Objective To observe the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in aqueous humor of patients with macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO). Methods Forty eyes of 40 consecutive patients with macular edema secondary to CRVO (CRVO group) were enrolled in this study. The patients included 25 males and 15 females. The patient age ranged from 38 to 76 years. The control group was 20 patients with senile cataract who underwent phacoemulsification, including 10 males and 10 females. The levels of VEGF165, VEGF165b, IL-6 and MCP-1 in aqueous humor were determined by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. The correlation of VEGF, and IL-6, and MCP-1 were analyzed. Results The median aqueous level of VEGF165, IL-6 and MCP-1 were 1089.0, 165.6, 1253.0 pg/ml respectively in CRVO group, which were higher than the control group's results (168.2, 4.7, 216.4 pg/ml respectively), the differences were statistically significant (Z=-4.549, -6.008, -5.343;P＜0.001). The VEGF165b in CRVO group and control group were 834.0, 915.9 pg/ml respectively, the difference was not statistically significant (Z=-0.207，P＞0.05). The ratio of VEGF165b to VEGF165 in CRVO group and control group were 2.71, 7.28 respectively, the difference was statistically significant (t=-3.007，P＜0.05). There was a highly positive correlation between IL-6 and VEGF in CRVO group (r=0.526,P=0.001) and also mild positive correlation in control group (r=0.425，P=0.070). No correlation between MCP-1 and VEGF was observed in both groups (CRVO group: r=0.211,P＞0.05. Control group: r=-0.019,P＞0.05). Conclusions VEGF165, IL-6 and MCP-1 levels were increased in CRVO patients while the VEGF165b was normal. The ratio between VEGF165b and VEGF165 in aqueous humor of patients with macular edema secondary to CRVO was decreased.
Objective To observe the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in aqueous humor and vitreous body in eyes with proliferative vitreo-retinal diseases, and to investigate the role of VEGF plays in the pathoge nesis of proliferative vitreo-retinal diseases. Methods The concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreous body in eyes with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), retinal vein occlusion (RVO), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and neovascular glaucoma (NVG) were measured by double antibodies sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreous body in eyes with PVR, RVO, PDR and NVG were obviously higher than that in the control group (Plt;0.05), respectively. Among all of the diseases, the concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreous body decreased orderly in NVG, PDR, RVO and PVR (Plt;0.05). The concentration of VEGF in vitreous body in eyes with PVR, RVO, PDR and in the control group were much higher than that in aqueous humor in corresponding groups (Plt;0.05). There was a negative correlation between the disease history and content of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreous body in patients with PVR (r=－0.819, －0.823；Plt;0.05). The disease history positi vely correlated with the concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreous body in patients with RVO (r=0.913, 0.929；Plt;0.05), and the time of vitreous hemorrhage positively correlated with the concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreous body in patients with PDR (r=0.905, 0.920；Plt;0.05). Conclusion The concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreous body in patients with proliferative vitreo-retinal diseases significantly increases, and VEGF may play an important role in the pathoge nesis of proliferative vitreo-retinal diseases. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2006, 22: 313-316)
Objective To detect the changes of function of blood-aqueous barrier in different Syndrome stages of patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome in order to provide the appropriate therapy. Methods According to clinical manifestation, 77 patients (144 eyes) with VKH syndrome were divided into 4 groups: 10 cases in posterior uvietis stage group (20 eyes), 27 in anterior uveal involvement stage group (50 eyes), 23 in recurrent anterior uvitis stage group (41 eyes), and 17 in convalescent stage group (33 eyes). The other 50 cases (100 eyes) were in the control group. Flare and cells of anterior chamber in patient with VKH Syndrome at different stages were graded and measured by laser flare and cell meter (LFCM) and slitlamp microscope. Results According to the results of slitlamp biomicroscopy, anterior chamber flare and cells were at the 0 grade in the patients at posterior uvietis stage (20 eyes). The results of LFCM examination revealed that the flare value and cells were (9.7±3.4) pc/ms and (0.9±0.6)/0.5 mm3 in posterior uvietis stage group, and (5.3±2.3) pc/ms and (0.8±0.6)/0.5 mm3 in the control group. The differences between the two groups were significant (Plt;0.001) and insignificant (P=0.899), respectively. In anterior uveal involvement stage group, the cells in anterior chamber was at grade 1+ in 25 eyes, 2+ in 19, and 3+ in 6, respectively, while the flare was at grade 1+in 27 eyes and 2+ in 23; the number of cells in anterior chamber was (13.7±6.5)/0.5 mm3，(40.8±17.6)/0.5 mm3, and (75.7±25.5)/ 0.5 mm3 respectively, and the value of flare was (31.4±12.8) pc/ms and (133.4±59.5) pc/ms. In recurrent anterior uvitis stage group, the cells in anterior chamber was at grade 1+ in 19 eyes, 2+ in 15, and 3+ in 7, respectively, while the flare was at grade 1+ in 24 eyes and 2+ in 17; the number of cells in anterior chamber was (11.2±5.4)/0.5 mm3，(29.6±14.4 )/0.5 mm3,and (69.3±22.2)/0.5 mm3, respectively, and the value of flare was (34.94±14.3) pc/ms and (150.9±83.3) pc/ms. The flare and cells in anterior chamber both in anterior uveal involvement stage and recurrent anterior uvitis stage group were higher than that in the control group (Plt;0.001). In convalescent stage group, the cells was at grade 0 in 33 eyes and the flare was at grade 0 in 15 eyes and 1+ in 18; while the number of cells was (1.0±0.7)/0.5 mm3 which was insignificantly differed from that in the control group (P=0.310), and the value of flare was (9.5±4.8) pc/ms and (30.0±12.3) pc/ms which were both higher than that in the control group (Plt;0.001). Conclusions The breakdown of blood-aqueous barrier with different degrees occurs at each stage in VKH syndrome, whereas inflammatory cells appearing in anterior chamber are only noted at some certain stages. This is very significant to offer directional and effective treatment to the patients with VKH syndrome. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2005, 21: 363-366)
Objective To detect the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in plasma and intraocular liquid (aqueous humor and vitreous body) in patients with deabetic retinopathy (DR) and the role VEGF plays in the development of DR. Methods The concentrations of VEGF in plasma, aqueous humor and vitreous body in DR and normal group were detected by ELISA. Results The concentration of VEGF in plasma was (34.47plusmn;1.76) pg/ml in non-DR group, (53.93plusmn;3.08) pg/ml in single DR group, (53.36plusmn;3.28) pg/ml in proliferative DR group, and (178.30plusmn;10.13) pg/ml in control group. There was no significant difference in the normal and the experimental groups (P＜0.05). The concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor was (184.8plusmn;12.60) pg/ml in proliferative DR group and (90.06plusmn;8.32) pg/ml in the control group, and there was significant difference between them (P＜0.05). The concentration of VEGF in vitreous body was (741.70plusmn;92.02) pg/ml in proliferative DR group and (94.38plusmn;21.21) pg/ml in the control group, and there was significantdifference between them (P＜0.05). There was no correlation of VEGF concentration in plasma and that in aqueous humor and vitreous respectively(P＞0.05), and positive correlation of VEGF concentration was found in vitreous body and HbA1c (r=0.9067,P＜0.01). Conclusions Concentration of VEGF in plasma in patients with DR is lower than that in the normal persons,but not correlated with the concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreousbody. The concentration of VEGF in aqueous humor and vitreous body increase in patients with proliferative DR, and the increase in vitreous body and the value of HbA1c of the patients correlate. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2004，20：343-345)
Objective To review the distribution and shifting trends of cultured bacteria from the aqueous humor and the vitreous body. Methods A retrospective analysis on distribution of Gram′s stain, the distribution and change of isolates was performed in 522 specimens (aqueous humor,261 and vitreous body,261) of patients with suspected endophthalmitis during a 10-year period (1989-1998). Results The positive cultures were 119 (aqueous humor,44 and vitreous body,75) of 522 specimens. The average positive rate was 22.8%. Gram-positive cocci constituting 45.4%(54) of total isolates followed by Gram-negative bacilli,34.5%(41);Gram-positive bacilli, 20.2%(24). In the positive bacterial cultures, enterobacteriaceae was the most common isolate, 18.5%, and the next was micrococcus, 16.0%; coagulase-negative staphylococcus,12.6%; and pseudomonas,10.9%.Comparing the data from 1989 through 1993 with the data from 1994 through 1998, the frequency of Gram-positive cocci had no significant change, while the frequency of Gram-positive bacilli was decreased and the percentage of Gram′s-negative bacilli was increased. Conclusions Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli are the predominant pathogens of bacterial endophthalmitis. The percentage of Gram′s-negative bacilli has increased for 5 years. It is very important to comprehend the distribution and shifting trends of these pathogenic bacteria for diagnosis, prevention and treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2002, 18: 104-105)
Objective To detect the levels of vascular endoth elial growth factor (VEGF) in aqueous humor and vitreous of patients with neovascular glaucoma (NVG) and infer their possible effect on the development of neovascularization of iris. Methods The concentration of VEGF in 22 samples of ocular fluid of aqueous humor and vitreous respectively obtained from 11 patients with NVG undergone intraocular surgery were measured by using enzyme linked immunosobent assay (ELISA) for quantitative analysis. As control, 12 samples of ocular fluid of 6 patients with macular hole were detected by the same methods. Results The mean [AKx-]plusmn;s VEGF concentrations in aqueous humor and vitreous from patients with NVG were [(1.451plusmn;0.247)、(1.610plusmn;0.125) ng/ml] higher than those in the cotrol group [(0.189plusmn;0.038)、(0.201plusmn;0.055) ng/ml], there was a significant difference between the two groups statistically (t=12.007，Plt;0001；t=26.0 57，Plt;0.001). Conclusion The patients with NVG have significantly increased level of VEGF in ocular fluid, and VEGF might fill the role in mediating active iris neovascularization. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,17:305-306)