目的 探讨不同水温对大鼠鼻黏膜的损伤及恢复情况。 方法 126只健康成年SD大鼠随机分为A、B、C组，每组42只；A组：常温；B组：50℃；C组：70℃。另设健康成年SD大鼠2只，使用不同温度生理盐水滴入实验组大鼠双鼻中隔黏膜30次，每分钟1次。分别于第30分钟，1、3、7、14、28、42 d各取6只大鼠的刺激区鼻中隔黏膜，对照组取相应区域黏膜制作光、电镜标本观察其病理形态学改变。 结果 A组各时间的光镜下结构正常，在电镜下1、3 d有轻微改变，7 d后基本恢复。B组第30分钟、1 d在镜下有明显损伤，尤其在3 d达严重损伤， 14 d后基本恢复。C组第30分钟，1、3 d在镜下表现出严重损伤，28 d后有少数恢复，42 d后仍未能完全恢复。 结论 常温对大鼠鼻黏膜病理形态学改变较轻，恢复时间短。温度越高、刺激时间越长则病理形态学改变越重，恢复时间越长。
ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of different temperatures of distilled water on the general sensation of patients during endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) examination. MethodsSixty patients who received EUS examination were randomly assigned to trial group and control group. The trial group used (40±1) ℃ distilled water, while the control group accepted 26-28℃ distilled water. The operating time and the grade of discomfort symptoms such as general discomfort, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and terror were observed. ResultsSignificant differences in general discomfort, nausea, vomiting and terror were found between the two groups (P ＜ 0.001) . Abdominal pain was not found in either group. The examination time in each group did not show any significant difference (P ＞ 0.05) . ConclusionDifferent distilled water temperatures significantly influence the sensation of patients during the EUS examination, and distilled water with a temperature of (40±1) ℃ is able to relieve the discomfort of patients.