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find Author "赵雍凡" 18 results
  • The effect of early enteral nutrition on intestinal mucosa barrier in patients with esophageal carcinoma after operation

    Objective To explore the protective effect of early enteral nutrition on intestinal mucosa barrier in patients with esophageal carcinoma after operation. Methods Fifty six patients with esophageal carcinoma whose weight decreased more than 20% before operation in three months were divided into enteral nutrition group ( n =30) and parenteral nutrition group ( n =26). Plasma concentration of lipopolysaccharide(LPS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), gastrin, glutamine, and ratio of lactulose and mannitol (L/M) were measured on the 1st, 4th, 8th day after operation respectively. Results Weight loss and infectious complication in enteral nutrition group were less than those in parenteral nutrition group after operation ( P lt;0.01, 0.05). On the 4th and 8th day after operation,the level of LPS,TNF, and L/M were lower in enteral nutrition group than those in parenteral nutrition group ( P lt;0 01), the values of gastrin and glutamine were higher in enteral nutrition group than those in parente...更多ral nutrition group ( P lt;0 01). Conclusion Enteral nutrition can protect the intestinal mucosa barrier and decrease infectious complication after operation.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:27 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 食管癌患者生命质量测评的现状

    生命质量(QOL) 测评应用于临床治疗方法或方案选择、临床新药筛选、卫生资源投入的效益评价和建议、探讨癌症患者QOL的影响因素与防治重点,为改进社会卫生服务等功能提供更客观的依据和预测患者预后等.对食管癌患者QOL的研究较少,绝大多数局限于身体功能的研究,其最大原因是没有一个统一的信度、效度高,又具有鉴别能力的食管癌专用量表.欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织(EORTC)QLQ-OES24是在EORTC QLQ-C30量表基础上发展的食管癌专用量表,已进行了Ⅱ期临床试验,与EORTC QLQ-C30联合应用,具有较高的信度、效度和鉴别能力,但其尚未汉化.FACT食管子量表(FACT-E)是癌症治疗功能评价系统(FACT)的子量表,刚开始用于食管癌患者QOL测评,其信度、效度未见报道.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:30 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 组织微阵列在肿瘤学研究中的应用

    人体肿瘤的发生与发展是由多种肿瘤相关基因改变引起,在这一过程中,众多的癌基因、抑癌基因以及其它与细胞增殖和凋亡相关的基因共同发挥作用.要进行肿瘤发病机制的研究,就必须全面了解肿瘤基因改变及表达情况,从数目巨大、潜在的肿瘤相关基因中找到可用于肿瘤诊断、评价预后及治疗的肿瘤标记物.传统的分子病理学方法需时久,耗费大量人力、财力和物力.组织微阵列技术作为一种高效、简便和标准化的方法,用于进行多基因大样本量的肿瘤学研究,是一种极为有效的方法,它具有省时、经济等优点,有十分广阔的应用前景.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:32 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 内源性亚硝胺在食管癌一级预防中的作用及意义

    亚硝胺是一类公认的食管癌化学致癌物。它们广泛存在于人类生存环境中(外源性亚硝胺),也可在一定条件下于人体内合成(内源性亚硝胺)。我国通过控制人群外源性亚硝胺暴露的措施,并未使食管癌发病率明显下降,故内源性亚硝胺诱发人类食管癌的作用可能强于外源性亚硝胺。内源性合成是人体亚硝胺的主要来源,且内源性亚硝胺可致人类食管癌,因而减少人体内源性亚硝胺的暴露可成为食管癌一级预防的重要措施。关于内源性亚硝胺与食管癌预防的可能研究方向总结如下:① 减少亚硝胺底物的摄入及形成、抑制亚硝胺合成反应可减少内源性亚硝胺的暴露;② 亚硝胺在体内的吸收过程可能为被动扩散,干预其吸收过程仍存在困难;③ 亚硝胺本身不致突变,其致突变活性决定于其在体内的代谢或诱导产物,故抑制亚硝胺体内代谢活化也可能抑制食管癌的发生。

    Release date:2016-08-26 02:09 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Clinical Analysis of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation after Surgical Treatment for Esophageal Carcinoma

    ObjectiveTo investigate the high risk factors for perioperative atrial fibrillation (AF) and its effect on the postoperative short term outcome in esophageal carcinoma patients. MethodsSixty three patients with AF after esophagectomy (AF group) and 126 patients without AF after esophagectomy in control group were analyzed by χ 2, and logistic regression, and compare with patient the postoperative mortality and duration hospitalization in two groups.ResultsThe rates of age above 65 (χ 2=7.02, P lt;0.01), male sex (χ 2=4.06, P lt;0.05), history of cardiac disease (χ 2=6 03, P lt;0.05), history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD, χ 2=29.14, P lt;0 01), postoperative thoracic gastric dilatation ( P lt;0.01), and postoperative lower oxygen saturation ( P lt;0.01) in AF group were significantly higher than those in control group. No significant relevance was found between history of diabetes or hypertension, choice of operative approach, site of stoma and postoperative AF. 1 in 15 AF patients regain sinus rhythm after remove the pathological factors, and the others resumed after antiarrhythmic drug therapy. The postoperative hospitalization time was 10.65±0.87 d in patients developing AF group and 9.98±0.96 d in control group ( P gt;0.05). No difference was observed between two groups with regard to mortality ( P gt;0.05).ConclusionAF occurs more frequently after esophagectomy in aged and male sex. Other factors contributing to AF are history of cardiac disease, COPD and lower oxygen saturation. And in this study, early occurrence of AF after operation for esophageal carcinoma does not show any negative impact on mortality or on postoperative duration hospitalization.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:24 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Clinical Application and Experimental Study of Layered Anastomosis in Esophagogastrostomy

    Objective To summarize the clinical application of esophagogastrostomy with layered anastomosis and to observe the healing quality of anastomotic stoma in animal experiments. Methods One thousand and twenty-four patients suffered from carcinoma of esophagus or carcinoma of gastric cardia had undergone esophagogastrostomy by layered anastomosis with absorbable suture. Twenty-four experimental dogs (adult male healthy hybrid dogs) were divided into two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The former (experimental group) underwent the layered anastomosis, the diameter of esophagogastric stoma and the length and depth of stomal scar were measured under anesthesia in both groups on 5th,8th,14th,and 42th postoperative day, respectively. So were done the histological measurement, such as the count infiltrating inflammatory cells, the proliferation of blood capillary and other cells. And the cytokines related to wound healing (LsAB technique) such as epidermal growth factor(EGF), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) were detected, either. Results One thousand and twenty-four patients had no anastomotic leakage. There were only 6 patients suffered from mild anastomotic stricture, and they got well after one dilatation. The results of the measurement of 24 experimental dogs revealed that, in the experimental group, the mucosa was in good connecting condition, had a soften anastomotic stoma and a thin scar. The counts of inflammatory cells and fibroblast showed more in number at the early time after operation (Plt;0.05), while showed less in number at the advanced time of operation (Plt;0.05). In the control group, however, the mucosa were in a bad connecting condition, the scar was thicker, and the muscle layer was frequently exposed. The counts of inflammatory cells and fibroblast were fewer at the early time after operation, however, they had a clearly tendency of increasing at the anaphase after the operation. On the cytokines related to the healing of wound in the experimental group, there was a high expression and activity at the early period. There were a little expression up to postoperative 42 d. Whereas, in the control group, there had a low expression level,increased clearly on postoperative 8 d, and still a higher expression up to postoperative 42 d. Conclusions The esophagogastrostomy by layered anastomosis has a high healing quality with a thin scar. The proliferation of cells and the expression of growth factors benefits the normal healing of wound by first intention.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:25 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Diagnosis and treatment of esophageal diseases by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery

    Mini-invasive video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has been employed in diagnosis and treatment of esophageal diseases for about 10 years. The potential advantages of VATS over thoracotomy are reduction of chest pain just after the operation and in the long run, lower incidence of postoperative respiratory complications, and reduction of aesthetic sequelae. Thoracoscopic staging of esophageal cancer is to evaluate the invasion and metastasis of cancer, which is helpful for better selection of patients for appropriate treatment .Operation of esophageal cancer with VATS is prescribed mainly in the early stage of carcinoma, but it’s application is restricted due to the multiple sites of operation and complexity of procedures. VATS for benign esophageal diseases such as esophageal leiomyoma and achalasia is becoming the preferable choice of operation in qualified medical centers.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:28 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 食管癌患者围手术期死亡的高危因素分析

    目的 为了进一步降低食管癌手术死亡率, 探讨导致食管癌手术死亡的高危因素. 方法 回顾性总结2 641例手术切除食管癌患者的临床资料,对其中62例手术死亡患者的临床和病理资料进行单因素和Cox多因素回归分析. 结果 本组手术死亡率为2.35%.单因素分析影响食管癌手术死亡的主要因素为术后并发症、年龄、合并心肺疾病(Plt;0.001),生长部位、肿瘤长度(Plt;0.01),浸润深度及残端情况(Plt;0.05).多因素分析影响食管癌手术死亡的独立危险因素为术后并发症、高龄、合并心肺疾病,生长部位、肿瘤长度,浸润深度及残端情况. 结论 术后并发症、手术难度及病理分期晚期是食管癌手术死亡的主要原因 ,高龄与合并心肺疾病亦是食管癌手术死亡的重要原因.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:32 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 食管癌手术对游离脂肪酸和维生素A、E代谢的影响

    目的 探讨食管癌手术对脂肪和脂溶性维生素代谢产生的影响。方法 将52例食管癌患者和36例胸部良性疾病患者分成两部分,游离脂肪酸谱分析部分实验组:29例食管癌患者;对照组:19例胸部良性疾病患者。血清维生素A、维生素E(VitA 、VitE)测定部分实验组:23例食管癌患者;对照组:17例胸部良性疾病患者。所有病例均分别在术前1天,术后7天和30天进行5种游离脂肪酸(FFA)分析和VitA、VitE测定。结果 术前1天实验组和对照组亚油酸、油酸、硬脂酸、VitA、VitE差别均无显著性意义(P>0.05);实验组软脂酸、花生四烯酸明显升高(P<0.05)。术后7天实验组患者禁食输入脂肪乳剂后,花生四烯酸和Vit A、Vit E明显低于对照组(P<0.05),其余4种FFA差别无显著性意义(P>0.05)。术后30天,两组间5种FFA差别无显著性意义(P>0.05),而实验组患者仍停留在术后7天的低水平,显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 食管癌患者术前已存在脂肪动员,术后7天在禁食期间输入脂肪乳剂是必要的,但仍不能满足患者对花生四烯酸和VitA、VitE的需求。手术30天后能正常进食的食管癌患者仍存在VitA、VitE的严重不足,有从静脉补充的指征;而5种FFA可达到正常水平。低脂肪、高糖和高蛋白质才是合理的膳食结构。

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:34 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 单剂头孢曲松预防肺手术后感染

    目的 比较预防性使用单剂头孢曲松和四剂头孢曲松对肺手术后感染的效果,论证单剂头孢曲松预防方案的临床价值。方法 223例肺手术患者随机分成单剂头孢曲松组(单剂组,n=110)和四剂头孢曲松组(四剂组,n=113)进行临床对照研究。结果 单剂组的术后感染率(2%)明显低于四剂组(8%),差别具有显著性意义(Plt;0.05),而两组的平均住院时间和平均术后住院时间差别均无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论 单剂头孢曲松是一种较理想的肺手术预防性抗生素方案。

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:33 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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