To evaluate the effect of intraperitoneal hyperthermo-chemotherapy (IPHC) on immunologic function of patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumor (GMT). The authors determined the serum T-lymphocyte subsets (T-LS) and interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) of 32 patients with GMT after IPHC, and compared the two indexes with 20 healthy control group. Results: Before IPHC the serum CD＋3, CD＋4, CD＋8 and CD＋4/CD＋8 were higher and sIL-2R were lower than control group, after IPHC, CD＋3, CD＋4, CD＋8 and CD＋4/CD＋8 increased obviously (Ｐ＜0.01) and the serum sIL-2R decreased significantly (Ｐ＜0.01). Conclusion: The IPHC can improve the patients immunologic function.
ObjectiveTo review the recent progress of the molecular targeted therapy for thyroid cancer. MethodsThe literatures of molecular etiology for thyroid cancer, mechanism and evaluation of targeted therapy via Medline and CHKD database were reviewed. ResultsSo far, four molecular targeted drugs (Sorafenib, Lenvatinib, Vandetanib, and Cabozantinib) have been approved for treatment of advanced thyroid cancer by FDA. They can mainly improve the patient's progression-free survival. Besides, several new molecular targeted drugs have accomplishedⅠphase or Ⅱ phase clinical trials. These drugs may be new options for treatment of advanced thyroid cancer in the future. ConclusionsMolecular targeted drugs have been the main therapeutic method for advanced thyroid cancer. However, we should invent more effective new drugs and investigate the drug combination to improve the therapeutic effect.
ObjectiveTo explore the surgical procedures for primary spontaneous pneumothorax without bullae. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 52 patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax without bullae, who underwent surgical treatment in Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University between January 2008 and January 2013. There were 46 males and 6 females, with mean average age of 23.2±4.3 years (ranged from 16 to 34 years). According to the different methods of intraoperative surgery, all patients were divided into three groups. The patients in a group Ⅰ (n=20) underwent video-assisted thoracoscope (VATS) selective apex of low energy electric coagulation treatment. The patients in a group Ⅱ (n=21) underwent VATS lung tip part of lung resection. The patients in a group Ⅲ (n=11) received VATS resection of the pleura. The clinical effectiveness among the three groups was compared. ResultsCompared with other two kinds of operation schemes,the leak duration(2.61±1.89 d vs. 4.90±3.20 d vs. 5.36±2.57 d, P=0.012), postoperative chest tube drainage time (3.67±2.13 d vs. 6.00±3.73 d vs. 7.03±2.58 d, P=0.003), postoperative length of hospital stay (4.95±2.16 d vs. 7.35±3.03 d vs. 8.61±2.67 d, P=0.002) and the recurrence rate (0.0% vs. 23.1% vs. 12.5%, P=0.021) of the patients with lung tip part resection of lung tissue by VATS were significantly lower. There were no statistically significant differences in the indicators of the patients with selective apex of low energy electric coagulation by VATS and those with pleural resection by VATS (P>0.05). ConclusionLung tip part of the lung tissue resection by VATS for primary spontaneous pneumothorax without bullae is better than VATS selective apical low energy coagulation treatment and VATS resection of the pleura both in the short and long-term efficacy.
Objective To observe the value of serum soluble receptor of advanced glycation endproducts (sRAGE) combined with lung function and high resolution lung CT (HRCT) in predicting the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) developing non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods From January 2019 to June 2021, 140 patients with COPD combined with NSCLC, 137 patients with COPD, and 133 patients with NSCLC were enrolled in the study from the People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. General data, clinical symptoms, pulmonary function indexes and HRCT emphysema indexes (EI) were collected. Serum sRAGE levels of these patients were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical characteristics of patients with COPD complicated with NSCLC were analyzed. Serum sRAGE, lung function and lung HRCT were combined to evaluate the correlation between the degree of emphysema and the occurrence of NSCLC in COPD, and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed for diagnostic efficiency. Results Compared with NSCLC group, COPD combined with NSCLC group had higher proportion of male patients, higher proportion of elderly patients, higher smoking index, and higher proportion of squamous cell carcinoma (P<0.05). FEV1 and FEV1%pred in COPD combined with NSCLC group were significantly lower than those in COPD group and NSCLC group. The Goddard score and EI values of emphysema were significantly increased (P<0.05). Serum sRAGE was significantly lower than that of COPD group and NSCLC group (P<0.05). Serum sRAGE level was positively correlated with FEV1%pred (r=0.366, P<0.001) and FEV1/FVC (r=0.419, P<0.001), and negatively correlated with Goddard score (r=–0.710, P=0.001) and EI value (r=–0.515, P<0.001). Binary multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that age, smoking index, EI, Goddard score, RV/TLC were positively correlated with the risk of COPD developing NSCLC, while FEV1%pred, FVC, FEV1/FVC and serum sRAGE were negatively correlated with the risk of COPD developing NSCLC. ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of single diagnosis of sRAGE was 0.990, and the optimal cut-off value of 391.98 pg/mL with sensitivity of 93.3% and specificity of 89.7%. The AUC of sRAGE combined with age, smoking index, EI, Goddard score, FEV1%pred, FVC, FEV1/FVC, RV/TLC was 1.000 with sensitivity of 96.7%, specificity of 96.6%, and Yoden index of 0.933. Conclusion The combination of serum sRAGE, lung function and HRCT emphysema score can improve prediction of NSCLC occurrence in COPD.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of the estradiol hormones on biofilm formati on and structure of Staphylococcus epidermidis after breast implant surgery. MethodsThe concentration of Staphylococcus epidermidis strains ATCC35984 was adjusted to 1×107 CFU/mL or 1×108 CFU/mL, and the type strains were incubated on the surface of silica gel in 125 pmol/L estradiol suspensions to prepare bacterial biofilms model in vitro. After cultured in vitro for 4, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours, bacteria growth and biofilm formation ability were assessed by means of the XTT and crystal violet staining respectively. According to the above results, the bacterial suspension concentration was selected for experiments. The experimental concentration of Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC35984 suspension and the concentrations of 50, 125, 250, 500 pmol/L estradiol suspensions were mixed with silica gel respectively to prepare biofilm model in vitro, no estradiol suspension served as control group. The experimental concentration of Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC12228 suspension was used to prepare the same model in the negative control. After cultured in vitro for 4, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours, the same methods were used to assess the bacteria growth dynamics and biofilm forming ability, and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe bacterial biofilm structure cultured on the surface of silica gel; the laser scanning confocal microscope (CLSM) was used to measure bacterial biofilm thickness on the surface of silica gel after 6, 12, and 24 hours. ResultsAccording to the results of semi quantitative detection of crystal violet stain and XTT methods, the bacterial suspension of 1×107 CFU/mL was selected for the experiment. XTT results indicated that the growth rates of ATCC12228 strain (at 4, 6, 12, 24, and 72 hours) and ATCC35984 strain (at 4, 6, 24, and 72 hours) in 125, 250, and 500 pmol/L estradiol were significantly faster than those in 0 and 50 pmol/L (P < 0.05). The growth rate of 500 pmol/L group was significantly faster than 125 and 250 pmol/L groups at 4, 6, and 72 hours (P < 0.05), and the growth rate of 250 pmol/L group was significantly faster than that of 125 pmol/L group at 72 hours (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between 0 and 50 pmol/L groups (P>0.05). At the same time point and same estradiol concentration, the growth rates showed no significant difference between 2 strains (P>0.05). Semi quantitative detection of crystal violet staining showed no biofilm formed in ATCC12228 strain in all estradiol concentration groups at different time points. In ATCC35984 strain, the biofilm was found at 4 hours and gradually thickened with time, reached the peak at 24 hours. After cultured for 4 and 6 hours, the biofilm of 0 pmol/L groups were significantly thicker than that of 125, 250, and 500 pmol/L groups (P < 0.05). At 12 hours, the 125 pmol/L group had the thickest biofilm, showing significant difference when compared with other groups (P < 0.05). The CLSM showed ATCC35984 biofilm thickness of 125, 250, and 500 pmol/L was significantly less than that of 0 and 50 pmol/L groups at 6 hours (P < 0.05), but difference was not significant between other groups (P>0.05). Then the thickness of the biofilm increased gradually, and the thickness of 125 pmol/L group was significantly larger than that of other concentration groups at 12 and 24 hours (P < 0.05). The SEM observation showed that the biofilm of 125 pmol/L group was denser and thicker than that of the other concentration groups at each time point. ConclusionHigh level estradiol can promote bacteria growth, biofilm formation, and biofilm maturity of Staphylococcus epidermidis.