Backgroud Chronic hepatitis is the major infectious disease of liver. There is no effective drug for it up to now. Clinical trials have showed that glycyrrhizin have potentional effective for chronic hepatitis. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness, safety and economics of glycyrrhizin for chronic hepatitis B and C. Search strategy The search terms include glycyrrhizin and its products’ name, chronic hepatitis and chronic carrier status. The thais registers of the Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group, the Cochrane Complementary Medicine Field, and the central database of The Cochrane Library as well as MEDLINE, EMBASE and Chinese Biomedical CD Database were searched from their date of inception onward. And the free Internet search was operated to find ongoing and unpublished researches. Twenty Chinese medical journals and relevant academic conference proceedings have been searched by manual method. The reference lists of identified documents were checked as the complementary search. Inclusion criteria All randomized trials that tested glycryyhizin for chronic hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus infection were included in this review. Method of the review According to the principle of Cochrane systematic review, selection of thai for inclusion, assessment of methodological quality, data extraction and data syntheses were conducted by two reviewers.
目的 了解成都市社区老年慢性病患者对关爱的感知和需求，为更好地关爱老年慢性病患者提供依据。 方法 于2011年8月－10月采用随机抽样和问卷调查的方法，对成都市玉林社区、二仙桥社区、草堂街社区和驷马桥社区的180名老年慢性病患者的关爱感知和需求进行调查，并根据调查结果提出相应对策。 结果 180例老年慢性病患者中有98.89%能感受到关爱，1.11%自觉缺乏关爱；感知到的关爱主要来源于家庭成员,占91.01%，其次来源于亲戚朋友和邻居，占7.87%，最少来源于单位同事，占1.12%。关爱需求主要为家人团聚、关心体贴、尊重理解、日常照顾和心理情感支持、帮助解决困难、给予经济资助、提供情感支持等；护理关爱需求以尊重理解排在首位，其次是慢性病日常护理、慢性病的防治、老年保健和慢性病基本知识等。 结论 加强对社区卫生服务人员的能力培训，强化尊老爱老家庭氛围和社会风气，提高老年慢性病患者的关爱感知，有效地为老年慢性病患者提供关爱，更好地促进他们的健康。
长期以来人们一直将吸烟, 包括吸烟成瘾看作是一种习惯, 并没有将其视为一种疾病。这样使得戒烟变得很困难和复杂。吸烟之所以长期广泛流行并造成十分严重的社会经济危害, 原因包括一系列生物、心理、社会因素, 其中最重要的原因是由于香烟烟雾中的尼古丁是一种可以使人成瘾的物质, 使得吸烟人产生烟草依赖。1998 年世界卫生组织正式提出烟草依赖是一种慢性病, 列入国际疾病分类( ICD-10,F17. 2) 。这在吸烟与控烟历史上具有划时代的意义, 将会使控烟工作从此进入一个与以往不同的时代。
Objective To evaluate the quality of studies assessing the value of serum hyaluronic acid in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis, to analyze the sources of bias and variation, and to estimate the accuracy of serum hyaluronic acid in diagnosing early liver cirrhosis and liver fibrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis.Methods We searched MEDLINE (1966 to June 2006), EMbase (1974 to June 2006), CBMdisc (1978 to April 2005), CNKI (2005 to June 2006) and VIP (2005 to June 2006) for studies assessing the diagnostic value of serum hyaluronic acid for liver fibrosis in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. We checked the references in the reports of included studies. QUADAS items were used for quality assessment. Meta-disc software was used to analyze sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic test odds ratio for the pooled analysis and heterogeneity test. DPS2005 software was used to draw SROC curves for those without heterogeneity. Results In total 24 studies were included: 12 published in Chinese and 12 published in English. Results of the pooled analysis showed that, as for radioimmunoassay (RIA), the pooled LR+ of the studies involving the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and the differentiation of absent/present liver fibrosis were 7.029 and 3.608; and the pooled LR- were 0.198 and 0.319, respectively. As for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the pooled LR+ of the studies involving the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis, the differentiation of mild/severe and absent/present liver fibrosis were 6.093, 9.806 and 4.308; and the pooled LR- were 0.354, 0.347 and 0.563, respectively. Conclusion The biases identified from the 24 studies are mainly due to reference standard review bias. By both RIA and ELISA methods, serum hyaluronic acid has a sound value in diagnosing live cirrhosis. Its value in differentiating absent/present liver fibrosis is also acceptable. However, its value in differentiating mild/severe liver fibrosis needs to be further studied.
ObjectiveTo explore the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension and diabetes in floating population in Hubei province, so as to provide reference for the prevention of chronic disease of floating population. MethodA multi-stages sampling was performed among six counties in Hubei province in 2012, according to the different occupations. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the demography, sociology and health-related behavioral characteristics of subjects. Then a univariate analysis and a multivariate analysis were conducted by SPSS 20.0 software. ResultsA total of 1 800 individuals were surveyed, and the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in floating population was 22.7% and 4.9%, respectively. Univariate analysis indicated that significant associations were found between hypertension and such factors as age, occupations, smoking and life satisfaction (all P values < 0.05); and significant associations were found between diabetes and such factors as occupations, educational level and BMI (all P values < 0.05). The results of further logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=2.194, 95% CI 1.940 to 2.483, P=0.001) and life satisfaction (OR=0.291, 95% CI 0.248 to 0.341, P=0.002) were independent risk factors of hypertension, and educational level (OR=3.219, 95%CI 2.016 to 7.565, P=0.011) and gender (OR=0.568, 95% CI 0.323 to 0.999, P=0.049) were independent risk factors of diabetes. ConclusionsThe prevalence of hypertension and diabetes are relative high in floating population of Hubei Province. Increasing age and low life satisfaction are independent risk factors of hypertension in floating population, while male and low educational level are independent risks factors of diabetes.
This paper introduces the background and research design (including site of investigation, study population, baseline survey and follow-up monitoring), which belongs to the Precision Medicine Project of the National Key Research and Development Program of China.
Patients with chronic diseases usually face severe challenges during their transition from hospital to home, such as poor discharge preparation, the increased incidence of medical errors, insufficient self-care capability, and poor participation in healthcare decision, which can result in increased readmission and poor patient safety. This paper reviews the definition of transitional care, single-element transitional care intervention strategy, and multiple-element transitional care intervention strategy, in order to provide new insights into the development of effective and safe transitional care strategies in China.
The new coming era has brought great challenge to present health service model, and the development of new science and technology had improved the reconstruction of medical system and model. With the guidance of evidence-based management and participation of model technology, this paper provides an explanation of the new health service model containing new health management, clinical medicine, chronic disease management and elder care which cover the whole life cycle, so as to implement the " Health China” strategy and develop a whole life cycle health service system for all residents with necessary, high quality, and affordable prevention, treatment, rehabilitation and health promotion.