【摘要】 目的 探讨脓毒血症患者胆碱酯酶水平与患者病情及预后的关系。 方法 2007年6月-2009年6月，将89例脓毒血症患者设定为脓毒血症组，进行血清胆碱酯酶测定及APACHEⅡ评分；另择82例健康人为正常组，测定血清胆碱酯酶值，比较两者之间差异；89例脓毒症患者按病况再分为存活组及死亡组，比较两者之间血清胆碱酯酶及APACHEⅡ评分差异。 结果 治疗前脓毒血症组胆碱酯酶水平明显低于正常组，有统计学意义（Plt;0.01）；脓毒血症组APACHEⅡ评分与血清胆碱酯酶呈负相关；死亡组APACHEⅡ评分明显高于存活组，而血清胆碱酶低于存活组（Plt;0.01）。 结论 胆碱酯酶同APACHEⅡ评分呈负相关，能明显反映脓毒症患者病情严重程度及预后。【Abstract】 Objective To explore the relationship between the level of cholinesterase and the patients condition and the prognosis in the patients with sepsis. Methods From June 2007 to June 2009, 89 patients with sepsis were selected as the sepsis group, whose cholinesterase level was assayed and evaluated by APACHE Ⅱ score. Another 82 healthy people were as the control whose cholinesterase level was assayed and compared with that in the sepsis group. The patients in the sepsis group were subdivided into survival and death group; the level of cholinesterase and the result of APACHE Ⅱ score were compared between the two groups. Results The level of cholinesterase in sepsis group was significantly lower than that in the control group before treatment, and the difference was significant (Plt;0.01); the APACHE Ⅱ score negatively correlated with the serum cholinesterase in sepsis group. The APACHE Ⅱ score in the death group was significantly higher than that in the survival group, but the level of cholinesterase was obviously lower in the death group than that in the survival group (Plt;0.01). Conclusion The serumal cholinesterase negatively correlates with the APACHE Ⅱ score, which could obviously reflect the patients condition and the prognosis of sepsis.