ObjectiveAfter establishing the rabbit brain death model, TUNEL, western blotting, and immuno-histochemical methods were used to detect hepatocyte apoptosis to study hepatocyte apoptosis level from rabbit donors after brain death. MethodsSixty healthy male New Zealand rabbits were divided into brain death group (n=30) and sham group (n=30). The rabbits of brain death group were established by increasing intracranial pressure in a modified, slow, and intermittent way, collecting liver tissues after corresponding treatment respectively, using TUNEL to detect apoptosis rate, western blotting and immunohistochemical methods to detect the expression of Cleaved-caspase 3. ResultsThe hepatocyte apoptosis rate at each time point of brain death group were higher than those of the corresponding time point of sham group (P<0.05), and the rate of hepatocyte apoptosis increased gradually with the extension of brain death time (P<0.05). The results of Western blot assay and immunohistochemistry assay showed that the relative expression amount of Cleaved-caspase 3 protein increased gradually with the extension of brain death time (P<0.05), and relative expression amount of Cleaved-caspase 3 protein at each time point of brain death group were higher than those of the corresponding time point of sham group (P<0.05). ConclusionsThe relationship between brain death donor liver and cell apoptosis is closely related. Along with the extension of the brain death time in rabbits, the level of apoptosis of liver cells gradually increased, which affects the quality of liver donors after brain death.
Valvular heart disease is a structural or functional disease of the heart due to rheumatic fever, congenital malformation, infection, or trauma, resulting in abnormal cardiac hemodynamics and ultimately heart failure. Implantation of artificial heart valves has become the main way to treat heart valvular disease. Because the structure of the artificial heart valve plays a key role in the stress distribution and hemodynamic performance of the valve and stent, the geometric configuration of the artificial heart valve is constantly updated and improved during its development from mechanical valve to biological valve, which closely mimics the geometric characteristics of the normal natural heart valve. This article sums up the design process of geometric configuration of artificial heart valves and the influence of geometric configuration on the central disc stress and durability of artificial heart valves, analyzes the important parameters of geometric modeling for artificial heart valves, and discusses the development of the corresponding modeling method, to provide reference and new ideas for the biomimetic optimization design of artificial valves.
目的探讨肝移植术后胆道并发症的病因及内镜在肝移植并发症中的治疗。 方法笔者所在单位1995年9月至2010年3月期间共施行尸体肝移植516例，将其分为2个阶段，即1995～2001年的技术摸索阶段和2001～2010年的技术成熟阶段。第1阶段125例，有17例（13.60%）发生胆道并发症；第2阶段391例，有15例（3.84%）发生胆道并发症。对这32例患者行内镜诊治的相关临床资料进行回顾性分析。 结果32例中单纯胆瘘5例，单纯胆管结石2例，单纯胆管狭窄11例，胆管狭窄伴结石9例，胆管狭窄合并胆瘘2例，胆管扭曲2例，十二指肠乳头狭窄1例。针对不同的胆道并发症，采取了胆管扩张、乳头切开取石、胆道支架置放、鼻胆管引流等不同的治疗方式，32例患者共行内镜治疗56例次，治疗成功27例（84.38%）；发生内镜相关并发症4例（12.50%）。 结论内镜治疗肝移植术后胆道并发症的疗效是值得肯定的。