ObjectiveTo explore the relationship of topoisomerase typeⅡA (TOP2A)to human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2/neu), and the therapeutic prediction of TOP2A in clinical chemotherapy for breast cancer. MethodThe Cochrane, Medline, Embase, PubMed, CNKI, and WANFANG data were retrieved to get the related literatures about TOP2A and the effect of anthracycline-based drugs. ResultsThe TOP2A gene and HER2 gene were all located in 17q21, the TOP2A gene was a downstream gene of the HER2 gene. There was some relationship of the HER2 to TOP2A gene abnormality. There was some controversy about HER2 and TOP2A on anthracycline regimens reaction. It was generally accepted that the status of TOP2A gene for predicting the effect of patients with anthracycline regimens might be more precise. There was inconsistency between the gene amplification and overexpression of TOP2A, which was two different biological behaviors, and which might be the characteristics of different molecular subtypes. In terms of the present study, a plenty of clinical researches could illustrate that TOP2A was an important target of anthracycline. But anthracycline-based drugs could induce the apoptosis of the cell through various mechanisms, so the anthracyclinebased drugs killed tumor cells in breast cancer needed not inhibit TOP2A, might be more complex than previously predicted. ConclusionsTOP2A is an important target of anthracycline. But it seems to be limited only by observing the TOP2A for predicting curative effect of anthracycline-based drugs.