Objective To study the role of ultracision harmonic scalpel and skin flap in axillary fossa external fixation in operation of breast cancer. Methods One hundred and sixty-six patients with breast cancer were included in this study between May 2009 and November 2009. Combined group (n=51) applied ultracision harmonic scalpel combined with skin flap external fixation. External fixation group （n=52） used the skill of skin flap external fixation. Routine group included 63 patients. Operative time, accidental injury during operation， volume of bleed and drainage, time of drainage, detection amount of lymph node, and complications such like subcutaneous fluidity were observed and recorded. Results The operative time and detection amount of lymph node were not different among three groups （Pgt;0.05）. The volume of bleed in combined group was less than that in other groups （Plt;0.05）. The volume of drainage and the time of drainage were decreased or shorten by turns from routine group, external fixation group to combined group （Plt;0.05）. The incidence rate of subcutaneous fluidity in combined group was lower than that in routine group （Plt;0.05）. Conclusions Using ultracision harmonic scalpel in operation of breast cancer can remarkably reduce the volume of bleed and drain postoperatively. Ultracision harmonic scalpel combined with skin flap external fixation is safety and can reduce the incidence rate of subcutaneous fluidity, thus can be applied widely in breast cancer operation.
Objective To investigate surgical combined management of local recurrence of rectal cancer after anterior resection. Methods Relevant references about the surgical combined treatment of local recurrence of rectal cancer， which were published recently domestic and abroad were collected and reviewed. Results The surgical combined treatment for local recurrence of rectal cancer can markedly improve the survival ratio. Conclusion The surgical combined management of local recurrence of rectal cancer after anterior resection should be performed. The active and effective surgical combined management may help prolong the survival time and improve life quality.
Objective To describe the role of breast palpation imaging (PI) in breast cancer screening. Method We searched the latest research and previous literatures of PI in the diagnosis of breast cancers, and made an review after reading the articles. Results PI had better diagnostic efficiency than clinical breast examination (CBE) in breast cancer screening. PI combined with mammography (MG) and/or breast ultrasound (BUS) could further improve the diagnostic efficiency. Conclusion PI has important value in breast cancer screening, and is an important supplement to existing breast cancer screening methods.
ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the polymorphisms of estrogen receptor α (ERα) gene PvuⅡ, XbaⅠ and breast hyperplasia. MethodsPolymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to detect the polymorphisms of ERα gene PvuⅡ, XbaⅠ in breast hyperplasia patients (study group, n=89) and healthy controls (control group, n=35). ResultsThe differences of the genotypic frequency and allele frequency of the ERα gene Xba Ⅰ were significant between the study group and the control group (Plt;0.05). According to analysis of the odds ratio (OR), the risk of developing breast hyperplasia for X allele carriers was 0.551 as compared with x allele carriers. But there was no significant difference for the gene polymorphism of PvuⅡ between the study group and the control group (Pgt;0.05). ConclusionThe polymorphisms of XbaⅠof ERα gene is associated with breast hyperplasia and the mutant gene increases breast hyperplasia risk.
ObjectiveTo explore the feasibility of homemade domestic breast palpation imaging (BPI) instead of clinical breast palpation examination (CBE) for screening breast masses. MethodsThe patients who received breast ultrasonography (BUS), BPI examinations and CBE in the Sichuan Cancer Hospital from March 2022 to September 2022 were retrospectively collected. The result of BUS examination was used as the criteria to compare the efficiency and difference between the BPI examination and CBE in detecting breast masses. The effects of the patients’ body mass index, breast volume, tumor location, benign and malignant tumor, and maximum tumor diameter on the accuracy of breast tumor detection by BPI system were further analyzed. ResultsA total of 102 patients were included in this study. Among the 90 patients with breast mass detected by BUS, 76 cases were detected by BPI and 51 cases were detected by CBE. In the 12 patients without tumor mass detected by BUS, only 11 cases patients without tumor mass were detected by BPI and CBE. The sensitivity and accuracy of breast tumor mass screening by the BPI were higher than those by the CBE (84.4% vs. 56.7%, 85.2% vs. 60.7%, respectively), and the specificity was similar (91.6%, both). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (95% confidence interval, 95%CI) of BPI and CBE for screening breast masses were 0.903 (0.791, 0.970) and 0.799 (0.747, 0.851), respectively. The former was higher than the latter (Z=2.494, P=0.013). The consistencies were moderate (Kappa=0.518, P<0.001), general (Kappa=0.204, P=0.002), moderate (Kappa=0.518, P<0.001) between the BPI and BUS, between CBE and BUS, and between BPI and CBE for screening breast masses, respectively. The results of multivariate analysis of binary logistics regression indicated that the benign tumor mass was not easily detected [OR (95%CI） was 9.600（1.328, 69.400), P=0.025] and the tumor mass with breast volume ＜350 mL was easily detected [OR (95%CI） was 0.157 (0.030, 0.818), P=0.028], the diameter of tumor mass had no obvious influence on breast tumor mass screening by the BPI. ConclusionAccording to the preliminary results of this study, BPI can improve the sensitivity of detecting breast masses and make up for the lack of objective records of CBE, but BPI cannot replace CBE at present.
目的研究p16基因甲基化在乳腺癌中的分布情况，并探讨其与乳腺癌发生、发展的关系。方法采用甲基化特异的PCR技术检测四川省肿瘤医院乳腺科2008年3～9月期间收治的38例原发性乳腺癌组织及距离肿瘤＞5 cm以远的正常乳腺组织中p16基因启动子区CpG岛甲基化频率。结果乳腺癌组织中p16基因启动子区CpG岛甲基化频率〔31.6%（12/38）〕明显高于其正常乳腺组织〔5.3%（2/38）〕，差异有统计学意义（P=0.003）。有淋巴结转移的乳腺癌患者中p16基因甲基化频率〔45.5%（10/22）〕高于无淋巴结转移患者〔12.5%（2/16）〕，差异有统计学意义（P=0.044）。结论p16基因启动子区CpG岛甲基化可能在乳腺癌发生、发展过程中起着重要作用。