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find Keyword "神经系统并发症" 3 results
  • 升主动脉隔离装置在升主动脉近端钙化患者非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术中的应用

    摘要: 目的 评价升主动脉近端隔离装置(Heartstring和Enclose近端吻合装置)在非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术(OPCAB)中的应用效果。 方法 2006年1月至2008年2月收治了150例合并升主动脉近端钙化的冠心病患者,其中男102例,女48例;年龄55~78岁,平均年龄69岁。所有患者在冠状动脉旁路移植术中应用升主动脉近端隔离装置,大隐静脉与升主动脉近端共完成251个吻合口,升主动脉近端吻合口1~3个/例,大隐静脉桥血管完成后应用流量仪进行流量测定。术后观察神经系统并发症的发生情况。 结果 术后死于低心排血量综合征1例(067%);二次开胸止血2例,其中1例为乳内动脉床渗血,1例为胸骨后出血;其余患者术后24 h胸腔引流量为100~200 ml。所有患者均于术后24~48 h内顺利拔除气管内插管;术后均未出现明确的昏迷、肢体偏瘫、语言障碍及运动不协调等神经系统并发症;大隐静脉桥血流量为28.5~70.1 L/min(53.7± 23.9 L/min)。术后随访145例,随访率97.32%,随访时间3个月~1年;4例失访。随访期间患者未发生迟发性脑出血或脑梗死等神经系统并发症。结论 在OPCAB术中应用Heartstring和Enclose升主动脉近端隔离装置,安全、有效,能有效地降低脑卒中的发生率。

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:01 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • The reduction of coagulation factor activity R before surgery increases the risk of postoperative neurological complications in patients with acute type A aortic dissection

    ObjectiveTo analyze the risk factors for neurological complications after emergency surgery of acute type A aortic dissection.MethodsThe clinical data of 51 patients with acute Stanford type A aortic dissection who were admitted to Shanghai Delta Hospital from October 2018 to May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 37 males (72.5%) and 14 females (27.5%), aged 29-85 (55.1±12.3) years. The patients were divided into two groups, including a N1 group (n=12, patients with postoperative neurological insufficiency) and a N0 group (n=39, patients without postoperative neurological insufficiency). The clinical data of the two groups were compared and analyzed.ResultsThere were statistical differences in age (62.6±11.2 years vs. 51.7±11.4 years, P=0.003), preoperative D-dimer (21.7±9.2 µg/L vs.10.8±10.7 µg/L, P=0.001), tracheal intubation time (78.7±104.0 min vs. 19.6±31.8 min, P=0.003), ICU stay time (204.1±154.8 min vs. 110.8±139.9 min, P=0.037) and preoperative coagulation factor activity R (4.0±1.5 vs. 5.1±1.6, P=0.022). Preoperative coagulation factor activity R was the independent risk factor for neurological insufficiency after emergency (OR=2.013, 95%CI 1.008-4.021, P=0.047).ConclusionFor patients with pre-emergent acute aortic dissection who are older (over 62.6-64.5 years), with reduced coagulation factor R (less than 4.0), it is recommended to take more active brain protection measures to reduce the occurrence of postoperative neurological complications in patients with acute aortic dissection, and further improve the quality of life.

    Release date:2021-07-28 10:02 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Central nervous system complications in patients with carotid artery stenosis undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: A retrospective cohort study

    ObjectiveTo analyze the effect of carotid artery stenosis degree and intervention for carotid artery stenosis on the incidence of central nervous system complications after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) and explore the influencing factors. MethodsA total of 1 150 patients undergoing OPCABG in our hospital from June 2018 to June 2021 were selected and divided into two groups according to whether there were central nervous system complications, including a central nervous system complication group [n=61, 43 males and 18 females with a median age of 68.0 (63.0, 74.0) years] and a non-central nervous system complication group [n=1 089, 796 males and 293 females with a median age of 65.5 (59.0, 70.0) years]. The risk factors for central nervous system complications after OPCABG were analyzed. ResultsUnivariate analysis showed that age, smoking, hyperlipidemia, preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction, intra-aortic ballon pump (IABP), postoperative arrhythmia, postoperative thoracotomy and blood transfusion volume were associated with central nervous system complications. The incidence of central nervous system complications in patients with severe carotid artery stenosis or occlusion (11.63%) was higher than that in the non-stenosis and mild stenosis patients (4.80%) and moderate stenosis patients (4.76%) with a statistical difference (P=0.038). The intervention for carotid artery stenosis before or during the operation did not reduce the incidence of central nervous system complications after the operation (42.11% vs. 2.99%, P<0.001). Age, postoperative arrhythmia, severe unilateral or bilateral carotid artery stenosis and occlusion were independent risk factors for postoperative central nervous system complications (P<0.05). Conclusion The age, smoking, hyperlipidemia, preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction, intraoperative use of IABP, postoperative arrhythmia, secondary thoracotomy after surgery, blood transfusion volume and OPCABG are associated with the incidence of postoperative central nervous system complications in patients. Age, postoperative arrhythmia, severe unilateral or bilateral carotid artery stenosis and occlusion are independent risk factors for postoperative central nervous system complications. In patients with severe carotid artery stenosis, preoperative treatment of the carotid artery will not reduce the incidence of central nervous system complications.

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