要死亡原因为术中不能脱离体外循环机、术后发生低心排血量综合征和突发心室颤动等。随访168例,随访时间1个月~11年,失访13例。随访期间死亡8例,主要死于左心衰竭、瓣周漏或心内膜炎复发、尿毒症、夹层动脉瘤等。长期生存160例,心功能恢复至Ⅰ级132例,Ⅱ级15例,Ⅲ级13例;生活质量较术前有所提高。 结论 危重心瓣膜病患者经内科治疗无效时急诊手术具有良好的疗效,是较好的治疗选择。

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:06 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Emergency operation on critical congenital heart disease in infants

    Objective To study the feasibility, indication, technique of emergency operation and the perioperative management on critical congenital heart disease in infants. Methods From May 1998 to May 2003, 67 emergency operations of critical congenital heart disease were performed in infants . The age was 14d-32 months (mean , 11.8±8.9 months), the weight was 2.6-14.8 kg( mean, 8.4±3.0 kg). The diagnosis included ventricular septal defect in 39, tetralogy of Fallot in 13, complete atrioventricular septal defect in 5, total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage in 4, atrial septal defect with pulmonary valve stenosis in 3, D-transposition of the great arteries in 2, and postoperative pulmonary valve vegetation in 1. Corrective operation in 64 and palliative operation in 3 were done. Results The preoperative managing time was 0-9 d(mean , 3.7±2.6 d), the lasting time of intubation was 1-14d( mean, 3.8±3.2 d), and ICU staying time was 2-18 d (mean, 5.7±2.8 d). The operative mortality was 7.5% (5/67), the postoperative complications in other infants include 14 low cardiac output syndrome, 14 atelectasis, 8 lung infection, 2 worsened pulmonary hypertension, 1 pneumothorax , and 1 phrenic nerve paralysis. Following up 2-60 months with 1 case late death, the cardiac function of the others were class Ⅰ-Ⅱ/Ⅵ, the operative result was satisfactory. Conclusions The emergency operation on critical congenital heart disease in infants is safe, and can save most of their lives, the good result can be obtained from surgical treatment. Accurate choice of indications, and perioperative good nutritional and cardiorespiratory function support are important.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:27 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • TREATMENT OF Pipkin TYPE I FRACTURE OF FEMORAL HEAD ASSOCIATED WITH POSTERIOR DISLOCATION OF THE HIP

    Objective To evaluate and compare the outcomes of simple closed reduction, selective fragment excision after closed reduction, and emergency fragment excision and reduction in the treatment of Pipkin type I fracture of femoral head associated with posterior dislocation of the hip. Methods Between January 2002 and January 2008, 24 patients with Pipkin type I fracture of the femoral head associated with posterior dislocation of the hip were treated with simple closed reduction (closed reduction group, n=8), with selective fragment excision after closed reduction (selective operation group, n=8), and with emergency fragment excision and reduction (emergency operation group, n=8). In the closed reduction group, there were 6 males and 2 females with an average age of 37.6 years (range, 19-56 years); injuries were caused by traffic accident in 6 cases, by fall ing from height in 1 case, and by crushing in 1 case with a mean disease duration of 3.1 hours (range, 1.0-7.5 hours); and the interval from injury to reduction was (4.00 ± 2.14) hours. In the selective operation group, there were 7 males and 1 female with an average age of 37.3 years (range, 21-59 years); injuries were caused by traffic accident in 7 cases and by fall ing from height in 1 case with a mean disease duration of 3.2 hours (range, 1.0-6.0 hours); and the interval from injury to reduction was (3.90 ± 1.47) hours. In the emergency operation group, there were 5 males and 3 females with an average age of 35.5 years (range, 20-58 years); injuries were caused by traffic accident in 5 cases, by fall ing from height in 1 case, and by crushing in 2 cases with a mean disease duration of 3.3 hours (range, 1.5-6.5 hours); and the interval from injury to open reduction was (5.10 ± 2.04) hours. There was no significant difference in the age, gender, disease duration, and interval from injury to reduction among 3 groups (P gt; 0.05). Results All wounds in selective operation group and emergency operation group healed primarily. All the patients were followed up 24 to 58 months (mean, 38.7 months). According to Thompson-Epstein system, the excellent and good rates were 50.0% (4/8) in the closed reduction group, 87.5% (7/8) in the selective operation group, and 87.5% (7/8) in the emergency operation group at 24 months after operation, showing significant difference among 3 groups (χ2=9.803, P=0.020). Heterotopic ossification was found in 1 case (12.5%) of the closed reduction group, in 4 cases (50.0%) of the selective operation group, and in 4 cases (50.0%) of the emergency operation group, and avascular necrosis of femoral head was found in 2 cases (25.0%) of the closed reduction group; there was no significant difference in compl ications among 3 groups (P gt; 0.05). Conclusion The treatment of Smith-Petersen approach and fragment excision by selective operation or emergency operation has similar outcome, which are better than the treatment of simple closed reduction.

    Release date:2016-08-31 05:44 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Efficacy of Triclosan-Coated Polyglactin 910 Suture in Reducing Surgical Wound Infection for Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Emergency Operation

    ObjectiveTo evaluate the role of triclosan-coated polyglactin 910 suture in reducing wound infections of emergency gastrointestinal surgeries. MethodsThis was a prospective, randomized, controlled, single center study. From May 2009 to August 2010, 412 patients underwent emergency gastrointestinal operations in our department, 198 of them were chose randomly as experimental group using triclosancoated polyglactin 910 suture for abdominal wall closure, 214 using traditional braiding suture were taken as control. The risk factors for wound healing were analyzed, and wound infection rate was compared between two groups. ResultsThere were no significant differences of gender, age, body mass index, combined diabetes, use of immunosuppressant, and glucocorticoid steroid, type of incision, intraoperative bleeding volume, and operation time between two groups (Pgt;0.05). Wound infection rate of experimental group 〔3.0% (6/198)〕 was significantly lower than that of control group 〔11.7% (25/214), Plt;0.001〕. Especially in subgroup of type Ⅲ incision and operative time more than 120 min, wound infection rate was significantly different between experimental group and control group 〔3.5%(5/141) versus 14.3%(22/154); 3.3%(2/60) versus 21.2%(11/52) respectively, Plt;0.001〕. ConclusionTriclosancoated polyglactin 910 suture can reduce wound infection rate of gastrointestinal emergency operations, especially with type Ⅲ incision and operation time ≥120 min.

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:42 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 腹主动脉瘤破裂急诊手术抢救的配合与体会

    目的探讨手术室护士在腹主动脉瘤破裂行急诊手术救治中的策略及措施。 方法回顾性分析2013年7月8日以急诊方式收入手术室行急诊手术抢救治疗的1例腹主动脉瘤破裂患者的救治过程。 结果患者经积极抢救,手术效果满意,未发生并发症,术后13 d治愈出院。 结论急诊手术治疗是救治腹主动脉瘤破裂患者的有效方法。绿色通道的建立为患者提供了极大的便利。同时,血管外科、急诊、麻醉、影像、护理等科室的高度重视、有效沟通和团结协作,可提高抢救成功率,医疗单位对破裂征兆的及时判断、手术方式的正确选择及急诊手术密切配合,也起到关键性的作用。

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  • Effect of Early Enteral Nutrition on Postoperative Nutritional Status and Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Upper Digestive Tract Ulcer Perforation after Operation

    ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of enteral nutrition support on postoperative nutritional status and clinical outcomes in patients with upper digestive tract ulcer perforation. MethodsSeventy-twe patients with upper gastrointestinal ulcer perforation who treated in Heze Municipal Hospital from 2012 to 2014 were randomly divided into early enteral nutrition (EEN) group (n=36) and parenteral nutrition (TPN)group (n=36) according to their different ways of nutrition, the body weight, body mass index, the levels of prealbumin and albumin before operation and on day 7 ofter operation were analyzed. The time of resumption of gastrointestinal function, the time of hospital stay, hospitalization cost, and postoperative complication were recorded. ResultsThere were no significant differences on levels of body weight, body mass index, serum albumin, and prealbumin before operation between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). On day 7 after operation, the levels of body weight, body mass index, prealbumin, and albumin were significantly low in both groups, and the TPN group was decreased more than EEN group (P < 0.05). The inffect complications in EEN group was lower than in TPN group, the time of resumption of gastrointestinal function in EEN group was shorter than in TPN group, and the hospital stay and hospitalization cost in EEN group were both lower than in TPN group, there were significant difference between the 2 groups (P < 0.05). ConclusionsEarly postoperative enteral nutrition for the patients with upper gastrointestinal ulcer perforation after operation can be effective to improve the nutrition status, reduce the incidence of infectious complications, promote early recovery of gastrointestinal function, reduce hospitalization cost, and accelerate the rehabilitation of patients.

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