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Correlation between Hematocrit and Slow Coronary Flow in Male Patients

Objective　To explore the correlation between hematocrit and slow coronary flow (SCF) in male patients. Methods　We studied 205 patients with angiographically no more than one stenosis lt;40% in each major coronary artery who had admitted to the department of cardiology of the Beijing Anzhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from August 2011 to August 2012. According to the level of hematocrit, 101 patients were classified into the trial group whose hematocrit was more 42.9%, while 104 patients into the control group whose hematocrit was no more than 42.9%. Clinical variables were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results　The age was younger in the trial group than the control group, whereas the levels of white blood cell count, mean platelet volume, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, left anterior descending artery (LAD) and right coronary artery (RCA) TIMI frame count and the proportion of SCF in the LAD were higher in the trial group than in the control group (Plt;0.05). The results of correlation analysis showed that, LAD TIMI frame count (r=0.238, P=0.001), proportion of SCF in the LAD (r=0.206, P=0.003) and RCA TIMI frame count (r=0.209, P=0.003) were positively correlated with hematocrit. The results of multivariate analysis (using logistic regression with adjusted confounding factors such as age) showed that, LAD TIMI frame count (OR=1.031, 95%CI 1.006 to 1.056, P=0.014), proportion of SCF in the LAD (OR=1.919, 95%CI 1.038 to 3.547, P=0.038) were independently correlated with hematocrit. Conclusion　The proportion of SCF in the LAD is independently correlated to hematocrit, which suggested that increased hematocrit may contribute to the pathophysiological change of SCF in male patients.

IMMUNOMODULATING EFFECTS OF CIMETIDINE ON THE RED CELL IMMUNE FUNCTION AND INTERLEUKIN-2 IN RATS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE

Objective To investigate the effects of cimetidine on the red cell immune function and interleukin-2(IL-2) in rats with obstructive jaundice. Methods Sixty SD rats were divided into bile duct ligation(BDL) group, cimetidine therapy (BDLC) group and sham operation(SO) group respectively. The red cell immue function and serum IL-2 level were determined with the red cell yeast-rosttes test and radioimmunoassay respectively. Results The red blood cell C3b receptor rosette rate(RBC-C3bRR), the red blood cell immune complex rosette rate(RICR), the red blood cell C3b receptor rosette-forming excited rate(RFER) and serum IL-2 level were significantly lower in BDL group as compared with SO group, the red blood cell C3b receptor rosette-forming inhibitory rate(RFIR) in BDL group was higher than that of SO group. After 7 days’ cimetidine therapy RBCC3bRR, RICR, RFER and IL-2 became higher than those of BDL group, but RFIR was lower than that of BDL group. Conclusion Supplemental cimetidine can significantly enhance the impaired red cell immune function and IL-2 production in rats with obstructive jaundice.

THE STUDY OF PREAND POST-OPERATIVE ERYTHROCYTE AND T LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS IMMUNE FUNCTION IN OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE

In order to study the immune function of patients with obstructive jaundice, the rate of RBC-C3b receptor rosette (RCR), tumour-RBC rosettes (TRR), RBC-immune complex rosette (RICR) and CD３+,CD4+,CD8+ cells were investigated. In these patients, the pre-operative erythrocyte and T lymphocyte subsets immune functions were lower than those of the control (Ｐ＜0.001). At the 5th day after operation, there was no significant change and 14th day after operation the erythrocyte and T lymphocyte substes immune functions were significantly elevated(Ｐ＜0.05), while, compared with the normals, which was still depressed in some degree. Operation is useful to the recovery of the immune function in all patients.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE DEFORMATION OF RBC AND THE ABILIATY OF IMMUNE ADHESION OF RBC TO TUMOR CELL IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY GALLBLADDER CARCINOMA

To study the red cell′s deformation and the immune adhesion functions to tumor cell in patients with primary gallbladder carcinoma (PGC)， twenty-seven patients with PGC and twenty normal persons were investigated by means of BL88B type laser diffraction RBC deformation instrument and agglutinate method of tumor cell. The result showed that the RBC deformation index was lower in patients with PGC than that in the normal persons (Ｐ＜0.01). Also was the enhance factor of RBC immune adherent functions lower than that in the normal persons. While the inhibitory factor was higher than that in the normal persons. The result suggests that the decrease of RBC immune function be related with change of serum modulating factors in patient with PGC.

胃癌和肝癌患者红细胞免疫功能的变化

慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者贫血原因探讨

目的 探讨稳定期COPD 患者贫血的原因。方法 选择稳定期COPD 患者60 例, 测定其Hb、C 反应蛋白( CRP) 、促红细胞生成素( EPO) 、肺功能、身高和体重, 计算体重指数( BMI) 。根据Hb 浓度分为贫血组和非贫血组, 比较两组CRP、EPO、肺功能损害程度、BMI 的差异。结果 贫血组8例, 非贫血组52 例, 贫血发生率为13. 3% 。贫血组CRP 和EPO 水平显著高于非贫血组[ ( 20. 46 ±9. 43) mg/L比( 13. 75 ±2. 14) mg/L, ( 28. 7 ±5. 2) U/L 比( 14. 7 ±4. 5) U/L, P 均lt;0. 05] , 肺功能和BMI 在两组之间无显著差异( P gt;0. 05) 。贫血组的EPO 与CRP 水平呈明显负相关( r = - 0. 918, P lt;0. 01) , 这种相关性在非贫血组中不存在( P gt; 0. 2) 。结论 COPD 患者发生贫血可能与慢性炎症及EPO 抵抗有关。

Effects of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin on Expression of Bax and Bcl-2 Proteins in Hyperoxia-Induced Lung Injury of Adult Rats

Objective To investigate the effects of recombinant human erythropoietin ( rHuEPO) on expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins in hyperoxia-induced lung injury of adult rats. Methods Fortyeight healthy male SD adult rats were randomly divided into six groups. The control group ( 0 h) breathed with room air. The rHuEPO intervention group was put into oxygen chamber and breathed with 100% O2 for 96 h plus intraperitoneal injection of rHuEPO (1000 U/kg) daily. Other four groups were put into oxygen chamber and breathed with 100% O2 for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h respectively. Arterial blood gases were measured to calculate oxygenation index. Wet-to-dry weight ratios of left lung were measured. The contents of TNF-α and IL-1β in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were assayed with radioimmunoassay. The expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins in the lung were determined withWestern blot and immunohistochemisty. The changes of lung histopathology were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin stain and observed under light microscope. Results After breathing 100% O2 , the oxygenation index decreased gradually and reached minimal value at 96 h. The wet-to-dry weight ratio of left lung increased gradually and reached maximal value at 96 h. The contents of TNF-α and IL-1β in BALF reached maximal value at 48 h and then decreased gradually. The expression of Bax protein increased, but the expression of Bcl-2 protein decreased gradually in the lung. Compared with the 96 h group, the oxygenation index was higher, wet-to-dry weight ratio and contents of TNF-α and IL-1β in BALF decreased, the expression of Bax protein decreased, and the expression of Bcl-2 protein increased in the lung of the rHuEPO group. Conclusion rHuEPO can attenuate hyperoxia-induced lung injury of adult rats by down-regulating expression of Bax protein and up-regulating expression of Bcl-2 protein.

The Role of Red Cell Distribution Width in Coronary Artery Diseases Patients Complicated with Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome

Objective To investigate the role of red cell distribution width ( RDW) in coronary artery diseases patients complicated with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome ( OSAHS) . Methods 134 coronary artery diseases patients who had at least one-vessel disease confirmed by coronary angiography were investigated by polysomnography for OSAHS. The patients were classified according to theapneahypopnea index(AHI) . The level of RDW, triglyceride, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, hemoglobin, white blood cells and hematocritwere measured. The receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to predict the moderate-severe OSAHS in coronary artery diseases patients according to RDW value. Results When 134 coronary artery diseases patients were classified into a control group and an OSAHS group according to the AHI, the level of RDW in two groups was not significantly different [ ( 13.44 ±1.30) % vs. ( 13.12 ±0.92) % , P gt; 0.05] . When 134 coronary artery diseases patients were classified into a control and mild OSAHS group and a moderate-severe OSAHS group according to the AHI, the level of RDW in two groups was significantly different [ ( 13.07 ±0.94) vs. ( 14.02 ±1.41) % , P lt; 0.05] . And no difference was found in hemoglobin, triglyceride, cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, platelet, and hematocrit between two groups. The ROC curve analysis revealed that the area under ROC curve was 0.748 ( 0.523-0.972) , and the best cut-off for moderate-severe OSAHS was 13.95% with sensitivity of 71.43% and specificity of 82.98% . Conclusion RDW may be a useful and simple tool to predict moderate-severe OSAHS in coronary artery diseases patients.

库存悬浮红细胞预处理对婴幼儿预充液中血糖、乳酸及钾离子的影响

目的　观察库存悬浮红细胞预处理后对婴幼儿预充液中血糖、乳酸及钾离子浓度的影响，及对婴幼儿生理代谢的影响。 方法　2010年2月至2011年3月解放军第452医院收治40例先天性心脏病婴幼儿，按预充前是否清洗库存悬浮红细胞，将其分为两组，悬浮红细胞清洗组（清洗组，n=20）：男11例，女9例；年龄（17.82±6.11）个月；在体外循环（CPB）中预充前采用血液回收机（cell saver）对库存悬浮红细胞进行清洗预处理；未清洗组（n=20）：男6例，女14例；年龄（16.63±4.45）个月；在应用库存悬浮红细胞预充前未经清洗。两组在预充前（清洗组在库存悬浮红细胞清洗前、清洗后）、预充后、CPB前并行期、主动脉阻断后5 min、停机时分别检测血糖、血清乳酸和血钾离子浓度。 结果　清洗组库存悬浮红细胞清洗后血糖、乳酸和钾离子浓度明显低于清洗前（P＜0.05）。在CPB各时间点清洗组血糖［主动脉阻断后5 min： （4.50±0.65） mmol/L vs. （5.78±0.62） mmol/L，t=5.308，P=0.001］和乳酸浓度 ［主动脉阻断后5 min：（1.86±0.21） mmol/L vs. （2.89±0.45） mmol/L，t=1.504，P=0.001］明显低于未清洗组。除停机时，其余时间点清洗组钾离子浓度明显低于未清洗组 ［主动脉阻断后5 min： （3.81±0.32） mmol/L vs. （4.44±0.51） mmol/L，t=3.588，P=0.011］。 结论　采用血液回收机（cell saver）清洗后的含库存悬浮红细胞预充液中的血糖、乳酸、钾离子浓度明显降低至生理范围内，可显著提高婴幼儿CPB的安全性。

Advances in Erythropoietin＇s Myocardial Protective Effects

Erythropoietin （EPO） is known as a classical hematopoietic growth factor, which has been used to treat anemia caused by different reasons. In recent years, EPO＇s non-hematopoietic biological effects have gradually become a focus. Among these effects, EPO＇s tissue protection is most attractive and EPO has been proved to protect many different tissues and organs. Myocardial protection has always been the important and key topic in the field of cardiovascular diseases. Reports about EPO＇s myocardial protective effects have been published in the recent two years, which direct the research about myocardial protection with new ideas. In this article, the discoveries and unsolved problems associated with EPO＇s myocardial protection were reviewed.