ObjectiveTo evaluate the most efficient method for transfection of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMCSs) in vivo. MethodsHUCMSCs were isolated from human umbilical cord and cultured, which were labelled by PKH26 and lentivirus-GFP, then were observed by using a fluorescence microscope. Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into PKH26 transfection group and lentivirus-GFP transfection group. The right hepatic lobe of rat was resected, then the transfected stem cells were injected into portal vein. The rats were sacrificed on day 3, 8, and 13 after transfection. The liver specimens were observed by using a fluorescence microscope. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the percentage of transfected stem cells and the apoptotic stem cells. ResultsThe third generation of HUCMSCs labelled by PKH26 and lentivirus-GFP were spindle shaped. PKH26 red dye was evenly distributed in the cell membrane of HUCMSCs and could be clearly labelled. The HUCMSCs labelled by lentivirus-GFP were green fluorescence under the fluorescence microscope, and it was clear and stable. The HUCMSCs were clear and could be clearly distinguished on day 3 after transfection by two methods in vivo. As the time went by, red was faded and blurred, then was gradually disappeared on day 13 after transfection in the HUCMSCs stansfected by PKH26; but the color in the HUCMSCs stansfected by lentivirus-GFP were clear at all the time points. The transfection rate of the lentivirus-GFP was significantly higher that that of the PKH26 (P < 0.05), the rate of apoptotic stem cells had no significant differences at all the time points between these two groups (P > 0.05). ConclusionLentivirus-GFP transfection is a higher efficient method for stem cell labelling in vivo, it could be used to observe transplantation cells for a long time in future.
ObjectiveTo explore the effect and significance of continuous nursing in patients with clean intermittent catheterization. MethodsFrom July to December 2013, 47 patients with spinal cord injury still relying on clean intermittent catheterization were selected as the control group, whom were given the routine care and guidance. From January to June 2014, 51 patients with spinal cord injury still relying on clean intermittent catheterization were selected as the study group; in addition to routine nursing instruction before leaving hospital, they were also guided with the continuous nursing. In the way of telephone follow-up, we analyzed the results via the questionnaire of the effect of continuous nursing for spinal cord injured patients with clean intermittent catheterization. ResultsThe incidence of catheter related complications such as urinary tract infections in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The caregivers' ability for patients in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). ConclusionThe continuous follow-up nursing instruction can improve the nursing ability of caregivers, and effectively reduce the occurrence of catheter related complications.
The 2020 ACC/AHA Guideline for the Management of Patients with Valvular Heart Disease not only updates aortic valve stenosis, mitral regurgitation, prosthetic valves, infective endocarditis and antithrombotic treatment on the basis of the 2017 guidelines update for valvular heart disease, but also involves aortic valve regurgitation, bicuspid aortic valve, mitral stenosis, tricuspid regurgitation, combined valve disease, pregnancy with valvular disease, valve disease complicated with coronary heart disease, valve disease complicated with non-cardiac surgery and the prospect of comprehensive management of valve disease. It covers a wide range of contents, which are introduced in detail and comprehensively. This paper interprets some highlights and core issues, including the top 10 take-home messages, the severity of valvular heart disease, and the updates in the management of aortic valve stenosis, aortic valve regurgitation, bicuspid aortic valve, mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation.
Objective To explore the potential mechanism of the occurrence and development of lupus nephritis (LN) and identify key biomarkers and immune-related pathways associated with the progression of LN. Methods We downloaded a dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. By analyzing the differential expression of genes and performing weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), as well as Gene Ontology enrichment, Disease Ontology enrichment, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment, we explored the biological functions of differentially expressed genes in LN. Using three machine learning models, namely LASSO regression, support vector machine, and random forest, we identified the hub genes in LN, and constructed a line diagram diagnosis model based on the hub genes. The diagnostic accuracies of the hub genes were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve, and the relationship between known marker gene sets and hub gene expression was analyzed using single sample gene set enrichment analysis. Results We identified a total of 2297 differentially expressed genes. WGCNA generated 7 co-expression modules, among which the cyan module had the highest correlation with LN. We obtained 347 target genes by combining differential genes. Using the three machine learning methods, LASSO regression, support vector machine, and random forest, we identified three hub genes (CLC, ADGRE4P, and CISD2) that could serve as potential biomarkers for LN. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) analysis showed that these three hub genes had significant diagnostic value (AUCCLC=0.718, AUCADGRE4P=0.813, AUCCISD2=0.718). According to single sample gene set enrichment analysis, the hub genes were mainly associated with apoptosis, glycolysis, metabolism, hypoxia, and tumor necrosis factor-α-nuclear factor-κB-related pathways. Conclusions By combining WGCNA and machine learning techniques, three hub genes (CLC, ADGRE4P, and CISD2) that may be involved in the occurrence and development of LN are identified. These genes have the potential to aid in the early clinical diagnosis of LN and provide insight into the mechanisms underlying LN progression.