ObjectiveTo systematically review the postoperative infection-related complications between cemented and cementless hemiarthroplasty in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture.MethodsCochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, China Biology Medicine Database, Chongqing VIP China Science and Technology Journal Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Database were searched to collect randomized controlled trials of postoperative infection-related complications between cemented and cementless hemiarthroplasty in elderly patients with femoral neck fracture from inception to January 2018. A systematic review was performed to compare the postoperative deep infection, superficial wound infection, pneumonia infection, and urinary tract infection between cemented and cementless hemiarthroplasty. Analyses were conducted using Review Manager version 5.2.0 software.ResultsA total of 11 studies were included in the Meta-analysis, including 1 533 patients. There was no significant difference in the incidence of deep infection [odds ratio (OR)=1.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.66, 3.94), P=0.29], superficial wound infection [OR=1.17, 95%CI (0.56, 2.47), P=0.68], pneumonia infection [OR=0.73, 95%CI (0.47, 1.13), P=0.16], or urinary tract infection [OR=1.10, 95%CI (0.65, 1.86), P=0.73] between the two groups.ConclusionWhen selecting a fixation method for hemiarthroplasty to treat eldly patients with femoral neck fracture, infection-related postoperative complications are not the determinant factor to consider.