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find Keyword "诱因" 7 results
  • 乌鲁木齐市高血压病的气象诱因和指数预报初探

    摘要:现代医学和国内外研究表明, 气象因子对高血压病的发生发展有较大影响, 且不同区域的主要气象因子和影响作用各异。本文从气象角度出发, 利用2004~2007年乌鲁木齐市两所医院(乌鲁木齐市第三人民医院和新疆医科大学第五附属医院)逐日高血压患者确诊人数资料、同期逐时气象监测数据和气候资料, 应用气象学和统计学方法, 揭示我市高血压患者数与气候背景和气象因子的密切关系-乌鲁木齐市各季高血压病的气象诱因主要是气候条件变化大或天气骤变, 其直接表现为温压湿、风速等气象因子的骤变或巨变;找出我市各季高血压病的气象诱因及主要气象因子-决定乌鲁木齐市高血压病气象指数等级的主要气象因子依次为降水、风速、相对湿度和气温;为了更好地满足广大市民的实际需求, 本文还借鉴生活气象指数、医疗气象学等研究方法和成果, 把我市高血压病气象指数等级划分为五级, 并提出了相对应的对策建议;本文最后还对乌鲁木齐市高血压病气象指数等级预报做了初步探讨, 为今后开展医疗气象预报业务奠定基础。

    Release date:2016-08-26 03:57 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Cause Analysis and Nursing of Peritoneal Dialysis-related Peritonitis

    目的 分析持续腹膜透析患者发生腹膜炎的情况及相关因素,降低腹膜透析患者腹膜炎发生率、退出率,提高患者的生存率、生活质量。 方法 回顾分析2011年1月-6月收治的41例在家中行持续非卧床性腹膜透析且发生腹膜炎患者的临床资料,观察腹膜炎的发生率及转归,腹膜炎症状出现后初始的处理,对腹膜炎的诱因进行分析。 结果 41例腹膜透析患者共发生腹膜炎43例次,痊愈35例(85.4%),转血液透析3例(7.3%),死亡3例(7.3%)。在症状出现初期,3例(7.3%)患者继续在家观察,10例(24.4%)患者立即到当地就医,15例(36.6%)患者采用电话咨询,13例(31.7%)患者到腹膜透析中心就诊;18例(43.9%)患者直接将腹膜透析引流液带到医院进行药敏试验。就感染诱因而言,16例(39.0%)患者未严格进行空气消毒,13例(31.7%)患者未严格进行环境清洁,10例(24.4%)患者操作过程存在污染行为。 结论 加强对居家行腹膜透析患者的初次培训、操作指导及监测,可避免腹膜炎的发生,提高患者生活质量。

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:34 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Analysis of Related Factors and Countermeasures to rebleeding of the Admitted Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients

    目的:探讨住院期间自发性蛛网膜下腔出血患者再出血的相关因素和对策。方法:对42例自发性蛛网膜下腔出血患者住院期间引起再出血的各种相关因素进行分析。结果: 再出血危险因素:34例持续高血压,14例情绪激动,7例下床排便用力,6例剧烈活动,7例睡眠不佳烦燥后出血,4例再出血发生在术前8小时, 4例患者在腰穿时出血。结论: 自发性蛛网膜下腔出血患者住院时高血压和和各种引起血压升高的诱因是引起再出血最主要原因.同时出血时间间隔和住院期间不适当的腰穿也是引起再出血的重要原因。

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:02 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 紫绀型先天性心脏病缺氧发作的危险因素与预防措施

    目的探讨肺少血紫绀型先天性心脏病缺氧发作时的危险因素与护理预防策略。 方法通过观察记录2010年9月-2013年2月176例住院治疗的紫绀型先天性心脏病患儿信息,分析缺氧发作的相关诱因,并采取针对性护理对策进行干预,比较干预前(2010年9月-2012年9月,A组,n=126)和干预后(2012年10月-2013年2月,B组,n=50)患儿合并危险因素比例及缺氧发作率。 结果A组和B组合并1个及以上危险因素者分别为60例(47.6%)和5例(10.0%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);采取针对性护理干预措施后,B组患儿缺氧发作率(10.0%)较A组(24.6%)明显下降,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论采用针对性护理措施,可以减少危险因素的出现,进而可以明显防范和降低紫绀型先天性心脏病患儿缺氧发作概率。

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  • Clinical Heterogeneity and Autoimmunity Profiles of Patients with Diabetic Ketosis or Ketoacidosis

    ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical heterogeneity and auto-immunologic state in patients with diabetic ketosis (DK) or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). MethodsDiabetic patients who presented with DK/DKA were recruited from West China Hospital of Sichuan University from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2008. We analyzed the clinical classification, biochemical profiles, and auto-immunologic state of the patients. ResultsAmong them, 257 (15.0%) patients had type 1 diabetes, while 883 (51.6%) with type 2 diabetes, and 515 (30.1%) could be typed as "atypical diabetes" or "untying diabetes". The average age of hospitalized patients with type 1 diabetes was (31.1±13.5) years, which was significantly lower than that of the type 2 diabetes patients [(58.1±13.2) years] (P<0.001). The most common contributing factor for DK/DKA was infection, followed by noncompliance with therapy. Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody positive rate was 4.37% in patients with "atypical diabetes", which was similar with type 2 diabetes group (2.69%, P=0.79), but lower than that of the patients with type 1 diabetes (13.79%, P<0.001). ConclusionsWe conclude that DK or DKA can occur not only in type 1 diabetic patients but also in patients with type 2 diabetes under infection or stress condition. DK/DKA patients have a high clinical heterogeneity. The auto-immunologic state and β-cell function have significant implications for the diagnosis and classification of diabetes.

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  • 癫痫发作诱因的研究现状

    通常认为癫痫发作是自发的,但许多研究发现癫痫发作与患者所处环境、自身生理和心理因素存在一定关联。与反射性癫痫的诱发因素不同,这些诱因多是非特异、不明显、多因素共同作用的。虽然癫痫发作的诱因广泛存在,但对其研究较少,国内无相关研究;同时也是临床研究难点,因为临床上很难确定癫痫发作和诱发因素之间的确切关系,不同患者,特别是不同种族的患者,其诱发因素也不尽相同,同一患者可伴有多种诱发因素,很难确定哪种诱因起主要作用,这些均是临床研究的瓶颈。另一方面,癫痫患者及其家属极为关注癫痫的诱发因素,这成为困扰患者及临床医生的难题。然而,了解癫痫发作的诱因不仅有助于预防、减少癫痫发作,也有助于阐明癫痫的病理生理机制,从而更加有效地控制癫痫发作。文章对癫痫发作诱因的研究现状进行综述,以供临床医生参考及进一步研究。

    Release date:2017-07-26 04:06 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Demography, blood glucose control, and predisposing causes of diabetic foot ulcers in hospitalized diabetic foot patients

    ObjectiveTo investigate the epidemiological characteristics and predisposing causes of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) in the hospitalized patients with diabetic foot disease (DFD).MethodsThe clinical data of patients with DFD admitted to West China Hospital of Sichuan University between January 1st, 2012 and December 31st, 2018 were collected through the electronic medical record system. The demographic characteristics, blood glucose control status, and the predisposing causes of DFU were analyzed.ResultsA total of 1 022 DFD inpatients with an average age of (65.5±11.9) years old were included in this study, including 679 males and 343 females; 59.4% (513/864) of the patients had a college degree or above, but the patients with more severe DFD had lower educational level (χ2trend=19.554, P<0.001). The average time from diagnosis of diabetes mellitus to occurrence of DFD was (10.6±7.1) years, and 42.4% (433/1 022) of the patients had diabetes for over 10 years. Among the patients, 82.3% (841/1 022) treated diabetes irregularly, 56.2% (555/987) never monitored blood glucose, 51.2% (523/1 022) had a history of foot ulcers, and 8.6% (88/1 022) had a history of lower extremity or toe amputation. The average fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c were (8.6±3.8) mmol/L and (8.2±2.1)%, respectively. There were 52.2% (525/1 006) and 94.4% (958/1 015) of the DFD patients companied with peripheral arterial disease and neuropathy, respectively. DFUs were mainly single (52.7%, 447/849) and neuro-ischemic ulcers (53.0%, 389/734). The main predisposing causes were physical causes (21.6%, 180/834) and trauma (19.2%, 160/834).ConclusionsThe patients with DFD have the characteristics of old age, long course of diabetes, irregular treatment of diabetes and poor control of blood glucose, combined with neurovascular diseases, and high recurrence rate of foot ulcer. Therefore, diabetes education, early screening of foot risk factors, and early intervention should be strengthened to prevent the occurrence and recurrence of DFU.

    Release date:2021-05-19 02:45 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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