Informing is an initiative behavior of medical staff in their clinical practice. Besides, informing is a key principle of informed consent. The number of cases of infringing upon patient’s informed consent is increasing because of the underestimate or ignorance of the obligation of informing. This paper discusses the concept, significance, content, and procedure of informing as well as the relationship between informed consent and informing.
Objective To investigate the possibility of constructing eukaryoticexpression vector for human angiopoietin 1（hAng-1），transfecting it to bonemarrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) so as to repair bone defect. Methods The eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3-hAng-1 was constructed by recombinant DNA technique, transfected into MSCs by liposome DOTAP, and selected with G418. The hAng-1 expression of mRNA and protein was detected by reverse transcript-PCR and Western Blot. Results After the recombinant eukaryotic expressionvector for hAng-1 was digested with Xho-I and BamH-I, electrophoresis revealed 1.4 kb fragment for hAng-1 gene and 5.4 kb fragment for pcDNA3 vector. In the transfected MSCs, the mRNA and protein expression of hAng-1 gene were detected with reverse transcriptPCR and Western Blot. Conclusion The constructed eukaryotic expression vector hAng-1 could be expressed in the transfected MSCs, thus to provide the basis for bone repair with tissue engineering.
Objetive To investigate the effect of elastic pivot stable biteplate on treating irredueible temporal bone displacement of the temporomandibular joint. Methods Twenty-eight cases of irredueible temporal bone displacement of the temporomandibular joint treated with the elasticpivot stable biteplate from 2000 to 2004 were summarized. The ages of the patients ranged from 15 to 58 yeras includding 11 men and 17 women.Results All the patients were treated for 1 month and followed up for 3 to 6 months. The effective rate was 87.51%. The patients who had shorter course of diseases obtained better effect than the patients who had longer courses of diseases. Conclusion Elastic pivot stable biteplate is an effective alternative for treating irredueible temporal bone displacement of the temporomandibular joint and it exerts better effect on the patients that have short courses of diseases.
目的探讨腹腔镜胆总管探查(LCBDE)取石与内镜(ERCP、EST)胆总管取石的适用范围，以及中西医结合治疗胆总管结石的疗效。方法25例胆囊结石合并胆总管结石患者，其中23例行腹腔镜胆囊切除(LC)+LCBDE，2例因高龄、胆总管直径lt;1.0 cm并伴有高血压和糖尿病不能耐受长时间手术而先选择ERCP+EST，后择期行LC。8例胆囊结石合并胆总管结石伴胆源性胰腺炎患者先行ERCP+EST，其中3例EST取石失败而行LC+LCBDE。4例胆囊结石合并胆总管结石伴急性化脓性胆管炎患者先在内镜下置鼻胆管引流，病情稳定后行LC+LCBDE。4例单纯胆总管结石患者行ERCP+EST。手术按常规方法进行。术后均给予口服中药。结果30例行LC+LCBDE患者，均获得治愈，术后无胆管残留结石。14例行ERCP+EST治疗胆总管结石患者中11例EST取石成功，3例失败后行LC+LCBDE。41例患者均获得治愈。平均随访6个月，无胆管结石复发、胆管狭窄及其他并发症发生。结论LCBDE和EST治疗胆总管结石微创、安全、有效，同时结合中药治疗，有利患者术后恢复。LCBDE较内镜胆总管取石成功率高，其与选择病例和严格掌握各自适应证有关。
Objective To assess the effectiveness of arthroscopic capsular release to treat primary severe frozen shoulder through trans cuff portal. Methods Between June 2012 and January 2015, 28 patients with primary severe frozen shoulder were enrolled in the study. There were 8 males and 20 females with an average age of 57 years (range, 42-81 years). The left shoulder was involved in 16 cases and the right one in 12 cases. The mean disease duration was 11 months (range, 7-21 months). Six patients had diabetes. All patients underwent arthroscopic capsular release by trans cuff portal. The range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder were measured at preoperation and at 6 weeks and 24 months after operation; the scores of American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were used to evaluate the shoulder function and pain. Results Primary healing of incision was obtained, and no complications of infection, shoulder instability, and nerve injury were found. All patients were followed up 24 months. Pain of the shoulder was obviously relieved; VAS score was significantly lower at 6 weeks and 24 months after operation than preoperation (P<0.05), and at 24 months than 6 weeks (P<0.05). ROM of the shoulder and ASES score at 6 weeks and 24 months after operation were significantly increased when compared with preoperative ones (P<0.05); significant difference was found in ROM of forward flexion and external rotation and the ASES score between at 6 weeks and 24 months (P<0.05). And internal rotation in-creased from trochanter (9 cases), hip (6 cases), sacrum (7 cases), and L4 vertebral level (6 cases) before operation to the T12-T6 vertebral level at 6 weeks and 24 months after operation, which were close to normal side. Conclusion Arthroscopic capsular release through trans cuff portal is an effective and safe management for primary severe frozen shoulder.