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"李艳霞" 3 results
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Objective
To investigate nosocomial infection rate in Intensive Care Unit (ICU), its risk factors and the pathogenic characteristics of multidrug-resistant bacteria through targeted monitoring, in order to provide scientific references for reducing nosocomial infection.
Methods
Targeted monitoring was performed on the patients who were admitted to the comprehensive ICU between July 2014 and June 2016.
Results
Nosocomial infection occurred in 312 of the 4 991 patients. The case infection rate was 6.25%, and case infection rate per day was 19.03‰. After the adjustment, the case infection rate per day was 6.77‰. The ventilator-associated pneumonia infection accounted for 30.78‰; catheter-related bloodstream infection occupied 0.30‰; and catheter-associated urinary tract infection accounted for 0.27‰. The respiratory tract was the major part of nosocomial infection, accounting for 90.38%. Gram-negative bacilli were the major bacteria accounting for 92.74%, in whichAcinetobacter baumannii accounted for 36.29%.
Conclusions
Through targeted monitoring to keep abreast of the current situation of nosocomial infection in ICU, management and interventions can be targeted. It is an important way to reduce nosocomial infection in ICU.
Release date:2017-03-27 11:42
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目的探讨局部肺叶灌洗治疗合并呼吸衰竭的重症肺泡蛋白沉积症(pulmonary alveolar proteinosis,PAP)的可行性及安全性。方法回顾3例合并呼吸衰竭的PAP患者通过局部肺叶灌洗后逐渐自愈的诊治经过,并复习相关中外文献进行总结分析。结果3例患者均为男性,年龄50~55岁,有长期的粉尘、生物燃料或者消毒物质的密切接触史,以“咳嗽、呼吸困难”入院。入院时呼吸空气动脉血气分析均提示I型呼吸衰竭,胸部高分辨率CT(high-resolution computed tomography,HRCT)呈“铺路石征”;1例患者取支气管肺泡灌洗液、2例患者取支气管镜肺活检行过碘酸–雪夫染色结果均为阳性而确诊PAP。2例患者接受了1次局部肺叶灌洗,1例患者接受了2次局部肺叶灌洗,灌洗后1~5 d复查胸部HRCT与灌洗前相仿,但呼吸困难症状均较前明显改善,动脉血气分析提示呼吸衰竭纠正。出院后密切随诊1~6个月,患者均无呼吸困难复发,胸部HRCT提示双肺弥漫性斑片影几乎全部吸收。截止到2021年1月,在中国知网、维普、万方等数据库以“肺泡蛋白沉积症”和“支气管肺泡灌洗”为检索词,在PubMed数据库以“pulmonary alveolar proteinosis”和“lobar lavage”为关键词,共检索到相关中英文文献64篇,其中合并呼吸衰竭的重症PAP患者43例。大部分报道是利用反复、多次的局部肺叶灌洗,将双肺的所有肺叶逐一进行灌洗,最多者局部肺叶灌洗次数多达20次,时间跨度达4个月;一些研究是将局部肺叶、肺段灌洗作为“预洗”或者“桥梁”,改善临床症状后再进行全肺灌洗;一些研究对比了接受全肺灌洗或肺叶灌洗患者的治疗效果,认为两者疗效相仿,大部分患者仅需要1次灌洗,临床症状即有明显改善。结论肺叶局部灌洗治疗合并呼吸衰竭的重症PAP是安全有效的,同时在1~2次局部肺叶灌洗后,1~6个月随访PAP患者病情呈自愈倾向,短时间内反复、多次灌洗可能是不必要的。
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目的 评价玻璃酸钠应用于膝关节半月板损伤行关节镜半月板修整成型术后患者的近期疗效。 方法 2008年9月-2009年3月,共收治50例膝关节半月板损伤患者,男29例,女21例,年龄18~65岁。采用随机、对照方法将患者分为两组:试验组25例,为关节镜术后应用玻璃酸钠组;对照组25例,为关节镜术后空白对照组。随访时间3~6个月,无失访患者。两组治疗前后采用Lysholm评分对膝关节功能进行评定。 结果 随访发现两组术后关节症状均好转。两组术前和术后1周Lysholm评分差异无统计学意义(P≥0.05),两组术后2、3、4、5周Lysholm评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 膝关节半月板损伤患者,行关节镜手术后应用玻璃酸钠,有利于其术后的康复。