Objective To investigate the possibility of creation of tissue engineered heart valve leaflets in vitro . Methods Aorta were obtained from 9 hybrid young pigs. The endothelial cell, fibroblast and smooth muscle cells were isolated and cultured to get enough cell. The expanded fibroblast, smooth muscle cell,and endothelial cells were seeded on the polymers sequentially. The cell polymer constructs were sent for scanning electron microscopy(SEM) examination after cultured for 7, 14, and 28 days. Histological examination were performed after the cell polymer constructs cultured for 28 days. Results SEM showed that the number of cells on the polymers increased as the culture time prolonged, with the formation of matrix. After 28 days, there were a great number of cells and large amount of matrix on the scaffolds. The confluent cell had covered a large area of the polymers. Hematoxylin and eosin(HE) stain showed large amount of cells attached to the polymers. Conclusion With the viability of the cultured cellular scaffolds,it is possible to create tissue engineered heart valve leaflets in vitro.
目的 初步探讨容易误诊为乳腺癌的乳腺良性疾病的病理类型和临床特征，提高诊断准确率。方法 回顾性分析了1998年9月至2000年1月收治的50例术前诊断为乳腺癌的乳腺良性疾病。 结果 乳腺炎性疾病、纤维囊性增生或／和积乳囊肿、纤维腺病或／和某些纤维腺瘤均易误诊为乳腺癌；此类乳腺良性疾病扪诊的准确性显著低于乳腺钼靶摄片和彩超检查(P＜0.005)。 结论 乳腺良性疾病临床诊断的准确性有赖于病史、乳腺扪诊及乳腺X线摄片和彩超的综合分析。
Histological studies and morphometry quantitative analysis have been performed on trial rabbit’s dilated common bile duct(CBD),which does not dilate simultaneously.The results shows:①Epithelia of rabbit’s CBD have a ber reparable function,which is fairly significant to the prevention of bile duct’s further injure under the pathogenic situation.②The smooth muscle cell(SMC)of the CBD is the histological basis of contraction,some SMC can be seen in contracting state under light microscope.This indicates that the SMC in rabbit’s CBD possess contracting function.③The collagenous and elastic fibers have the normal histological morphometric characteristics and quantity in it’s dilatation process,and no breekdown and degeneration of the fibers can be detected.Because of the morphological structure of these sections is quite similiar with normal ones,theoretically,we suspect that when pathological change of bile duct’s distal portion is relieved and the bile pressure is normal again.It is possible for this dilating bile duct to return to its formal shape and size.
The structure of 39 specimens of hepatobiliary duct stones with strictures were studied histologically. The elastic and collagenous fibers were studied by quantitative analysis. The results show that the epithelium of the sttnotic bile duct are intact but with proliferation. The mitochondrions are degenerated and broken, the endoplasmic reticulum are dilated, suggesting the functional impediment of these epithelium. The mucous glands are markedly proliferated fibrosis are found near the glands which are destroyed .Some of the elastic fibers are destroyed and arranged disorderly . Hyaline degeneration was observed in collagenous fibers with remarkable increase of the volume density.
Six dogs underwent high selective vagotomy and mucosal antrectomy (HSV+MA). The gross and histological change of dog’s stomach were observed at 4-6 months after operation. It was found that the reconstructed antrum healed well and there was no stasis and distension in the stomach .The appearance of the nerves in muscular layer of the antrum was normal. No serious gastritis and mucosal atrophy was observed. These results indicat that HSV+MA is a reasonable procedure for the treatment of duodenal ulcer.
The classification of thymoma has always been controversial topil in recent years. It hasn’t been unified because of the morphological diversity of thymoma, the heterogeneity of tumour cells and the lack of simple and effective observation index. With the development of diagnostic technique and oncobiology research, several classification methods have been drawn off, including its World Health Organization(WHO) lassification. We reviewed the main classification and discussed the problems of each classification method and their clinical guiding significamce, summarized the development tendency, methods assist the classification and clinical research of thymoma.
Objective To summarize the clinical application of esophagogastrostomy with layered anastomosis and to observe the healing quality of anastomotic stoma in animal experiments. Methods One thousand and twenty-four patients suffered from carcinoma of esophagus or carcinoma of gastric cardia had undergone esophagogastrostomy by layered anastomosis with absorbable suture. Twenty-four experimental dogs (adult male healthy hybrid dogs) were divided into two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The former (experimental group) underwent the layered anastomosis, the diameter of esophagogastric stoma and the length and depth of stomal scar were measured under anesthesia in both groups on 5th,8th,14th,and 42th postoperative day, respectively. So were done the histological measurement, such as the count infiltrating inflammatory cells, the proliferation of blood capillary and other cells. And the cytokines related to wound healing (LsAB technique) such as epidermal growth factor(EGF), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) were detected, either. Results One thousand and twenty-four patients had no anastomotic leakage. There were only 6 patients suffered from mild anastomotic stricture, and they got well after one dilatation. The results of the measurement of 24 experimental dogs revealed that, in the experimental group, the mucosa was in good connecting condition, had a soften anastomotic stoma and a thin scar. The counts of inflammatory cells and fibroblast showed more in number at the early time after operation (Plt;0.05), while showed less in number at the advanced time of operation (Plt;0.05). In the control group, however, the mucosa were in a bad connecting condition, the scar was thicker, and the muscle layer was frequently exposed. The counts of inflammatory cells and fibroblast were fewer at the early time after operation, however, they had a clearly tendency of increasing at the anaphase after the operation. On the cytokines related to the healing of wound in the experimental group, there was a high expression and activity at the early period. There were a little expression up to postoperative 42 d. Whereas, in the control group, there had a low expression level,increased clearly on postoperative 8 d, and still a higher expression up to postoperative 42 d. Conclusions The esophagogastrostomy by layered anastomosis has a high healing quality with a thin scar. The proliferation of cells and the expression of growth factors benefits the normal healing of wound by first intention.
Objective To investigate the effect of repeated freezing and thawing combining nuclease treatment on the decellularization of bovine tendons, and the morphology, structure, biochemical compositions, and mechanical properties of the decellularized tendons. Methods A total of 48 fresh 1-day-old bovine Achilles tendons were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=16): fresh normal tendons (group A), repeated freezing and thawing for 5 times (liquid nitrogen refrigeration/37℃ thawing, group B), and repeated freezing and thawing combining nuclease processing for 24 hours (group C). In each group, 2 tendons were used for scanning electron microscope (SEM), 3 tendons for histological and immunohistochemical observations, 3 tendons for DNA content detection, and 8 tendons for biomechanical testing. Results SEM observation indicated the intact, aligned, and densely packed collagen fibers with no disruption in groups A and B, and the slightly loose collagen fibers with little disruption in group C. The alcian blue staining, sirius red staining, and immunohistochemical staining showed that the most of glycosaminoglycan, collagen type I, collagen type III, and fibronectin in group C were retained after decellularization treatment. HE and DAPI staining showed that the cell nuclei between the collagen fibers were clearly visible in groups A and B; however, the cell nuclei between collagen fibers almost were invisible with a few residual nuclei on the endotendineum in group C. DNA quantitative detection confirmed that DNA content in group C [(0.05 ± 0.02) μg/mg] was significantly lower than those in group A [(0.24 ± 0.12) μg/mg] and group B [(0.16 ± 0.07) μg/mg] (P lt; 0.05). Biomechanical testing showed that the values of tensile strength, failure strain, stiffness, and elastic modulus were different among 3 groups, but no significant difference was found (P gt; 0.05). Conclusion Repeated freezing and thawing combining nuclease processing can effectively remove the component of cells, and simultaneously retain the original collagen fibrous structure, morphology, most of the extracellular matrix compositions, and mechanical properties of the bovine tendons.