【摘要】 目的 建立血液中乙醇的直接稀释-填充柱气相色谱测定法，将其与现行推荐方法GA/T105-1995进行对比，同时对不同采血管对乙醇含量的影响进行研究。 方法 使用GDX-102填充柱作为分析柱，柱温160 ℃，汽化室190 ℃，检测器（FID）190 ℃；用1 mg/mL正丙醇溶液稀释血液50倍，经离心后，取上清液1 μL进样测定。 结果 本法回收率91.2%~105.7%，与GA/T105-1995推荐方法测定结果最大相对误差为7.1%，血液保存于非抗凝管的血醇浓度比抗凝管稍高。 结论 该法适用于血液中乙醇含量的测定，样品处理更简便。不同采血管对血醇含量有一定影响，综合考虑各因素后建议使用枸橼酸钠抗凝管作为采血管。【Abstract】 Objective To establish a direct dilution-gas chromatographic method for the determination of ethanol in blood, compare the method with GA/T105-1995 recommendation method, and study the effects of blood tubes with different anticoagulants on the ethanol contents. Methods GDX-102 packed column was used as separation column with an oven temperature of 160 ℃, an injector temperature of 190 ℃ and a flame ionization detector temperature of 190 ℃. Normal propanol solution at 1 mg/mL was adopted to dilute the samples with a volume 50 times of the propanol solution. After being centrifuged, 1ul of the supernatant liquid was injected for analysis. Results The recovery rate of the method was between 91.2% and 105.7%. The deviation of the method with GA/T105-1995 recommendation method was less than 7.1%. The concentration of blood ethanol preserved in the non-anticoagulant tubes was a little higher than that preserved in the anticoagulant tubes. Conclusions The method can be used for the determination of ethanol content in blood. Compared with GA/T105-1995 recommendation method, the sample treatment of this method is much simpler. And the blood tubes with different anticoagulants have influences on the ethanol contents. It is recommended that blood tubes with sodium citrate as anticoagulant can be used for blood sampling and preservers.