【摘要】 目的 探讨新生儿死亡医疗纠纷中临床及法医病理学特点,启示儿科医护人员在防范此类医疗纠纷时应注意的相关问题。方法 对四川大学华西基础医学与法医学院法医病理教研室1998年1月—2007年12月的60例新生儿死亡尸检案例进行回顾性统计分析。结果 60例中除3例非正常死亡外,57例为自然性疾病死亡。其中出生后24 h死亡32例(56.1%),死亡男婴40例(70.2%)。死亡原因主要为胎粪吸入综合征、肺透明膜病、肺出血等窒息性疾病(49.1%)。其中医疗过失性纠纷21例(36.8%),医疗过失的原因主要为观察不仔细、处理不及时、误诊漏诊、产前检查或助产处理不当、告知不足等。涉及纠纷的医院以市级医院居多(58.7%)。结论 医护人员应严格遵守诊疗常规和操作规范,对新生儿加强监护,及时抢救,同时应积极与家属沟通,以减少医疗纠纷的发生。
ObjectiveTo explore the common causes and the clinical pathological characteristics of infant death which occurred after vaccination. MethodsThe study retrospectively analyzed the data of 13 cases of infant death occurring after vaccination from January 2009 to September 2014 in West China Medico-legal Expertise Center. ResultsAmong the 13 cases of infant death, 12 were dead from lethal respiratory system and cardiovascular system diseases, 1 from mechanic asphyxia caused by milk intake. All cases were coupling disease death and had no direct correlation with vaccination. ConclusionSystematic and comprehensive forensic pathological examination is helpful to clarify the cause of death, reveal the relationship between vaccination and the cause of death, and contribute to proper processing of such incidents.