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find Keyword "报警" 6 results
  • Analysis of the Causes of 104 Ventilator Alarms

    Objective To analyze the common causes of ventilator alarms during mechanical ventilation and their management. Methods A total of 104 ventilator alarms that were not instantly solved by first-line residents but referred to pulmonary therapist and attending physicians during September 2007 and August 2008 in the MICU of our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Results Of all the 104 ventilator alarms, 27 ( 26%) were due to problems of ventilation circuits; 18 were due to patient effortagainst ventilator secondary to anxiety, horror or pain; 15 were due to inappropriate ventilator parameters;13 were due to airway problems; 5 were due to ventilator malfunction; 4 were due to worsening clinical status; 22 were due to other causes. Conclusion During mechanical ventilation, accurate assessment andprompt management of ventilator alarms are of great importance to patient safety and ventilation efficacy.

    Release date:2016-08-30 11:54 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • MICTURITION ALERT DEVICE DEDICATED TO NEUROGENIC BLADDERS

    To introduce a micturition alert device dedicated to neurogenic bladders. Methods The design and mechanism of the micturition alert device were explained, the effectiveness was tested in a cranine experiment. Results The micturition alert device consisted of a permanent magnet sutured on the anterior bladder wall and a warning unit sutured on theinferior abdominal wall. The warning unit was assembled with a compass-l ike switch, a power supply, a buzzer and a power switch. Bladder volume determined the position of the magnet which determined the magnetic field at the point of the warning unit. The change of magnetic field was read by the warning unit. With increasing bladder volume from initial state to 200 mL in 8 dogs, the magnet moved cranially 32.8 mm averagely (from 31.3 mm to 34.1 mm) and the hand of warning unit turned 52° (from 47° to 57°). The value of the warning unit was correlated positively to the bladder volume (r =1.0, P lt; 0.01). If the desired bladder volume was determined as 150 mL to activate the warning unit to alarm in advance, the fullness of bladder was 147.6 mL averagely from135 mL to 160 mL, with an error less than 15 mL (10%). Conclusion The micturition alert device including a warning unit and permanent magnet could monitor bladder volume continuously and alarm in time for the patients with loss of micturition desire. It is simple, easily-made, cheap and conveniently used. It is worth of further study.

    Release date:2016-09-01 09:12 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS OF THE MICTURITION ALERT DEVICE DEDICATED TO NEUROGENIC BLADDERS

    Objective To study major influential factors of the micturition alert device dedicated to neurogenic bladders for the product design and cl inical appl ication of the device. Methods One ferrite permanent magnet with thickness and diameter of 3 mm and 10 mm, respectively, and three NdFeB permanent magnets with the thickness of 3 mm and diameter of 10, 15 and 20 mm, respectively, were used. The effects of thickness of the abdominal wall as well as the position and type of permanent magnets on the micturition alert device dedicated to neurogenic bladders were measured in vitro simulated test, when the abdominal wall was set to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 cm, respectively, and the position of permanent magnets was 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 cm, respectively. The effect of the geomagnetic field on the device was measured under the condition that the thickness of the simulated abdominal wall was set to 2, 3, 4 and 5 cm, respectively,and the position of permanent magnets was 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 cm, respectively. Results The value showed inthe warning unit was positively correlated with the position of the ferrite permanent magnet only when the thickness ofthe simulated abdominal wall was 2 cm (r=0.632, P lt; 0.05). The correlation between the value of the warning unit andthe position of NdFeB permanent magnets was significant (r gt; 0.622, P lt; 0.05), which was intensified with the increasingdiameter of NdFeB permanent magnets, but weakened with the increasing thickness of the simulated abdominal wall. The effect of the geomagnetic field was correlated with the exposition of the body, the position of the permanent magnet and the thickness of the abdominal wall. Conclusion The major influential factors of the micturition alert device dedicated to neurogenic bladder include the magnetism and location of the permanent magnet, the thickness of the abdominal wall and the geomagnetic field. These factors are correlated with and affect each other. Reasonable allocation of these factors may optimize the device.

    Release date:2016-09-01 09:16 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF MICTURITION ALERT DEVICE DEDICATED TO NEUROGENIC BLADDER

    Objective To investigate the biocompatibil ity of sil ica gel embedded permanent magnets of themicturition alert device dedicated to neurogenic bladder. Methods According to the national standards of biologicalevaluation of medical equipment (GB/T 16886), Shanghai Biomaterial Research and Test Center was confided to evaluate the biocompatibil ity of sil ica gel embedded permanent magnets both in vitro and in vivo, including cytotoxicity test, sensitization test, primary skin irritant test and acute general toxicity test. The cytotoxicity test was performed according to the agar diffusion method. The L929 cell discoloration index and cell lysis index were counted at 24 hours after the action of the specimen. The sensitization test was performed according to the maximal dose method. The skin response was evaluated in 30 male albino guinea-pigs at 24 and 48 hours after the routine induction and provocation of leaching l iquors of the specimen. The primary skin irritant test was evaluated in 2 male healthy New Zealand rabbits according to the local tissue response at 24, 48 and 72 hours after intradermal injection of leaching l iquors of the specimen. The acute general toxicity test was evaluated in 10 male Kumming mice musculus albus according to animal condition at 4, 24, 48 and 72 hours after injection of leaching l iquors of the specimen through the caudal vein. Both the general reaction of canines and the pathology of the local bladder walls were observed at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after a permanent magnet was fixed on the anterior wall of urinary bladder in three canines. Results No sensitization, no stimulation and no acute general toxicity were observed except sl ight cytotoxicity to sil ica gel embeddedpermanent magnets. After implantation of a permanent magnet, the canines showed excellent tolerace, which manifested as no abnormal ity in spirit, appetite, urine and stool, healed wounds and no infection. Adhesions occurred between the epiploon and the bladder wall around the permanent magnet in two canines at 2 and 4 weeks, and between the lower abdominal wall and the bladder wall around the permanent magnet in the other canine at 8 weeks. The local bladder wall below permanent magnet was thickened, the fibrous capsule around the permanent magnet was thin, but the bladder mucosa was normal. Inflammatory reaction such as congestion, edema and inflammatory cells lessened from the serosa layer to the mucosa layer microscopically. Conclusion Sil ica gel embedded permanent magnets used in the micturition alert device dedicated to neurogenic bladde has excellent biocompatibil ity and meet the criteria for cl inical appl ication.

    Release date:2016-09-01 09:17 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Research on Influence of Different Syringe Types on Quality Control of Syringe Pump

    To evaluate the influence of different brands of syringes on performance parameters and application quality of syringe pump, we carried out matching experiment of infusion/syringe pump analyzer Rigel Multi-Flo, made by ALK Co. in Sweden, for 3 different types of syringes to measure the flow rate, occlusion alarm pressure, occlusion time and bolus volume of 26 syringe pumps. Data of quality control were analyzed with statistical method. The results demonstrated that there were significant differences in the flow rate, occlusion alarm pressure, occlusion time and bolus volume (P<0.01) between those of common syringes and original syringes. This study points out that the health care providers should select compatible syringes for syringe pumps, which provides evidence and guidance to assure the reasonable and safe application of syringe pumps in clinical practice.

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  • 癫痫发作的报警与预警

    癫痫是一种最常见的神经系统疾病,特点为多数发作无诱因且难以预测。发作可导致合并症,包括外伤及癫痫猝死(Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy,SUDEP),并致生活质量下降。过去20年广泛研究了发作的预警和报警,开发很多方法及设备,如头皮脑电图、颅内脑电图、肌电图、皮肤电变化、心率和心率变异性(Heart rate variability,HRV)。其中HRV是最有前景的方法。发作发放通过网络导致交感神经和副交感神经间不平衡并且改变了自主神经发放合并心率异常。过去20年用计算机方法开发了HRV的谱分析。HRV的变化早于脑电图发作和临床发作的开始。HRV可能是癫痫发作的预警和报警的指标。现在虽有很多关于癫痫的HRV算法,但是缺少标准的对于癫痫患者的方案,并且没有固定的监测模式,使之难以转化为临床实用,解决这个问题是十分重要的。总结出一个HRV评估的最低方案可用于所有癫痫患者的研究十分必要,可使HRV成为预警癫痫发作的有用工具。

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