目的 研究盐酸氨基葡萄糖联合抗骨增生片治疗膝骨关节炎（KOA）的可行性及安全性。 方法 2011年1月－2012年8月选取90例KOA患者，按关节面改变部位归入A组（髌股关节面改变）、B组（胫股关节面改变）、C组（全关节软骨改变），每组30例。均予以盐酸氨基葡萄糖、抗骨增生片治疗，12周后观察治疗前后临床疗效、综合疗效及安全性等指标及评分。 结果 ① 3组比较，A组疗效高于B、C组（P＜0.05）；② A组与B、C两组在平地行走20 m疼痛评分、关节压痛度评分和骨关节炎指数（WOMAC）评分方面差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；③ A组和B、C两组在患者自我疗效评价、医生疗效评价方面差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；④ A组在治疗12周后血液血沉、C反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞介素（IL）-1、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）较治疗前差异有统计表学意义（P＜0.05）；B组则在CRP、IL-6、TNF-α较治疗前有差异（P＜0.05）；C组仅在CRP、TNF-α较前有差异（P＜0.05）；⑤3组不良反应发生率则无明显差异（P＞0.05）。 结论 盐酸氨基葡萄糖联合抗骨增生片治疗髌股关节面改变的KOA疗效优于胫股关节改变，且治疗方案可行、安全、优效。
ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of meniscectomy and transplantation repair of the knee on the stress area and average pressure of the tibiofemoral articular surface so as to provide a reference for the relevant basic and clinical researches. MethodsSeven qualified right knee joints from adult men cadavers were selected. Required structure was retained after careful dissection. The pressure-sensitive paper was clipped to the proper size in accordance with the measured size of the tibial platform to reserve. The experiment was divided into 4 groups: normal knee group (group A), knee meniscus injury group (group B), knee meniscectomy group (group C), and knee meniscus transplantation group (group D). A horizontal incision above the meniscus was made in the position of knee joint capsule, and the pressure-sensitive paper was placed into the medial and lateral space of the knee joint, then the proximal tibia and distal femur were fixed stably and finally a universal mechanical machine was used for testing in appropriate environmental conditions (the knee joints were given longitudinal 700 N pressure at 0° extension and 30, 60, 90, and 120° flexion for continuous 120 seconds) until the full color reaction. The knee models were prepared, and then the universal mechanical machine was used to perform a test according to the method stated above respectively. The pressure-sensitive paper was removed, and the color negative films were separated and marked. Colorful image analysis system was used to calculate and analyze the stress area and average pressure after the scanner being used to collect image information. ResultsThe stress area was gradually reduced and the average pressure was gradually increased with increasing flexion angle of the knee. There was significant difference in the stress area and the average pressure between various flexion angles in 4 groups (P<0.05). Group C had significantly lower stress area and significantly higher average pressure than the other 3 groups (P<0.05), but no significant difference was found among groups A, B, and D (P>0.05). ConclusionThe stress of the tibiofemoral articular surface significantly increases after knee meniscus injury or resection, and the average pressure significantly increases. The stress of the tibiofemoral articular surface can be restored to almost normal after meniscus transplantation. Therefore, the injured meniscus should also be retained or repaired in the static state.
ObjectiveTo investigate the efficiency of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for varus osteoarthritic knees with tibial bone resection determined by lateral tibiofemoral joint 90° flexional gap measurement. MethodsBetween March and June 2013, 60 patients (60 knees) with varus osteoarthritic knees underwent TKA. All patients were randomly divided into traditional osteotomy group (control group, 30 cases) and lateral tibiofemoral joint 90° flexional gap measurement resection group (trial group, 30 cases). There was no significant difference in gender, age, affected side, body mass index and preoperative knee society score (KSS), range of motion (ROM) of the knee, anatomic tibiofemoral angle (ATFA), patellar tilt angle, posterior condylar offset (PCO), and joint line height between 2 groups (P>0.05). The bone resection thickness of the distal femoral lateral condyle, femoral posterior lateral condyle, and lateral tibial plateau were measured; and the X-ray films were taken to measure and compare ATFA, patellar tilt angle, PCO, and joint line height after TKA. The knee function recovery was evaluated with KSS score and ROM of the knee. ResultsThe bone resection thickness of the lateral tibial plateau and distal femoral lateral condyle in trial group was significantly smaller than that in control group (P<0.05); while the bone resection thickness of the femoral posterior lateral condyle was significantly bigger than that in control group (P<0.05). The 10 mm polyethylene insert was used in 19 cases of the trial group and in 8 cases of the control group, showing significant difference (Z=-4.040, P=0.003). All the patients were followed up 13-16 months (mean, 14.5 months). Radiography at 6 weeks after TKA indicated that the ATFA, patellar tilt angle, and joint line height had no significant difference between 2 groups (P>0.05); the PCO of trial group was significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.05). The KSS score and ROM of the knee at 12 months after operation were significantly improved when compared with preoperative ones in 2 groups (P<0.05), and trial group was significantly better than control group (P<0.05). ConclusionIt was an effective method to determine bone resection thickness using lateral tibiofemoral joint 90° flexional gap measurement in TKA for varus osteoarthritic knees, which can reduce the bone resection thickness of the tibial plateau and distal femoral lateral condyle and restore the joint line and PCO with better early recovery of the knee function.