ObjectiveTo understand the research progress of Aurora kinase A (AURKA) in colorectal cancer, so as to provide new ideas for treatment of colorectal cancer. MethodThe relevant to literature on AURKA and its relation with colorectal cancer was searched and reviewed. ResultsThe AURKA was a member of the polygenic family of mitosis/threonine protein kinases. The studies in recent years had found that the AURKA not only played an important role in the regulation in the cell cycle processes, but also played a different role outside the cell cycle. The AURKA abnormally expressed in a variety of malignancies, including colorectal cancer, and was associated with a poor prognosis in patients, and many inhibitors against AURKA were developed and evaluated at different stages of clinical study. ConclusionAs a key gene in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer, AURKA should be further studied to clarify its specific mechanism of action, and targeted drugs may be developed.
ObjectiveTo investigate the differentiation of rat adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into neuronlike cells by indirect co-culture with Schwann cells (SCs) in vitro so as to look for the ideal seed cells for tissue engineering. MethodsSCs were isolated from sciatic nerves of 1-2 days old Sprague-Dawley rats with enzymatic digestion method. Immunofluorescence staining was used to identify SCs with the marker S-100. ADSCs were isolated from the epididymal fat pads of adult male Sprague-Dawley rats by means of differential attachment. And the cell phenotypes (CD29, CD34, CD45, CD73, CD90, and CD105) of ADSCs at passage 3 were determined by flow cytometry analysis. Primary SCs and ADSCs at passage 3 were co-cultured at a ratio of 2:1 in Transwell culture dishes (experimental group), and ADSCs cultured alone served as control group. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were adopted to investigate the neural differentiation of ADSCs at 14 days. The expression differences for neuron-specific enolase (NSE), microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), neuronal nuclei protein (NeuN), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were detected, and the percentage of positive cells was calculated. ResultsADSCs were successfully extracted and can passage in a considerable large amount. Flow cytometry analysis showed that ADSCs at passage 3 were positive for CD29, CD90, CD73, and CD105 expression, but negative for CD34 and CD45 expression. The ADSCs of the experimental group showed contraction of nucleus, increasing of soma refraction, and several long and thick protrusions of cell body. The cell shape had no obvious change in the control group. Both immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis results showed the expressions of MAP2, NSE, NeuN, and GFAP at 14 days after co-cultured with SCs, and the positive cell ratios were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01). ConclusionCo-culture with SCs not only can promote the survival regeneration of ADSCs, but also can induce the differentiation of ADSCs into neuron-like cells.
Objective To explore the value of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) 3D imaging in evaluating the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer. MethodsSixty-one patients with gastric cancer diagnosed by gastroscopy and pathological examination at the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from January 2019 to March 2022 were divided into chemotherapy effective group (n=39) and ineffective group (n=22) according to postoperative pathological regression grade (tumor regression grade, TRG) standards. MSCT was performed before neoadjuvant chemotherapy and before undergoing surgical treatment after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The independent predictors related to the efficacy of chemotherapy were screened by binary logistics regression analysis of CT conventional observation indexes (including maximum tumor thickness, gastric wall motility, enhancement mode, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, peritoneal thickening or peritoneal nodules). Tumor volume and maximum tumor thickness were measured with the imaging histology software ITK-snap, and the diagnostic efficacy of tumor volume and CT conventional observation indexes was analyzed. Results In the evaluation of chemotherapy efficacy, tumor volume reduction rate and tumor maximum thickness reduction rate can evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapy to a certain extent (P< 0.01). The statistically significant indicators (tumor maximum thickness reduction rate, gastric wall motility, lesion intensification mode and peritoneal thickening and nodules) were analyzed by univariate analysis and binary logistic regression. The results showed that gastric wall motility [OR=0.294, 95%CI (0.093, 0.928), P=0.037] and maximum tumor thickness reduction rate [OR=0.282, 95%CI (0.083, 0.957), P=0.042] were independent predictors of the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for progressive gastric cancer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were plotted based on the predicted probability variable obtained from both and the results showed that the area under curve (AUC=0.900) , sensitivity (83.3%), and specificity (99.8%) of the tumor volume reduction rate were all higher than those of CT clinical index prediction probability variables (AUC=0.802, sensitivity was 58.3%, specificity was 85.7%). ConclusionThe measurement of tumor volume by MSCT combined with the imaging omics software ITK-snap provides an objective basis for the prediction of the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and its diagnostic efficacy is better.
Objective To systematically review injury, death, and their causes in elderly people in China from 2000 to 2020 and to prevent and reduce the occurrence of injuries and death. Methods The CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data, PubMed, SinoMed, and Web of Science databases were searched to collect studies on injury and death among elderly people over 60 years of age who resided in China from January 2000 to December 2020. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. A meta-analysis was then performed using R 4.1.2 software. Results A total of 41 studies with 187 488 subjects were included, including 125 million elderly individuals. The pooled injury mortality rate was 135.58/105 (95%CI 113.36/105 to 162.14/105, P<0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that male injury death (146.00/105, 95%CI 116.00 to 183.74, P=0.001) was significantly higher than that of females (127.90/105, 95%CI 102.31 to 159.88, P=0.001) and that overall injury mortality increased exponentially with age (R2=0.957), especially in those over 80 years old. The spatial distribution showed that the injury death rate in the central region was higher than that in the east and west and higher in the countryside than in the city. The time of death distribution showed that after China became an aging society (2000-2020), the time of death was significantly later than before (1990-2000). There were more than 12 types of injuries that caused death, the top three of which were falling, traffic accidents, and suicide. Conclusion From 2000 to 2020, the injury mortality rate of the elderly people in China initially increase and then slightly decrease. The phenomenon affects more men than women, especially those beyond the age of 80. Regional differences are identified, and the types of injuries that cause death are mainly falls, traffic accidents, and suicide. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.